Humidity-dependent electrical performance of CuO nanowire networks studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

• Jelena Kosmaca,
• Juris Katkevics,
• Jana Andzane,
• Raitis Sondors,
• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Kiryl Niherysh,
• Yelyzaveta Rublova and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 683–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.54

• , e.g., RH 73% and 95%, Figure 2a). A small tail at low frequencies (RH 95%, Figure 2a inset) corresponds to the appearance of a Warburg element W in the equivalent circuit (Figure 2b), which may be attributed to diffusion processes from liquids at high humidity. The values of impedance magnitude and

• the physisorbed water layer grows [27][32]. At RH above 60% (Figure 4b) the Warburg element appears and it grows with increasing the humidity, which suggests increased contribution of the diffusion processes to the total impedance with increased thickness of the water layer adsorbed at the nanowire

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• 100 nm are the main choice for the design of electrochemical sensors. These characteristics all combine to improve the electrochemical process. A sensing or working electrode that acts as a transducer, an electrolyte, a diffusion barrier, and a reference counter electrode are the common components of

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• –alginate biohybrid beads strongly limit the diffusion of metabolites, as we determined by means of diffusion studies using Congo red and crystal violet dyes (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). It can be concluded that the developed sepiolite–biopolymer nanostructured materials exhibit interesting

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• , yielding a temperature profile based on the optical absorption and bulk/surface recombination properties. Here, the photothermal effect refers to this temperature distribution caused by the diffusion and recombination of optically excited carriers. In organic materials, the delocalization of electrons in π

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• water impermeability of the bilayer membrane causes one-dimensional swelling and diffusion, and the hydrophobic aggregates act as sacrificial bonds to yield high mechanical strength and toughness during deformation. The abovementioned general examples could be involved in parts of nanoarchitectonics

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• through pump–probe laser spectroscopy [83]. From the slope of this transient reflectivity curve, the coupling constant is arrived at, from which the lattice temperature is calculated through the two-temperature model by means of two coupled diffusion equations, where Te and Tl are, respectively, the

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• strains of S. aureus (ATCC 25923), S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and E. coli (ATCC 8739), which are generally opportunistic pathogens, were used in the study. The antibacterial activity of diluted nanoparticle solutions was investigated by the agar disc diffusion method. The

• studied against Gram-negative (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus and S. epidermidis) bacteria using the disc diffusion method. The inhibition zone diameters obtained after adding Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs in three different concentrations (1/1, 1/3, and 1/5 dilutions) are presented in

• (ampicillin and amikacin) in terms of inhibition zone diameters by disc diffusion. Values in parentheses indicate the dilution ratios from the stock NPs and the measured diameters. A p-value of 0.05 was considered a statistical significance level. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 10

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• within the nanoparticle and, thus, in preventing the diffusion and association of probe molecules [6]. For these types of assays, it is very common for the result of concentration measurements to be significantly lower than those obtained from free NAT systems with identical concentrations. Inclusion of

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• the solvent can also be removed by selective diffusion [22]. The emulsion solvent evaporation method enables the use of biocompatible polymers, thermolabile compounds, and low-toxicity surfactants. The nanoparticle size can be tuned by formulation parameters and since the nanoparticles are directly

• encapsulated in these ethyl cellulose nanoparticles by dissolving it in the hydrophobic droplet phase of the starting nanoemulsions. The drug release from the nanoparticles appeared to follow a coupled diffusion/relaxation model. Nanoemulsions containing ethyl cellulose have also been prepared at room

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• on the physiology of the organ. The continuous endothelium is characterized by the lowest permeability. Most organs possess a continuous endothelium, which allows for diffusion of water and small molecules. Transporters, pumps, transcytosis, and ligand–receptor interactions are used to transport

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• nanodots), dimension, and particle size of the photocatalyst. Functional properties such as bandgap, optoelectronic properties, surface area, photoresponse, and magnetic properties depend on particle size and morphology of Bi-based photocatalysts. For instance, the charge diffusion path can be decreased by

• photocatalysis over the past few years due to their distinct optical and electronic characteristics [42][88][106]. Simple strain relaxation and short diffusion paths are benefits of 1-D nanostructured materials and are advantageous for the separation of photogenerated carriers [102]. 1-D spindle-like BiVO4

• nanostructures with oriented carrier transport, high optical performance, and a short carrier diffusion length, for instance, were prepared by Li and co-workers [42]. The photodegradation rates of ciprofloxacin and tetracycline were, respectively, 94.8% and 81.1% after 1 h. Additionally, Lin et al. [122

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• targeting efficacy of nanomedicines. Various solutions have been proposed to improve mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) evasion, extravasation at the tumor site, and diffusion through the dense collagen matrix of the solid tumors. Biomimetic, multifunctional, and multistage targeted nanoscale delivery

• nanosized drug delivery carriers: Mixed-layer and multilayered nanocarriers with bioresponsive and cleavable layers, possessing different functional properties for improving the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, diffusion in the tumor microenvironment, cellular internalization and

• , the pH-responsive linker between HA and PEG is hydrolyzed, leading to the cleavage of the HA layer. This, in turn, decreases the NP size and enables faster tumor diffusion, improved internalization, and drug release at the site of action. These nanocarriers exhibited a high degree of tumor homing, low

Spin dynamics in superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator hybrid structures with precessing magnetization

• Yaroslav V. Turkin and
• Nataliya Pugach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 233–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.22

• superconducting condensate in the weak proximity effect regime can be described via the nonstationary Usadel equation [18][19][30]: where is the stationary BCS superconducting order parameter matrix [28], D is the diffusion constant, is the auxiliary matrix in Nambu–spin-Keldysh space, is the time convolution

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• to deposit Pt for the cathode of PEM fuel cells only in a few studies, and in all of them only on gas diffusion layers of carbon fabric or on proton conductive Nafion membrane [27][32][33]. According to our knowledge, no studies have been reported on the PLD deposition of Pt catalyst on carbon

• losses [33]. These losses result accordingly from the necessity to overcome the activation barriers of electrode reactions, the non-zero internal resistance of the cell, and resistance of diffusion and convection of the substrates and products of the electrode reactions. All losses coincide at each point

• the catalytic and diffusion layers. The microscopic water droplets must leave the MEA and the cell, but in some cases, they are temporarily trapped in the diffusion layer or the flow fields. The presence of water results in a temporary decrease of the current due to the transport resistance increase

Formation of nanoflowers: Au and Ni silicide cores surrounded by SiO_x branches

• Feitao Li,
• Siyao Wan,
• Dong Wang and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.14

• ][4], dewetting of the Au/Ni bilayers and diffusion of Au and Ni atoms from the bilayers to the SiO2/Si interface begin at high temperatures. Simultaneously, decomposition is initiated at the SiO2/Si interface, and it can be strengthened by the diffused Au and Ni atoms to finally form the

• nm. XRD patterns of the dewetted systems after annealing at 1050 °C. The standard data of Au (PDF 03-065-2870) and Ni (PDF 03-065-0380) are listed. Formation mechanisms at elevated temperatures. (a) As-deposited bilayers and Au/Ni diffusion along nanochannels (dashed lines) in the SiO2 layer. All

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• and plate diffusion assays) of AgNP@polymer nanocomposites-coated textiles against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) strains. The mechanical properties (flexibility, adhesion, abrasion) were also studied using a Mini-Martindale device, a standard scratch test kit, scanning

• is denser than in the case of PEG600DA diacrylate monomer, which ultimately limits not only the increase in particle size but also the migration/diffusion of silver ions and NPs towards the surface. This affects the final thickness of the top metal layer, the depth of the concentration gradient and

• diffusion of silver ions towards the surface, resulting in the observed thin top metal layer (90 nm) of the Ag@PEG600DA/PETIA film, as confirmed in the TEM images (Figure 5). The metal layer is not thick enough to withstand the damage inflicted by the abrasion process. Rheological properties Potential

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• diffusion of Ag atoms, and the reaction between Cl− and Al proceeds faster than that for other anions [47]. To complete the optimization of the SERS nanoporous silver substrate towards the detection of RhB, films with different silver compositions (i.e., 18, 30, and 36 atom %) were dealloyed using H3PO4 and

•  6a). For AlAg18, the ligament size is similar (≈30 nm) for HCl and H3PO4 dealloying media. However, for higher initial silver contents, samples dealloyed in HCl reveal larger ligaments than those dealloyed in H3PO4 and NaOH. This observation can be related to the fast diffusion of Ag promoted by Cl

• in a different way according to the initial silver content since smaller pores are observed for a lower amount of initial silver content. This effect is more pronounced for samples dealloyed in HCl since the Cl− ions accelerate the diffusion of the silver atoms and promote dealloying [47]. After 120

Solvent-induced assembly of mono- and divalent silica nanoparticles

• Bin Liu,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 52–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.6

• “diffusion-controlled” stage, which can be attributed to the fact that the sedimentation of the chains becomes the rate-limiting factor when they become relatively long. We recently reported that the length of the chains made of 105 nm or 130 nm 2-PSN can be controlled by the addition of 1-PSN with a PPSR of

Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips

• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Antonio Leo,
• Federico Chianese,
• Loredana Parlato,
• Giovanni Piero Pepe,
• Angela Nigro,
• Carla Cirillo and
• Carmine Attanasio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5

• Figure 4a). In fact, kF = 3Dm/ℏ [47], where D = [48] is the quasiparticle diffusion coefficient and m is the mass of the electron. From the value of D reported in Table 1, we get kF ≈ 1.3 and then α = 0.51. In contrast, data are very well reproduced by the WHH theory with α = 0, even though the points

Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning

• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hong-Sheng Chan,
• Chia-Li Liao,
• Che-Wei Chang and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4

• and device fabrication [13][14]. Nevertheless, pattern resolution and reproducibility in contact printing approaches are affected by several factors, most notably the ink molecule lateral diffusion, gas phase transportation, and rubber stamp deformation [15][16]. These are unavoidable issues in soft

• lithography operations and could severely limit the obtainable feature resolution if neglected. Chemical lift-off lithography (CLL) is a rapidly emerging subtractive lithographic technique that aims to overcome the lateral diffusion and gas phase transfer obstacles present in conventional soft lithography [17

• master mold is placed in contact with the SAM, which initiates a covalent bonding between stamp surface siloxyl groups and alkanethiol hydroxy tails. Removal of the stamp from the SAM-covered surface lifts off alkanethiol molecules at the contact region, and thus circumventing the lateral diffusion issue

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

• Fernanda R. Leivas and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

• addition to the hydrophobicity described above. The phenomena of density increasing with temperature at constant pressure and diffusion coefficients increasing with density at constant temperature were observed in experiments and simulations in bulk water [22][23][24]. Water presents both super flow and

• ). Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using the LAMMPS [48] package using an NVT ensemble with a timestep of 0.1 fs. The TIP4P/2005 [49] water model was used since it provides a satisfactory description of self-diffusion coefficient [50], phase diagram, vapor–liquid equilibria [51][52], vapor

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• increase is due to the effect of the laser on the surface reducing defects and eliminating grain boundaries. Above 120 mJ, the grain size decreased with the increase of the laser energy to 16.6 nm for 240 mJ. This decrease is due to the diffusion of gas atoms from the chamber into the upper layer

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• performance because free electrons can shift to the trap state, resulting in a potential difference in the interface between the electrolyte and the electrode [40]. The Warburg element (W3) in the equilibrium circuit, indicating the contribution of diffusion to the overall charge transfer on the electrode, is

Structural studies and selected physical investigations of LiCoO₂ obtained by combustion synthesis

• Monika Michalska,
• Paweł Ławniczak,
• Tomasz Strachowski,
• Adam Ostrowski and
• Waldemar Bednarski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1473–1482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.121

• conversion devices, such as Li-ion batteries, solar cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and thermoelectrics. Unusual and unexpected properties and also unique microstructures (and shapes), such as high porosity, high surface area, short reaction pathways, and diffusion length for Li-ion transport, eventually

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• shows that the diffusion process regulates the electrochemical reaction of ferrocyanide. Given that the diffusion coefficient and electrolyte concentration were constant throughout all tests, the effective surface area (A) of the electrode had the greatest influence on the peak current (Ip

• resistance (Rct), double layer capacitance (Cdl), Warburg impedance (W), and the solution resistance (Rs) [55]. As the Warburg impedance (which corresponds to the diffusion of the redox species) is limited at lower frequencies, the full semicircle disappeared which indicates the dominating diffusion

• -controlled charge-transfer process through the electrode–solution interface. Regarding the qualitative aspect, it was found that the nanocomposite-modified electrode shows a diffusion-limited charge transfer process. The bare SPCE comparatively showed lower charge transfer resistance at higher frequencies