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Search for "emulsion" in Full Text gives 59 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.
Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42
- different hydrophobic solutions to obtain emulsion solutions, and loaded into the donor compartment of the Franz diffusion cell for 24 h. The release of DCS was detected in the receptor compartment. The summary of DCS formulations and release is shown in Table 1 and described as: Formulation Test 1: 20 mg
- dipropylene glycerol (Sigma-Aldrich), 0.6 mL of PEG 400 (Sigma-Aldrich), and 0.2 mL of corn oil (Sigma-Aldrich) to form an emulsified solution by vortexing and sonication. An amount of 15 mg of DCS nanocrystals was added to this emulsion by stirring. After the DCS nanocrystals were well suspended, the final
- to form an emulsion by vortexing and sonication. Then, 30 mg of DCS nanocrystals was added to this formulation by stirring. When the DCS nanocrystals were well suspended, the final product was added to the donor part of the Franz diffusion cell system. Patch formulation C: 5 mg of mannitol and 10 mg
Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17
- alcohol)-based nanoparticles (NPs) using the single emulsion technique. Then the NPs were coated with F127 and F127-folate by simple incubation for five days. The nanoparticles have the hydrodynamic size of approx. 250 nm with negative charge. Similar to chlorambucil and IR780, iron oxide loadings were
- purification and freeze-drying. The results showed that there was approx. 0.5% of CHL in the NPs (Table 2). The encapsulation efficiency of the single emulsion was approx. 5%. However, it was reported that the encapsulation efficiency could be increased up to 92% using the double emulsion method [28] or to 70
- a size over 200 nm activate the lymphatic system and are more quickly removed from circulation [32][33]. The core size and hydrodynamic size of our nanoparticles were around 100 nm and 245 ± 3 nm, respectively, making them suitable for intravenous delivery. Thus, the single emulsion/evaporation
Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10
- present work was (i) to develop stable oil-in-water nanoemulsions containing myrcene or cymene as the dispersed phase, (ii) to determine the required rHLB values for emulsion stability, (iii) to assess the biocompatibility via in vitro and in vivo assays, and (iv) to evaluate the bioefficacy of the NE
- was the one with HLB 16, which has in its composition a greater amount of Tween 20, the more hydrophilic surfactant. It has been shown that a significant difference of the headgroup size of the surfactants has a synergistic effect on emulsion stabilization. Furthermore, the use of mixed surfactants
Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2
- organoleptic properties of PZQ [8][48]. da Fonseca et al. [8] used poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles loaded with PZQ produced by in situ mini emulsion polymerizations to mask the drug taste and develop an oral formulation. Although the taste was masked, the authors reported a gritty tongue sensation
Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29
- . Nanoemulsions can be formulated to contain oily (hydrophobic) droplets in a continuous aqueous phase, that is, as in oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions or aqueous droplets in a continuous oily (hydrophobic) phase as in water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsions. To form an emulsion, the liquid to be dispersed should be
- first fractionated into droplets. This process implies an increase in specific surface area A with an associated theoretical energy penalty (Et) expressed as where γ is the O/W interfacial tension, ϕ is the volume fraction of the dispersed phase, and dE is the droplet diameter in the emulsion. In the so
- tensions that promote the formation of very small droplets. However, since the colloidal stability is very low, the systems need to be quenched to lower temperatures to obtain kinetically stable nanoemulsions [10][11]. In contrast, the PIC method (also called emulsion inversion point method) [12][13
Solvent-induced assembly of mono- and divalent silica nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 52–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.6
- to synthesize 1-PSN with controlled patch size. First, silica/PS monopods consisting of a central silica core attached to one PS nodule (Figure 2a) have been prepared by seeded-growth emulsion polymerization of styrene, as reported elsewhere [32] (see experimental details). The silica core of the
- silica/PS monopods and bipods In a manner similar to the already reported procedure [32], monopods consisting of a central silica core attached to one PS nodule have been prepared by seeded-growth emulsion polymerization of styrene. Briefly, silica nanoparticles with an average diameter of 44 ± 2 nm were
- corresponded to a nominal grafting surface density of 0.7 funct./nm2. Then, MMS-functionalized silica NPs (1.8 × 1016 part/L) were used as seeds for the seed-growth emulsion polymerization of styrene (100 g/L) stabilized by a mixture (3 g/L) of Symperonic® NP30 and SDS (5 wt %) and initiated by 1.3 mL of
Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115
- acetate, dialysis cellulose tubing membrane (average flat width 25 mm, MWCO 14,000 Da), gelatin type B from bovine skin, mucine from porcine stomach (type II), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA; min 99%, titration), and egg yolk emulsion were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. All other chemicals
- used were of analytical grade and obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Methods Preparation of DCX-PLGA and CS/DCX-PLGA NPs DCX-PLGA NPs and CS/DCX-PLGA NPs were prepared by the previously reported single-emulsion preparation method, with some modifications [75][76]. In accordance with the principle of the
- of 0.2% [77]. The organic phase was added to the aqueous phase on a magnetic stirrer at 550 rpm. The resulting o/w emulsion was sonicated on an ice bath with an ultrasonic probe at 25% power for 1 min (four times at 10 s intervals), and PLGA nanoparticles were obtained. The nanoparticles were stirred
Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109
- plasmonic photocatalyst. Nanospheres, nanorods, and nanosheets can be synthesized using various techniques. Hydrothermal calcination, template synthesis, precipitation, reverse micro-emulsion, sonochemical procedures, and microwave methods are typical techniques for fabricating Bi-based nanostructures [77
Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102
- covered by the oil film, the pads do not absorb any water. To illustrate the capabilities of the nanopads for oil–water separation and their use in the cleanup of oil spills, the video in Supporting Information File 3 shows a droplet of water–oil emulsion being separated by nanofur. The video in
- sample has longer hairs, the hairs on the right sample are shorter. The video shows that longer hairs tend to pin the drops and, also, that, once the drops roll, they do so much slower than on the samples with short hairs. Supporting Information File 89: Droplets of oil water emulsion on a piece of
Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98
- in PLGA-based nanoparticles by a water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion method. The nanoparticles were used to form microneedles in combination with various types of PVA. Then, after drying, a base layer made of an aqueous hydrogel was attached. It turned out that the MNs had adequate mechanical
Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67
- creating meso–macro channels without destroying most of the micropores. This can be achieved by removing emulsion networks from the single crystal [116]. The obtained HKUST-1 crystals contained bimodal or trimodal pores, which facilitated adsorption and enabled a fast Friedländer reaction. When the
Design and characterization of polymeric microneedles containing extracts of Brazilian green propolis
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 503–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.42
- . and showing several therapeutic properties (i.e., antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, healing, and immunomodulatory properties). The administration of PRP extracts by conventional routes has some disadvantages, such as running off over the skin in liquid or emulsion form. When
A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10
- multi-jet electrospinning, coaxial electrospinning, emulsion electrospinning, or centrifugal electrospinning, or based on the shape of the collector, such as rotating drum collector, parallel conducting collector, patterned electrodes, rotating thin disk, two-ring collector, and frame collector [20]. 3
- -hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P34HB), which is a polyester that renders a water-permeable membrane for highly efficient removal of water from the emulsion under gravity filtration. The water permeation time was reduced from 130 to 9 s with the increase of P34HB from 30 to 50 wt % [68]. Ge et al
Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78
- the solubility CUR while exerting no in vitro antiproliferative effects against HCT116 cells, in either its free or emulsified form [58]. According to the authors, CUR–PIP was more effective, as compared to CUR and CUR emulsion, while PIP and PIP emulsion did not show inhibition. The CUR–PIP
Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64
Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57
- preparation show that the secretory droplets contain nanodroplets on their surfaces (Figure 8). These results led authors to suggest that the pad secretion is an emulsion consisting of lipoid nanodroplets dispersed in an aqueous liquid. The fluid within the smooth pad contributes to the viscoelastic behaviour
Stability and activity of platinum nanoparticles in the oxygen electroreduction reaction: is size or uniformity of primary importance?
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 593–606, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.49
- suspension of Pt/C catalysts (i.e., "catalytic ink"), 900 μL of isopropyl alcohol and 100 μL of a 0.5% aqueous emulsion of Nafion® polymer were added to 6 mg of each sample. Then, the suspension was dispersed with ultrasound for 15 min. Under continuous stirring, an aliquot of “ink” of 6 μL in volume was
The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31
Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1685–1692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.150
- sufficiently studied in cardiomyocytes. The aim of this study was to determine how hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles contribute to the delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) into cardiomyocytes. We fabricated HAp nanoparticles using the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion method and used these nanoparticles as the delivery
- HAp nanoparticles were prepared using the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion method. The characterization of the prepared HAp nanoparticles was carried out using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). TEM provided insight into the
- are still many limitations, such as low transfection efficiency and reproducibility, that must be overcome for these methods to be successfully used in clinical applications. We were able to successfully produce HAp nanoparticles with less aggregation using the W/O emulsion method, as shown in a
Phase inversion-based nanoemulsions of medium chain triglyceride as potential drug delivery system for parenteral applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 213–224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.16
- as the flexibility of the nanoparticles [6][7][8][9]. Shock dilution with ice-cold water during phase inversion of the emulsion gives the opportunity to produce nanocapsules without the use of any potentially toxic organic solvent at low energy cost [10][11]. The choice and the amount of the
- on the particle diameter is illustrated in Figure 6. With the exception of emulsion NE25, all nanoemulsions were stable over the course of eight weeks at the three storage conditions. Only NE25 underwent creaming and coalescence at 40 °C resulting in a significant increase of the particle diameter up
- distributions depending on their lipid:surfactant ratio. Using a nonionic surfactant resulted in an uncharged surface of the emulsion droplets. The nanoemulsion with small particles of 25 nm in diameter showed an slightly increased cytotoxicity in comparison to the barely toxic nanoemulsions with particles of
Microfluidics as tool to prepare size-tunable PLGA nanoparticles with high curcumin encapsulation for efficient mucus penetration
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2280–2293, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.220
- , relying on PLGA's biodegradability and the fact that it is FDA approved for some products [26][27]. Many different methods have been established to prepare PLGA NPs, such as double emulsion and nanoprecipitation [28][29]. Among many other techniques, nanoprecipitation was adopted very quickly to prepare
BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208
- melting point of the highest melting lipid, then the active agent is dissolved in the lipid melt and the melt containing the active agent is dispersed in a hot aqueous stabilizer solution (surfactant, polymer) of identical temperature by high-speed stirring to form a coarse emulsion. This pre-emulsion is
- sunscreens are normally dissolved in the oil phase of oil/water emulsions. Due to the liquid state of the oil droplets, the evenly and molecularly dispersed sunscreen within the droplets can be released quickly and penetrate into the skin. The release of oxybenzone from an emulsion and SLNs was compared in
Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2062–2072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.201
- solvent displacement and emulsion diffusion approaches and assessed their anticancer efficiency in neuroblastoma cells, including ABCB1-expressing cell lines, in comparison to doxorubicin solution. Results: The resulting nanoparticles covered a size range between 73 and 246 nm. PLGA-PEG nanoparticle
- , opsonisation, and phagocytosis [12]. In previous studies PLA-, PLGA-, PLA-PEG-, and PLGA-PEG-based nanometre-sized drug carriers loaded with or covalently linked to doxorubicin have been prepared by methods including emulsion diffusion, solvent displacement, micelle formation, and film rehydration followed by
- context of efflux-mediated resistance. Since nanoparticles prepared by simple methods have the highest chance of clinical translation, doxorubicin was incorporated into nanoparticles prepared from PLA, PLGA, and PLGA-PEG by emulsion diffusion or solvent displacement approaches, two well-established and
Porous silver-coated pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel nanocapsules
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1973–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.194
- describes the preparation and characterization of a new type of core–shell nanoparticle in which the structure consists of a hydrogel core encapsulated within a porous silver shell. The thermo-responsive hydrogel cores were prepared by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization of a selected mixture of N
- encapsulation of thermo-responsive pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel cores within porous silver nanoshells, and for the purpose of comparison, within a complete nonporous silver nanoshell. We adopt a simple surfactant-free emulsion polymerization (SFEP) technique to grow the initial hydrogel core templates [74][75][76
- -growth method and surfactant-free emulsion polymerization, we demonstrated a reliable synthesis of silver nanocapsules encapsulating thermo-responsive pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel cores. The 800 nm silver nanocapsules with a capsule thickness of ≈50 nm were characterized by SEM, TEM, and UV–vis spectroscopy
Lipid nanostructures for antioxidant delivery: a comparative preformulation study
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1789–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.174
- dispersion acronyms and compositions are reported in Table 1 and Table 2. Firstly, an emulsion was obtained adding the poloxamer 188 aqueous phase (4.5/4.75 mL) heated at 80 °C to the molten lipid phase (250/500 mg), followed by mixing at 15000 rpm, at 80 °C for 1 min (IKA T25 digital ultraturrax). Secondly
- , the emulsion was subjected to ultrasound homogenization at 6.75 kHz for 15 min (Microson ultrasonic Cell Disruptor-XL Minisonix) and allowed to cool at 25 °C. Lipid nanoparticle dispersions were stored at room temperature. In the case of drug-loaded nanoparticles, TOC (0.4–0.8% w/w with respect to the
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