Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• synthesize cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots (CF/GQDs). The material was prepared from a homogeneous mixture of iron nitrate, cobalt nitrate, and starch at 140, 180 and 200 °C in a 24 h thermal hydrolysis process. The obtained materials were characterised by using X-ray diffraction, scanning

• electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometry, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. Cobalt ferrite crystals of around 8–10 nm and

• degradation and other dyes. Keywords: cobalt ferrite; graphene quantum dots; methylene blue; Introduction Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have unique properties, including photoluminescence, biocompatibility, slight chemical toxicity, inertness, and excellent photostability [1][2]. Graphene quantum dots

ZnO-decorated SiC@C hybrids with strong electromagnetic absorption

• Liqun Duan,
• Zhiqian Yang,
• Yilu Xia,
• Xiaoqing Dai,
• Jian’an Wu and
• Minqian Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 565–573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.47

• diversification of working conditions, new electromagnetic (EM) absorbing materials are gradually designed and fabricated to obtain thinner, lighter, wider, and stronger materials than the traditional materials such as carbonyl iron and ferrite [1][2][3][4]. SiC has the advantages of low density, high-temperature

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• -toxic nature. BiFeO3, one of those Bi-based photocatalysts, has been the subject of intensive research in recent years because it is the only naturally occurring magnetoelectric material with ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties at room temperature [39][75][87][88][89]. Bismuth ferrite has a

• properties, a lot of researchers [90] have used bismuth ferrite to efficiently degrade organic pollutants, as shown in Table 2. Bi2WO6 is a typical Aurivillius-phase material, that is, a type of perovskite denoted by Bi2Xn–1YnO3n+3, where X is a large (12-coordinate, such as Ba, Bi, Sr, or Ca) cation and Y

• pure Bi2WO6 (82.8%), the dopant significantly increased the tetracycline-degrading activity, which reached 94.6% within 1 h of visible light irradiation. Additionally, Irfan et al. [148] used a bi-solvent sol–gel technique to synthesise porous bismuth ferrite nanostructures with various morphological

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• Department of Physics, Functional Materials Lab, Air University, Sector E-9, Islamabad, Pakistan Core Research Facilities, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia 10.3762/bjnano.12.99 Abstract In this study, poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PMA)-coated spinel ferrite

• vitro compared to free drug controls. The IC50 values ranged from 0.81 to 3.97 μg/mL for HepG2 and HT144 cells, whereas IC50 values for normal lymphocytes were 10 to 35 times higher (18.35–43.04 µg/mL). Cobalt ferrite (CFO) and zinc ferrite (ZFO) NPs were highly genotoxic (p < 0.05) in cancer cell lines

• studies; magnetic spinel ferrite nanoparticles; methotrexate; poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride); Introduction Cancer is the second leading cause of death and, as such, it is a global health concern [1]. It is caused by uncontrolled cell proliferation, reduced cell death rate, or both [2

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• prepared framework composites by growing MOF-5 crystals on ferrite nanofibers to remove impurity particles with the help of the embedded magnetic nanofibers. The realized the extraction of carcinogenic molecules, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with magnetic framework composites (FCs

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

• , demonstrating the patterning of out-of-plane strain into epitaxial thin films of bismuth ferrite [74]. In this work, Toulouse et al. showed that by continuously varying the dose, continuous elongation of the unit cell in the out-of-plane direction could be achieved, thus enabling fine control over the strain

Free and partially encapsulated manganese ferrite nanoparticles in multiwall carbon nanotubes

• Saja Al-Khabouri,
• Salim Al-Harthi,
• Toru Maekawa,
• Mohamed E. Elzain,
• Ashraf Al-Hinai,
• Ahmed D. Al-Rawas,
• Abbsher M. Gismelseed,
• Ali A. Yousif and
• Myo Tay Zar Myint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1891–1904, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.170

• , Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350 8585, Japan Department of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat PC 123, Sultanate of Oman 10.3762/bjnano.11.170 Abstract Free and partially encapsulated manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles are synthesized and characterized regarding structure, surface, and

• electronic and magnetic properties. The preparation method of partially encapsulated manganese ferrite enables the formation of a hybrid nanoparticle/tube system, which exhibits properties of manganese ferrite nanoparticles inside and attached to the external surface of the tubes. The effect of having

• manganese ferrite nanoparticles inside the tubes is observed as a shift in the X-ray diffraction peaks and as an increase in stress, hyperfine field, and coercivity when compared to free manganese ferrite nanoparticles. On the other hand, a strong charge transfer from the multiwall carbon nanotubes is

Nanocasting synthesis of BiFeO₃ nanoparticles with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Thomas Cadenbach,
• Maria J. Benitez,
• A. Lucia Morales,
• Cesar Costa Vera,
• Luis Lascano,
• Francisco Quiroz,
• Alexis Debut and
• Karla Vizuete

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1822–1833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.164

• radical trapping experiments. Keywords: bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3); dye; nanocasting; nanoparticles; photocatalysis; rhodamine B; SBA-15; Introduction In the face of a continuously growing demand, the production of safe and readily available water is one of the biggest challenges humanity is facing

• photocatalysts with narrow bandgaps in the visible-light region in combination with a slow electron–hole recombination has attracted a great deal of interest [18]. Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is one of those photocatalysts and has been intensively researched in the past few years due to its narrow bandgap in the

• synthesize metal oxide particles and, in particular, nanometer-sized ferrite particles due to their availability, low cost and relative inertness [36][37][38][39][40][41]. In the present work, we show the synthesis of pure-phase BiFeO3 nanoparticles with a particle diameter of 5.5 ± 1.0 nm by a wet

Advanced hybrid nanomaterials

• Andreas Taubert,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2563–2567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.247

• critical importance of interfaces. In the current issue, from “simple” to more elaborated, we here observe the importance of the polyol method, the non-hydrolytic or colloidal approach, and ordered mesopore templating techniques. In “Tailoring the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• amounts of acetone still need to be enhanced. As a dual metal oxide, AB2O4 spinel materials received much attention in the field of gas sensing [13][14]. With a unique spinel structure and a narrow bandgap width (≈1.94 eV), zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) has remarkable properties and shows good potential in the

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• and pore volume of 0.35 cm3/g. The cisplatin/CuFe2O4/HYPS nanoformulation showed the accumulation of copper ferrite nanoparticles on the surface and in the pores of HYPS with a surface area of 45 m2/g, pore size of 16 nm and pore volume of 0.18 cm3/g. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy

• dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping analysis showed the presence of homogeneous silica particles with nanoclusters of copper ferrite distributed on the HYPS support. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analysis of CuFe2O4/HYPS showed paramagnetic behavior with a saturated magnetization value of 7.65 emu/g. DRS UV

• tumor imaging guide and drug delivery system. Keywords: anticancer; cisplatin; copper ferrite; drug delivery; multifunctional; nanomedicine; nanotherapeutics; spherical silica; tumour therapy; Introduction Due to the continuous advancements in the field of nanotechnology, the therapeutic prospects

The effect of magneto-crystalline anisotropy on the properties of hard and soft magnetic ferrite nanoparticles

• Hajar Jalili,
• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Ali Ghotbi Varzaneh and
• Volodymyr A. Chernenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1348–1359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.133

• −xO4 NPs, with x = 0–1 in steps of 0.2, from soft magnetic (Fe3O4) to hard magnetic (CoFe2O4) ferrite, with a significant variation of the magnetic anisotropy. The phase purity and the formation of crystalline NPs with a spinel structure were confirmed through Rietveld refinement. The effect of Co

• observed that the heat efficiency of soft Fe3O4 is about 4 times larger than that of hard CoFe2O4 ferrite, which was attributed to the high coercive field of samples compared with the external field amplitude. Keywords: anisotropy; cobalt; ferrite; Henkel plots; hyperthermia therapy; nanoparticles

• [1][2]. In recent years, ferrite nanoparticles with the general formula of MFe2O4 (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Mn) have attracted great attention of researchers due to their potential applications in biomedicine and industry [3]. Magnetic anisotropy and interparticle interactions are important parameters that

Tailoring the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using the polyol process

• Malek Bibani,
• Romain Breitwieser,
• Alex Aubert,
• Vincent Loyau,
• Silvana Mercone,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1166–1176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.116

• magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) must be highly magnetostrictive and magnetically blocked at room temperature despite their nanometer-size. We describe here the use of the polyol process to synthesize cobalt ferrite (CoxFe3−xO4) nanoparticles with controlled size and composition and the study of the

• piezoelectric polymers. Keywords: cobalt ferrite; magnetocrystalline anisotropy; magnetostriction; nanoparticle; non-stoichiometry; polyol process; Introduction Recently, extrinsically (or artificially) magnetoelectric (ME) multiferroic (MF) materials have been seriously investigated for many applications in

• ferromagnetic component as small as possible, while maintaining an efficient strain transmission (an amplitude of ca. 30 ppm is enough for many applications [11]). Currently, the size of such nanoparticles ranges above 30 nm in diameter. Bulk single crystalline cobalt ferrite, for instance, exhibits a

Co-doped MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles: magnetic anisotropy and interparticle interactions

• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Parviz Kameli,
• Hadi Salamati,
• Giorgio Concas,
• Maria Salvador Fernandez,
• Alessandro Talone,
• Giuseppe Muscas and
• Davide Peddis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 856–865, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.86

• . Keywords: cobalt doping; collective dynamics; ferrite nanoparticles; interparticle interactions; magnetic properties; Introduction A strong scientific interest has driven the fundamental research on magnetic nanoparticles in the last decades [1][2][3][4], with interest constantly fed by their wide range

• ]. Such interactions can be due to a strong influence on the overall magnetic behavior of the ensembles, inducing co-operative regimes showing super ferromagnetic (SFM) and superspin glass (SSG) behavior [13][15][16]. Among nanostructured materials, magnetic ferrite nanoparticles (MeIIFe2O4; MeII = Fe2

• , we investigate the structural and magnetic properties of ensembles of ferrite nanoparticles with formula Mn1−xCoxFe2O4, (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) prepared by a combined low-energy ball milling and self-combustion method. This simple and low cost synthesis approach (i.e., the synthesis is performed at a relatively

Heavy-metal detectors based on modified ferrite nanoparticles

• Urszula Klekotka,
• Ewelina Wińska,
• Elżbieta Zambrzycka-Szelewa,
• Dariusz Satuła and
• Beata Kalska-Szostko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 762–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.69

• Abstract In this work, we analyze artificial heavy-metal solutions with ferrite nanoparticles. Measurements of adsorption effectiveness of different kinds of particles, pure magnetite or magnetite doped with calcium, cobalt, manganese, or nickel ions, were carried out. A dependence of the adsorption

• (AAS) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) as comparative techniques. The performed study shows that SA linker appears to be the most effective in the adsorption of heavy metals. Moreover, regarding the influence of the composition of the inorganic core on the detection ability, the most effective ferrite

• Mn0.5Fe2.5O4 was selected for discussion. The highest heavy-metal adsorption capability and universality was observed for SA as a surface modifier. Keywords: ferrite nanoparticles; heavy metal detection; materials characterization; water purification; Introduction Many research reports show that magnetic

Facile synthesis of ZnFe₂O₄ photocatalysts for decolourization of organic dyes under solar irradiation

• Arjun Behera,
• Debasmita Kandi,
• Sanjit Manohar Majhi,
• Satyabadi Martha and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 436–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.42

• magnetic in nature [10][11][12][13]. Among different metal ferrite materials, zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) plays a significant role because of its low band gap (1.88 eV), high thermal conductivity, good chemical stability, higher specific strength, magneto-resistive and magneto optical properties and low

• , hydrothermal [15][16][17] solid-state combustion, sol–gel, co-precipitation, mechanochemical [18] and microwave-hydrothermal assisted ionic liquids have been reported for the synthesis of metal ferrite [10][13][19]. Recently, Sharma et al. reported the synthesis of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles by an urea combustion

• furnace at heating and cooling rates of 5 °C·min−1 [23]. Most of these preparation processes require various reaction steps or high temperature, which is the major drawback of the prepared materials. The prepared ferrite materials have been widely applied in the field of photocatalysis to degrade most of

Dynamic behavior of a nematic liquid crystal mixed with CoFe₂O₄ ferromagnetic nanoparticles in a magnetic field

• Emil Petrescu,
• Cristina Cirtoaje and
• Cristina Stan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2467–2473, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.246

• analyzed. Experimental data indicate a high stability of the nematic director in the mixture compared to a reference 5CB sample in the magnetic field. The ferrite nanoparticles agglomerate forming long chains as observed in polarized microscopy images. These chains have a very high influence on the magneto

• Dynamic measurements were performed with a reference sample cell filled only with 5CB and a cell filled with a mixture of 5CB and 1% (volumetric ratio) of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are nano-sized ferrite platelets (30 nm diameter) obtained using a co-precipitation method with iron

Methionine-mediated synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and functionalization with gold quantum dots for theranostic applications

• Arūnas Jagminas,
• Agnė Mikalauskaitė,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas and
• Jūrate Vaičiūnienė

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1734–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.174

• [11][12][13][14]. However, the direct-deposition protocols are mainly suitable for covering γ-Fe2O3 NPs. The formation of a gold shell on magnetite (Fe3O4) or ferrite surfaces through reduction of chloroauric acid by citrates or borohydride is usually problematic due to the formation of pure gold

• attachment of gold species. In recent publications amino acids such as methionine [19] and lysine [24] have been reported to be effective capping agents to control the size of magnetite [19] and Co ferrite [24] NPs during co-precipitation synthesis [25]. The main goal of the methionine capping was the

• application of Fe3O4@Met NPs for the adsorption of water pollutants. In this study, we report a novel synthesis protocol for superparamagnetic cobalt ferrite NPs capped with a biocompatible methionine shell (CoFe2O4@Met), which in turn is capable to reduce and attach the gold species. In this way, hybrid

Characterization of ferrite nanoparticles for preparation of biocomposites

• Urszula Klekotka,
• Magdalena Rogowska,
• Dariusz Satuła and
• Beata Kalska-Szostko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1257–1265, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.127

• Urszula Klekotka Magdalena Rogowska Dariusz Satula Beata Kalska-Szostko Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland Faculty of Physics, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1L, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.8.127 Abstract Ferrite

• ferrite nanoparticles. Detailed studies in this subject on particular systems provide conclusions and give ideas as to how to apply magnetic nanoparticles in the fields of medical, biological or environment protection. Nevertheless, precise studies on the physicochemical properties of the ferrite core is

• of main importance while its application is considered. Therefore, in this paper, we selected four types of ferrite nanoparticles (magnetite, and magnetite doped with Ni, Co, or Mn elements, respectively), and studies on the immobilization of biologically active particles were done. For this purpose

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

Diffusion and surface alloying of gradient nanostructured metals

• Zhenbo Wang and
• Ke Lu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 547–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.59

• surface layer electroplated with a thin layer of Cr [31]. The apparent diffusivity of Cr in the GNS Fe is 7–9 orders of magnitude higher than that in the Fe lattice and 4–5 orders of magnitude higher than that along GBs of ferrite, as shown in Figure 1. In terms of the diffusion kinetics with Arrhenius

Methods for preparing polymer-decorated single exchange-biased magnetic nanoparticles for application in flexible polymer-based films

• Laurence Ourry,
• Delphine Toulemon,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 408–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.43

• applications. Phosphates and phosphonates are suitable for functionalizing iron and silicon oxide surfaces [29][30] through covalent bonds, in mono-, bi- or tridentate modes; but to date, they have not been used for cobalt oxide and ferrite surfaces. In the case of PMMA, we followed two routes: the first one

Microwave synthesis of high-quality and uniform 4 nm ZnFe₂O₄ nanocrystals for application in energy storage and nanomagnetics

• Christian Suchomski,
• Ben Breitung,
• Ralf Witte,
• Michael Knapp,
• Sondes Bauer,
• Tilo Baumbach,
• Christian Reitz and
• Torsten Brezesinski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1350–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.126

• narrow size distribution hold promise for many applications in different areas ranging from biomedicine to electronics and energy storage. Herein, the microwave-assisted sol–gel synthesis and thorough characterization of size-monodisperse zinc ferrite nanoparticles of spherical shape is reported. X-ray

• galvanostatic charge–discharge tests and ex situ X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy, the as-prepared zinc ferrite nanocrystals can be used as a high-capacity anode material for Li-ion batteries, showing little capacity fade – after activation – over hundreds of cycles. Overall, in addition to the

• good material characteristics, it is remarkable that the microwave-based synthetic route is simple, easily reproducible and scalable. Keywords: 1-phenylethanol route; lithium-ion battery; nanomagnetism; nanoparticles; nonaqueous sol–gel synthesis; zinc ferrite; Introduction Spinel ferrites of the