Heat-induced morphological changes in silver nanowires deposited on a patterned silicon substrate

• Elyad Damerchi,
• Sven Oras,
• Edgars Butanovs,
• Allar Liivlaid,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Annamarija Trausa,
• Veronika Zadin,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Loïc Vidal,
• Karine Mougin,
• Siim Pikker and
• Sergei Vlassov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 435–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.39

• ; silver nanowires; Introduction Metal nanowires (NWs) are promising key elements in a wide range of applications, including solar cells [1], smart windows [2], flexible sensors [3], touch screens [4], biocompatible polymer binders [5], temperature sensing [6], medical materials [7], and key elements of

• indium tin oxide (ITO), which currently serves as the industry standard for transparent conductive films, the Ag NW network is significantly more mechanically flexible and offers a broader optical transmittance range that extends well beyond the visible region [13][14]. Another related application of Ag

• NW networks is in highly flexible transparent film heaters [15]. In recent years, Ag NWs have garnered attention as a key element in neuromorphic computing devices [16]. In the context of the applications mentioned, Ag NWs are subjected to elevated temperatures caused by Joule heating [17]. Moreover

On the mechanism of piezoresistance in nanocrystalline graphite

• Sandeep Kumar,
• Simone Dehm and
• Ralph Krupke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 376–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.34

• , Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.15.34 Abstract Strain sensors are sensitive to mechanical deformations and enable the detection of strain also within integrated electronics. For flexible displays, the use of a seamlessly integrated strain sensor would be beneficial

• , and graphene is already in use as a transparent and flexible conductor. However, graphene intrinsically lacks a strong response, and only by engineering defects, such as grain boundaries, one can induce piezoresistivity. Nanocrystalline graphene (NCG), a derivative form of graphene, exhibits a high

• applied strain on NCG placed on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates provide intriguing insights into the underlying mechanism. Raman measurements, in conjunction with strain applied to NCG grown on flexible glass, indicate that the strain is concentrated at the grain boundaries for smaller strain

Ultrasensitive and ultrastretchable metal crack strain sensor based on helical polydimethylsiloxane

• Shangbi Chen,
• Dewen Liu,
• Weiwei Chen,
• Huajiang Chen,
• Jiawei Li and
• Jinfang Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 270–278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.25

• ], monitoring human health [6][7][8], medical treatment [9][10], soft robotics [11][12], and human–computer interaction [13][14][15]. Numerous flexible strain sensors employing various mechanisms such as piezoresistivity [16][17], capacitance [18][19], and piezoelectricity have been developed to fulfill the

• structure consisting of a sensing layer composed of CNTs and MXene on a flexible thermoplastic polyurethane substrate [34]. The strain sensor exhibits exceptional sensing range (390%) and sensitivity (GF = 2159.5). These findings highlight the importance of rational design of geometric structures and

• threshold strain required to trigger this alarm could be adjusted by manipulating the helix indices of the helical sensor. Conclusion In summary, this study presents a straightforward method for producing a remarkably flexible resistive strain sensor by utilizing a Au thin film on a helical structure. The

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• immobilisation. This can potentially affect their binding behavior. This can be especially significant for caseins, as they belong to the group of flexible milk proteins with no tertiary structure. Globular milk proteins (lactoglobulin and lactalbumin) are expected to be less prone to this shortcoming of the UA

Spatial mapping of photovoltage and light-induced displacement of on-chip coupled piezo/photodiodes by Kelvin probe force microscopy under modulated illumination

• Zeinab Eftekhari,
• Nasim Rezaei,
• Hidde Stokkel,
• Jian-Yao Zheng,
• Andrea Cerreta,
• Ilka Hermes,
• Minh Nguyen,
• Guus Rijnders and
• Rebecca Saive

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1059–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.87

• to the flexible center of the membrane and clamped edges, and it is not attributed to the variation of induced photovoltage. The simulation results of the same device (Figure 3d) confirm the shape and range of displacement mapping over the active area. It is instructive to note that ideally the

Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks

• Suyi Liu,
• Yasuo Norikane and
• Yoshihiro Kikkawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 872–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.72

• related to energy and environment, among others. However, the fabrication of ordered nanoarchitectures remains a challenge, even in two dimensions. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the self-assembly processes and substantial factors for building ordered structures is critical for tailoring flexible

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• University, Hangzhou 310018, China School of Cyberspace Security, Hangzhou DIANZI University, Hangzhou 310018, China 10.3762/bjnano.14.67 Abstract This paper describes a method for preparing flexible composite piezoelectric nanofilms of P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/graphene using a high-voltage electrospinning method

• advancement in wearable electronic devices within the healthcare field, leading to several noteworthy breakthroughs. For instance, D. Wan et al. [11] presented a groundbreaking development in the form of a flexible wearable friction patch. This innovative patch consists of a dual-layer PDMS membrane infused

• polymer material with a wide frequency bandwidth, good biocompatibility, and softness. It is one of the preferred materials for flexible piezoelectric sensors [12]. However, compared to rigid piezoelectric materials such as PZT, pure P(VDF-TrFE) has inferior piezoelectric properties [13]. Researchers have

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• transform a liquid resin into a solid plastic. When exposed to laser radiation with an appropriate wavelength, the short molecular chains in photocurable resins polymerize to form rigid or flexible solid geometries. As the printing limit of the 3D line dimension suggested by the Formlabs 3 printer

In situ magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of a Ge@C composite for high-performance lithium-ion batterie anodes

• Ha Tran Huu,
• Ngoc Phi Nguyen,
• Vuong Hoang Ngo,
• Huy Hoang Luc,
• Minh Kha Le,
• Minh Thu Nguyen,
• My Loan Phung Le,
• Hye Rim Kim,
• In Young Kim,
• Sung Jin Kim,
• Van Man Tran and
• Vien Vo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 751–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.62

• performance of Ge-based anodes, a carbon matrix is the most popular choice to disperse nanoparticles, avoiding their aggregation and reducing the internal stress induced by volume variation, because of its flexible structure and high conductivity [30][31][32]. In our recent study, the combination of Ge

Cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy on III–V epitaxial multilayer stacks: challenges and perspectives

• Mattia da Lisca,
• José Alvarez,
• James P. Connolly,
• Nicolas Vaissiere,
• Karim Mekhazni,
• Jean Decobert and
• Jean-Paul Kleider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 725–737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.59

• and continuity equations numerically in two dimensions and includes flexible descriptions of bulk and surface defect distributions. KELSCAN simulates the experimental setup by sequentially moving the AFM tip across the surface of the sample, statically solving the semiconductor equations at each

Suspension feeding in Copepoda (Crustacea) – a numerical model of setae acting in concert

• Alexander E. Filippov,
• Wencke Krings and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 603–615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.50

• these tips are also rather soft and flexible, similar to attachment hairs in insects showing high adhesion at the tips [58]; for in-depth reviews, see [59][60][61]. In contrast, the tips of the long setae did not emit blue signals. The simulation presented here takes into account the actual physical

• mechanical properties (flexible or stiff) of the setae segments facilitate the feeding of particles? How does the feeding efficiency change when the setae tips have a high adhesion? How does the feeding efficiency change when the basic segments of each setae are more flexible and allow for a higher bending

Carbon nanotube-cellulose ink for rapid solvent identification

• Tiago Amarante,
• Thiago H. R. Cunha,
• Claudio Laudares,
• Ana P. M. Barboza,
• Ana Carolina dos Santos,
• Cíntia L. Pereira,
• Vinicius Ornelas,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• André S. Ferlauto and
• Rodrigo G. Lacerda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 535–543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.44

• and flexible devices are paradigms of the current “Industry 4.0”. One can envision applications such as multicomponent liquid and gas sensors, wearables for healthcare, paper-based sensors, and electronic solutions for smart city applications [1][2][3][4][5]. Another area of increasing demand is the

• and other 1D/2D materials have been employed as ink components with great potential for a broad range of applications, for example, in flexible electronics, photoconductors, transparent conductors, and gas sensors [44][45][46][47]. Carbon nanotube ink films have been reported as field-effect

• ) was performed in different devices and on flexible and rigid substrates, providing a step forward towards scale-up and commercialization of the technology. Experimental Materials and apparatus Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with a nominal fiber width of 50 nm and several hundred micrometers of

A mid-infrared focusing grating coupler with a single circular arc element based on germanium on silicon

• Xiaojun Zhu,
• Shuai Li,
• Ang Sun,
• Yongquan Pan,
• Wen Liu,
• Yue Wu,
• Guoan Zhang and
• Yuechun Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 478–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.38

• sensors is of great significance. In 2015, Bai et al. reported a flexible healable transparent chemical gas sensing device that exhibited robust flexibility, good transparency, and reliable water-enabled healability of the gas sensing performance at room temperature [15]. Wang proposed a flexible

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• materials (PTMs) have attracted significant interest because of their advantages over metallic and inorganic PTMs in terms of high light absorption, designable molecular structures, flexible morphology, and solution processability. We review here the recent progress in solar steam generation devices based

• : Polyaniline (PANI) has proven to be an efficient water evaporation material because it is inexpensive, easy to synthesize, flexible, chemically stable, light absorbing, and adhesive [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. PANI cross-linked to hydrophilic soft polymers makes the material as tough and flexible as an

• included for comparison in (c). (d) Schematic illustration of light trapping by surface structures formed on the multilayer PPy nanosheets. Figure 6 was adapted from [32], X. Wang et al., “Multilayer Polypyrrole Nanosheets with Self-Organized Surface Structures for Flexible and Efficient Solar–Thermal

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• , the system passes through structures with zero curvature, such as bicontinuous microemulsions or flexible lamellar liquid crystals [15]. The PIC method is amenable for scaling up since it mainly involves a simple dilution process and is suitable for components that cannot withstand high temperatures

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• flexible design and low cost, biological approaches have been used for the treatment of various contaminated effluents. However, the process is time-consuming, can be ineffective when toxic recalcitrant pollutants are present, and may even be irreparably harmful to the environment. Among the water

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• the textile support. After assessing their optical and mechanical properties, the antimicrobial properties of the functionalized textiles were tested against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) strains. In addition to being flexible and adherent to the textile substrates, the

• @PEG600DA/PETIA (b) coatings. TEM cross sections of the Ag@PEG600DA (a) and the Ag@PEG600DA/PETIA (b) with the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns. Images of flexible Ag@PEG600DA (a) and Ag@PEG600DA/PETIA (b) samples; inserted post-scratch tests. Influence of 500 and 1000 abrasion cycles on

Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high-Q optical sensing

• Chaoying Shi,
• Jinhua Hu,
• Xiuhong Liu,
• Junfang Liang,
• Jijun Zhao,
• Haiyan Han and
• Qiaofen Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1408–1417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.116

• the cavity to light (Γ decreases from 0.5381 to 0.3782). On the contrary, since most of the light in mode 2 is trapped inside the cavity, the increase of h improves the confinement capacity of the cavity (Γ increases from 0.6344 to 0.7513). Here, the flexible choice of cavity length enables to

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• modification is crucial in photocatalysis. Bi-based photocatalytic nanomaterials have gotten much interest as they exhibit distinctive geometric shapes, flexible electronic structures, and good photocatalytic performance under visible light. They can be employed as stand-alone photocatalysts for pollution

Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials

• Arbresha Muriqi and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103

• are described as O–M–O–(CHx)y–O–M–O. Metalcones are known to be flexible in nature due to the flexible organic backbones present in their architectures and with excellent mechanical properties at the atomic and molecular level arising from the organometallic precursors [16][17]. The first metalcone

• a better option for the growth of thicker, more flexible and more stable hybrid films. This because aromatic molecules, due to their stiff backbone prefer to orient in a vertical configuration and avoid the double reactions [40][42]. Such hybrid films are known as “metal–organic” films. These also

A super-oscillatory step-zoom metalens for visible light

• Yi Zhou,
• Chao Yan,
• Peng Tian,
• Zhu Li,
• Yu He,
• Bin Fan,
• Zhiyong Wang,
• Yao Deng and
• Dongliang Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.101

• materials still have issues regarding dynamic tunability and inflexibility. Therefore, it is vital to develop a flexible and tunable modulation approach for super-oscillatory lenses. In this paper, we propose a super-oscillatory step-zoom lens based on the geometric phase principle, which can switch between

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• . A phase-engineered flexible MoS2 nanosheet generator is worth mentioning. Through annealing at 150 °C, the 1T phase of MoS2 is changed to the 2H phase. The 2H phase can dissociate more water molecules into hydrogen ions than the 1T phase (Figure 4d,e). Thus, the different phases yield a difference

• ions to move in a direction and providing an output voltage. Graphene is a layered two-dimensional nanomaterial and can yield a large specific surface area by stacking. The method of creating gradient distributions with lasers is quite flexible and practical and works well in both structures of wire

• ]. This power-generating textile fiber offers new horizons as they can harvest energy anytime and anywhere. For example, in Sun’s work, a breathable, flexible, and deformable large-faced textile was demonstrated, which utilizes polyethylene oxide (PEO) to achieve an output of up to 0.83 V (Figure 10i

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• equipment because of its superior antibacterial, light-admitting, and flexible features [28]. In another report, CDs were prepared from egg white using a one-step hydrothermal method. Carbonization, N-doping, and surface functionalization all occurred simultaneously during the hydrothermal reaction. The CDs

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

• Leonie Saccardi,
• Franz Brümmer,
• Jonas Schiebl,
• Oliver Schwarz,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

• end (Figure 2B). The medial surface of this tip was examined more extensively because it is used by bees to process and form propolis (Figure 4A). The spoon-shaped tip tapers towards the distal apex. On one side it exhibits an edge densely covered by smooth, long, and flexible hairs (hairy edge

• several ridges and ledges on the medial surface of the mandible forming a channel between them. A hairless and sharp edge on one side could be used to cut materials as it has been suggested for the mandible of stingless bees [19]. Long flexible hairs grow on one edge and reach over half of the mandible

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• bind to other molecules with high affinity and specificity. Aptamers are comparable to antibodies in their applications, yet, they offer several advantages, including higher temperature stability, fast chemical synthesis, easy labeling, versatile chemical modification, flexible structure, and