Automatic morphological characterization of nanobubbles with a novel image segmentation method and its application in the study of nanobubble coalescence

• Yuliang Wang,
• Huimin Wang,
• Shusheng Bi and
• Bin Guo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 952–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.98

• Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P.R. China 10.3762/bjnano.6.98 Abstract Nanobubbles (NBs) on hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous solvents have shown great potential in numerous applications. In this study, the morphological characterization of NBs in AFM images was carried out with

• of density, covered area, and volume occurring during coalescence under external disturbance. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; characterization; coalescence; nanobubbles; segmentation; Introduction Over the last ten years, spherical-capped bubbles on various hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous

• -range attractive hydrophobic forces [19][20]. The coalescence of NBs on hydrophobic surfaces is believed to form a gas bridge and leads to long-range attractive forces [19][21]. They are also believed to be the reason for the breakdown of the no-slip boundary condition at the solid–liquid interface on

Capillary and van der Waals interactions on CaF₂ crystals from amplitude modulation AFM force reconstruction profiles under ambient conditions

• Annalisa Calò,
• Oriol Vidal Robles,
• Sergio Santos and
• Albert Verdaguer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 809–819, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.84

• ]. This is particularly true when working in air under ambient conditions, where the presence of thin layers of water is ubiquitous even on highly hydrophobic surfaces [8][9][10] and specific interactions (hydration, capillary forces) [11] need to be accounted for, which can be effective at relatively

Exploiting the hierarchical morphology of single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube films for highly hydrophobic coatings

• Francesco De Nicola,
• Paola Castrucci,
• Manuela Scarselli,
• Francesca Nanni,
• Ilaria Cacciotti and
• Maurizio De Crescenzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 353–360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.34

• (contact angles of up to 137°) than bare SWCNT (110°) and MWCNT (97°) coatings, thereby confirming the enhancement produced by the surface hierarchical morphology. Keywords: hierarchical structures; hydrophobic surfaces; multi-walled carbon nanotube; single-walled carbon nanotube; wetting transitions

• ; Introduction In general, the surface morphology [1] is a crucial parameter for the fabrication of artificial hydrophobic surfaces and may be enhanced especially by hierarchical [2][3][4][5][6][7] and fractal structures [7][8], possibly allowing for the formation of air pockets to further impede the penetration

Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes

• Julia M. Tan,
• Jhi Biau Foo,
• Sharida Fakurazi and
• Mohd Zobir Hussein

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 243–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.23

• agglomeration of cells with CNTs [32]. This is because CNTs tend to agglomerate into bundle-like clusters due to their hydrophobic surfaces, therefore, the growth of cells can be inhibited by the CNT agglomerates at high concentration. In order to elucidate the cell interaction with the nanohybrid, further

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• ]. This makes BNNTs useful additives to increase stability against the oxidation of surfaces [4]. Due to their highly hydrophobic character, BNNTs were also used to prepare super hydrophobic surfaces [8][9]. A hydrophobic surface was prepared by the synthesis of BNNTs on the surface of a stainless steel

Aquatic versus terrestrial attachment: Water makes a difference

• Petra Ditsche and
• Adam P. Summers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2424–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.252

• viridula can walk under water [43]. This beetle develops higher adhesive forces on hydrophobic surfaces compared to hydrophilic ones. The hydrophobic setose pads of the beetle hold air under water, so if it encounters hydrophobic surfaces the contact interface gets de-wetted, but not on hydrophilic

• decrease in attachment forces were measured on hydrophobic surfaces under dry and wet conditions [29]. Viscous forces and Stefan adhesion In the late 1800’s Stefan proposed a closed form solution to the problem of separating two rigid plates in a fluid [44]. If the plates are pulled away from each other in

Controlling the dispersion of supported polyoxometalate heterogeneous catalysts: impact of hybridization and the role of hydrophilicity–hydrophobicity balance and supramolecularity

• Gijo Raj,
• Colas Swalus,
• Eglantine Arendt,
• Pierre Eloy,
• Michel Devillers and
• Eric M. Gaigneaux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1749–1759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.185

• ) phosphomolybdic [P2Mo18O62]6− anions deposited on mica (hydrophilic), and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) (hydrophobic) surfaces. Next, the supramolecular organization of the organic–inorganic hybrid materials formed from the association of POM anions and dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DODA) is

• hybrid material is deposited on freshly cleaved mica. Finally, a UV–ozone treatment of the hybrid material allows one to obtain highly dispersed isolated POM entities on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. The hybridization strategy to prevent the clustering of POMs on various supports would

• hybrid materials, with their organization having mostly been investigated on hydrophobic surfaces [17] or in bulk [19]. However, a clear understanding of their structure and molecular assembly as a function of the hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature of the substrate is absolutely necessary for further

Hydrophobic interaction governs unspecific adhesion of staphylococci: a single cell force spectroscopy study

• Nicolas Thewes,
• Peter Loskill,
• Philipp Jung,
• Henrik Peisker,
• Markus Bischoff,
• Mathias Herrmann and
• Karin Jacobs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1501–1512, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.163

• ), which explains the present results. What is the difference of bacterial adhesion to hydrophilic or hydrophobic surfaces? Adhesion is the sum of all forces between the interacting partners. In our case, van der Waals and electrostatic forces as well as forces due to the hydrophobic interaction are

• parallel and simultaneous stretching of cell wall proteins tethered to the surface as the piezo retracts [25][30]. Proteins are known to adsorb differently to hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces since the hydrophobic interaction can induce intramolecular conformational transitions and change the

• ) cannot be excluded and it will depend on the hydrophobicity of these components. However, proteins will play the key role in adhesion to hydrophobic surfaces due to their strong hydrophobic parts. Therefore, we will only talk about cell wall proteins in the following, but are aware of the fact that also

Characterization and photocatalytic study of tantalum oxide nanoparticles prepared by the hydrolysis of tantalum oxo-ethoxide Ta₈(μ₃-O)₂(μ-O)₈(μ-OEt)₆(OEt)₁₄

• Subia Ambreen,
• N D Pandey,
• Peter Mayer and
• Ashutosh Pandey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1082–1090, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.121

• manner that their hydrophobic surfaces point toward the solvent and render colloidal stability and uniformity of the particles in organic solvents [23]. The TOPO coated particles suspended in chloroform were precipitated by adding excess methanol followed by centrifuging at 2000 rpm and re-dispersed in

The study of surface wetting, nanobubbles and boundary slip with an applied voltage: A review

• Yunlu Pan,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1042–1065, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.117

• drag of liquid flow. The study of the influence of the applied voltage on the surface wettability, surface charge, nanobubbles and boundary slip is important and necessary for the minimization of the drag of liquid flow. On some hydrophobic surfaces, the fluid velocity near the solid surface is not

• average diameter of nanobubble in saline 1 and saline 2 were found to be larger. It has been reported that nanobubble formation on hydrophobic surfaces is dependent on the gas saturation of the liquid [81][82]. Van Limbeek and Seddon reported the dramatic effect of the gas type on the nanobubble size [83

Insect attachment on crystalline bioinspired wax surfaces formed by alkanes of varying chain lengths

• Elena Gorb,
• Sandro Böhm,
• Nadine Jacky,
• Louis-Philippe Maier,
• Kirstin Dening,
• Sasha Pechook,
• Boaz Pokroy and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1031–1041, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.116

• flexibility of one of the contact partners (substrate or probe). Conclusion By using n-alkanes of varying chain lengths, we obtained highly hydrophobic surfaces with wax coatings composed of crystals having similar shapes, but differing in size and distribution/density. Insect attachment on these substrates

Nanoscopic surfactant behavior of the porin MspA in aqueous media

• Ayomi S. Perera,
• Hongwang Wang,
• Tej B. Shrestha,
• Deryl L. Troyer and
• Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 278–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.30

• formation. Then the change in the chemical potential (Δμ°) during supramolecular aggregation is dependent on the transfer of MspA from the aqueous phase into the MspA-bilayer and the interaction of the head groups. The term (Δµº/kBT)transfer is negative, because the solvation of extended hydrophobic

• surfaces has a disruptive effect on the water structure. Whereas the hydrogen bond network of water around an alkane of modest length (e.g., C6H14) is not distorted significantly, the solvation of extended hydrophobic structures has a disruptive effect on the water structure because it prohibits the

Variations in the structure and reactivity of thioester functionalized self-assembled monolayers and their use for controlled surface modification

• Inbal Aped,
• Yacov Mazuz and
• Chaim N. Sukenik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 213–220, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.24

• groups allows for very hydrophobic surfaces to be transformed into very hydrophilic, sulfonic acid-bearing, surfaces. Systematic variation in the length of the polymethylene chain has also allowed us to examine how imbedding reaction sites at various depths in a densely packed monolayer changes their

Self-assembled monolayers and titanium dioxide: From surface patterning to potential applications

• Yaron Paz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 845–861, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.94

• surfaces having predesigned geometries that differ in at least one specific property. These properties can be chemical, electronic, optic, acoustic, etc. One of the most popular contrast mechanisms is the contrast between hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces, in particular since it can be utilized for

Biomimetics inspired surfaces for drag reduction and oleophobicity/philicity

• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 66–84, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.9

• no-slip boundary condition (Figure 2, left) [25][26]. However, for hydrophobic surfaces, fluid film exhibits a phenomenon known as slip, which means that the fluid velocity near the solid surface is not equal to the velocity of the solid surface (Figure 2, right) [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. The

• experiments with surface force apparatus (SFA) [34][35][36], atomic force microscopy (AFM) [32][33][37], and particle image velocimetry (PIV) [38] techniques have reported slip lengths on hydrophobic surfaces: No slip was observed on hydrophilic surfaces [34][36][37][38][39][40]. Theoretical studies [41][42

• ][43][44] and experimental studies [33][45][46][47] suggest that the presence of nanobubbles at the solid-liquid interface is responsible for boundary slip on hydrophobic surfaces. Roughness-induced superoleophobicity The surface tension of oil and organic liquids is lower than that of water, so to