Nanoparticle interactions with live cells: Quantitative fluorescence microscopy of nanoparticle size effects

• Li Shang,
• Karin Nienhaus,
• Xiue Jiang,
• Linxiao Yang,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Volker Mailänder,
• Thomas Simmet and
• G. Ulrich Nienhaus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2388–2397, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.248

• . By using spinning disk confocal microscopy in combination with quantitative image analysis, we studied the time courses of NP association with the cell membrane and subsequent internalization. NPs with diameters of less than 10 nm were observed to accumulate at the plasma membrane before being

Coating with luminal gut-constituents alters adherence of nanoparticles to intestinal epithelial cells

• Heike Sinnecker,
• Katrin Ramaker and
• Andreas Frey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2308–2315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.239

• cells was analyzed via fluorescence microscopy (Figure 2). Quantitative results were obtained by comparing fluorescence intensities using image analysis software, whereby values obtained with untreated NPs (control without protein pretreatment) were set to 100% fluorescence intensity. We found that, in

Data-adaptive image-denoising for detecting and quantifying nanoparticle entry in mucosal tissues through intravital 2-photon microscopy

• Torsten Bölke,
• Lisa Krapf,
• Regina Orzekowsky-Schroeder,
• Tobias Vossmeyer,
• Jelena Dimitrijevic,
• Horst Weller,
• Anna Schüth,
• Antje Klinger,
• Gereon Hüttmann and
• Andreas Gebert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2016–2025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.210

• least in dark image areas, only very few photons are collected per pixel. This unavoidably leads to a low SNR, which not only affects further data interpretation by human observers, but also deteriorates the efficiency of automated processing, segmentation and image analysis [2][3][4]. In our approach

• the modified BM3D algorithm considerably facilitates the perception of the nanoparticles by the human observer (compare d to d′) and allows for automated image analysis to be applied to denoised 2PM images. Bar = 5 µm. Intravital 2-photon microscopy of the gut mucosa (lower right corner) and quantum

A reproducible number-based sizing method for pigment-grade titanium dioxide

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Manfred Kluwig and
• Thomas Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1815–1822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.192

• lacking. By using the example of titanium dioxide, this paper shows that both necessities are well met by the sophisticated counting algorithm presented here, which is based on the imaging of polished sections of embedded particles and subsequent automated image analysis. The data presented demonstrate

• that the typical difficulties of sizing processes are overcome by the proposed method of sample preparation and image analysis. In other words, a robust, reproducible and statistically reliable method is presented, which leads to a number-based size distribution of pigment-grade titanium dioxide, for

The surface properties of nanoparticles determine the agglomeration state and the size of the particles under physiological conditions

• Christoph Bantz,
• Olga Koshkina,
• Thomas Lang,
• Hans-Joachim Galla,
• C. James Kirkpatrick,
• Roland H. Stauber and
• Michael Maskos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1774–1786, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.188

• image analysis, the radius of the silica particles was estimated to be 15.4 ± 2.2 nm (±14%, analysis of over 100 particles) and the radius of the POS particles was estimated to be 7.8 ± 1.3 nm (±17%, analysis of over 60 particles). For a more reliable size determination from TEM images, more

• sophisticated analysis routines should be applied. Specifically, this should include the analysis of more particles (>500) and, if possible, an automated image analysis to increase reproducibility [76]. The silica particles are found either as single particles or in smaller groups, whereas the siloxane

Different endocytotic uptake mechanisms for nanoparticles in epithelial cells and macrophages

• Dagmar A. Kuhn,
• Dimitri Vanhecke,
• Benjamin Michen,
• Fabian Blank,
• Peter Gehr,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1625–1636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.174

• an acceleration voltage of 75 kV and equipped with a Morada CCD digital camera (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). Size distributions of both PS particle types were obtained by image analysis using Fiji software. Thereby, images were converted to binary images by automated thresholding (default threshold) and

Precise quantification of silica and ceria nanoparticle uptake revealed by 3D fluorescence microscopy

• Adriano A. Torrano and
• Christoph Bräuchle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1616–1624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.173

• combines the advantages of confocal fluorescence microscopy with fast and precise semi-automatic image analysis. In this work we present how this method was applied to investigate the impact of 310 nm silica nanoparticles on human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) in comparison to a cancer cell line

• unusual uptake behavior could be cell division. Keywords: ceria nanoparticles; fluorescence microscopy; image analysis; nanotoxicology; silica nanoparticles; Introduction Measuring the interaction between nanoparticles and cells is a mandatory step for the investigation of nanoparticles designed for

• automatic image analysis. This method is called Particle_in_Cell-3D and was described in detail in a previous publication [5]. In this work we briefly describe Particle_in_Cell-3D and present how it was successfully applied to precisely quantify the cellular uptake of silica and ceria nanoparticles. Silica

The protein corona protects against size- and dose-dependent toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles

• Dominic Docter,
• Christoph Bantz,
• Dana Westmeier,
• Hajo J. Galla,
• Qiangbin Wang,
• James C. Kirkpatrick,
• Peter Nielsen,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.151

• living cells, image analysis and presentation were performed as described in detail in [53]. Measurement of cell viability Cell viability was determined by using the electric sensing zone method (CASY® TT Cell Counter; Schärfe SystemGmbH, Reutlingen, Germany) or by the mitochondria-dependent reduction of

Dry friction of microstructured polymer surfaces inspired by snake skin

• Martina J. Baum,
• Lars Heepe,
• Elena Fadeeva and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1091–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.122

• Instruments) was used to obtain AFM images and NanoWizard® image processing software 3.3.25 was applied to extract 3D surface profiles. The variables of microstructured surfaces were measured from digital images by means of the image analysis software SigmaScanPro 5.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). Frictional

Insect attachment on crystalline bioinspired wax surfaces formed by alkanes of varying chain lengths

• Elena Gorb,
• Sandro Böhm,
• Nadine Jacky,
• Louis-Philippe Maier,
• Kirstin Dening,
• Sasha Pechook,
• Boaz Pokroy and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1031–1041, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.116

• samples were measured from digital images using the image analysis software SigmaScan Pro 5.0.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The topography of wax surfaces was examined using the AFM (Typ NanoWizard, JPK Instruments AG, Berlin, Germany). On each sample, areas of 5 μm × 5 μm were scanned in intermittent

One pot synthesis of silver nanoparticles using a cyclodextrin containing polymer as reductant and stabilizer

• Arkadius Maciollek and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 380–385, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.44

• a Phillips EM420 (Fa. FEI) microscope at 120 kV. The electron diffraction patternwas recorded for the selected area. The particle size and size distribution was determined by image analysis using AxioVision LE64 software. Turbidity experiments were performed on a Tepper cloud point photometer TP1

Friction behavior of a microstructured polymer surface inspired by snake skin

• Martina J. Baum,
• Lars Heepe and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 83–97, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.8

• (Ra) of molds was measured with a white light interferometer (New View 6000, ZygoLOT, Darmstadt, Germany). For metrologic characterization of the surface microstructures, the image analysis software SigmaScanPro 5.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA) was used. Roughness (Ra) perpendicular to the lines of the

Atomic force microscopy recognition of protein A on Staphylococcus aureus cell surfaces by labelling with IgG–Au conjugates

• Elena B. Tatlybaeva,
• Hike N. Nikiyan,
• Alexey S. Vasilchenko and
• Dmitri G. Deryabin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 743–749, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.84

• bacterial cell surfaces by using colloidal gold nanoparticles as labels (Figure 4a). A moderate heterogeneity of the dimensional characteristics of the IgG–Au conjugates was revealed by AFM image analysis. Thus, conjugates were found both as single, spherically shaped objects, 80 ± 12 nm in size, and

Characterization of electroforming-free titanium dioxide memristors

• John Paul Strachan,
• J. Joshua Yang,
• L. A. Montoro,
• C. A. Ospina,
• A. J. Ramirez,
• A. L. D. Kilcoyne,
• Gilberto Medeiros-Ribeiro and
• R. Stanley Williams

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 467–473, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.55

• . However, BF image analysis indicated that the Pt grains from the top electrode are larger than those of the bottom electrode, as seen in Figure 5a and Figure 5b. These grain size distributions were observed to be uniform within the junction, roughly 20 μm away at the Si3N4 window edge, and over the Si

Ni nanocrystals on HOPG(0001): A scanning tunnelling microscope study

• Michael Marz,
• Keisuke Sagisaka and
• Daisuke Fujita

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 406–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.48

• prevent uncontrolled pick-up of the clusters, resulting in roughly 30 min scanning time per image. Analysis of the STM data was performed by using the software Gwyddion (http://gwyddion.net/). In order to determine the cross sections parallel to the fast raster direction, raw data were used. The cluster

Porous polymer coatings as substrates for the formation of high-fidelity micropatterns by quill-like pens

• Michael Hirtz,
• Marcus Lyon,
• Wenqian Feng,
• Andrea E. Holmes,
• Harald Fuchs and
• Pavel A. Levkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 377–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.44

• were recorded with 3 s exposure. Image analysis: To obtain the size distribution of the spotted features, fluorescent microscopy images were analysed with ImageJ [16][17]. The images were first converted into black and white by a threshold filter, and then spot sizes were obtained by particle analyses

Moisture harvesting and water transport through specialized micro-structures on the integument of lizards

• Philipp Comanns,
• Christian Effertz,
• Florian Hischen,
• Konrad Staudt,
• Wolfgang Böhme and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 204–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.24

• % (w/v) Ponceau S Red and the behaviour of the droplet observed by a Canon camera using the video mode. The image analysis was performed using the software GIMP (version 2.6.8) which allows for the automatic recognition of the red colour and for morphometric measurements. For production of epoxy