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Search for "mechanisms" in Full Text gives 705 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
Intermodal coupling spectroscopy of mechanical modes in microcantilevers
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 123–132, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.13
- symmetry than not. This does not exclude the possibility that some mode combinations do exhibit asymmetric coupling mechanisms. Beyond the assumed interaction Hamiltonian, terms of different orders might apply. During our investigation, nonlinear interactions were observed and presented in Figure 5 as the
Characterisation of a micrometer-scale active plasmonic element by means of complementary computational and experimental methods
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 110–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.12
- a LIA. This also provides great insight into nanomechanical thermal interactions. Knowledge of both physical parameters, the optical response, and heating allows cross-verification and understanding of the underlying mechanisms causing changes in the active plasmonic element. The FEM simulation
Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11
- . coli has also been observed by Akinsiku et al. [56], who determined that the sensitivity to silver varies by a factor of 5 between clinical isolates of E. coli and C. albicans. The mechanisms leading to this difference do not seem to have been elucidated so far. However, some hypotheses can be put
Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5
- the robustness of the superconductivity in a specific material. For a standard BCS s-wave type-II superconductor, Werthamer, Helfand, and Hohenberg (WHH) have calculated the temperature dependence of the critical field [19]. In this model, two mechanisms are responsible for the breaking of the
The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3
- the need to use a comprehensive approach in theoretical studies, since the behavior of different phases is often described by different models or state equations [4]. Another reason is that phase transformation mechanisms originate at the nanoscale and atomic levels [5][6], where observation and
- studies of magnetic properties and nanofilm deposition mechanisms, the substrate temperature was maintained using a Nose–Hoover thermostat. Thus, at the initial stage of studying magnetic characteristics, the spin behavior of only cobalt atoms was analyzed for two calculation variants. In the first case
Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1
- different processes to develop AWH such as condensing and collecting moisture, cooling ambient air below its dew point [10][11], and using chemical and physical processes involving absorption and adsorption [9][12][13]. Many of these mechanisms are inspired by structures found in nature (biomimetic designs
Observation of collective excitation of surface plasmon resonances in large Josephson junction arrays
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1578–1588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.132
- ][15]. However, the ability to individually switch JJs in very large arrays allows us to observe those effects with an unprecedented clarity. This facilitates unambiguous interpretation of synchronization and emission mechanisms from such arrays, in which JJs are indirectly coupled via a common
- resonator. Combining our results with earlier observations, we can make the following conclusions on the mechanisms of formation of collective resonant steps, emission, and synchronization in large JJ arrays: (I) The mechanism for the formation of resonant steps in the I–V is similar to that behind Shapiro
In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124
- compounds act as reducing agents, as well as to changes in the shape, size, and size distribution of the resulting Ag nanoparticles. Cytotoxic behavior It has been reported that several cytotoxic mechanisms of AgNPs can cause DNA, mitochondrial, and cell membrane damage as well as apoptosis [44]. Here, the
- metalloproteinases (MMPs), the activity of which is favored by reactive species, and they have been shown to be directly involved in death mechanisms such as apoptosis, causing damage at the cell membrane level. In contrast, in monocytes, which are also high in MMPs, their activation mechanism is largely dependent
Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118
- the complex pathogenic mechanisms of cancer, synergistic PTT with two or more PTAs that suppress tumor cells via different pathways is an appealing strategy to treat cancer. Yu et al. coated prussian blue (PB) on NaNdF4 nanoparticles to fabricate core–shell nanocomplexes with improved photothermal
Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109
- environmental restoration and energy conversion is photocatalysis powered by solar light. Traditional photocatalysts have limited practical uses due to inadequate light absorption, charge separation, and unknown reaction mechanisms. Discovering new visible-light photocatalysts and investigating their
- sample synthesized at pH 4 demonstrated outstanding visible-light photocatalytic performance regarding the degradation of RhB. This was due to the low thickness, exposed (001) facets, and an appropriate number of oxygen vacancies. This work proposed that revolutionary photoexcitation mechanisms were
- oxidation and breakdown of the pollutant during the photocatalytic reaction. One of the most popular ways to create an effective heterojunction structure is by combining two semiconductors with matching band alignment. When it comes to understanding the mechanisms behind the enhanced photocatalytic
Bending and punching characteristics of aluminum sheets using the quasi-continuum method
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.108
- produce high-precision workpieces with complex features and smooth surfaces [18][19][20][21]. However, comparing with a large number of studies exploring various mechanisms related to nano-cutting, there is less research focused on the issues of the nano-punching process. Therefore, in the present study
- , we will focus on characteristics and mechanisms that may influence the nano-punching process. Because of the size effect and atomic adhesion between the punch and the workpiece, the nano-punching process may present different behaviors in comparison to the conventional punching process. Besides
Growing up in a rough world: scaling of frictional adhesion and morphology of the Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1292–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.107
- Animals attach to surfaces in numerous ways, including claws, suction, and both wet and dry adhesion. In fact, some animals can utilize multiple attachment mechanisms [1][2], leading to multifunctionality across surfaces of varying roughness. Dry adhesion is found in many invertebrates and squamate
- relevant variables. The ability of geckos to adhere to smooth surfaces has fascinated scientists since Aristotle, and has been followed by countless studies focused on uncovering the mechanisms of gecko adhesion, from as early as the 1800’s [6][7][8][9][10] to modern investigations (reviewed in [3]). Like
- ability. This suggests that there are other underlying mechanisms that contribute to clinging ability apart from pad area. Adhesive pad area across climbing taxa spans seven orders of magnitude and scales with positive allometry [44] but, after accounting for size and phylogeny, toepad area scaled with
Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106
- is the relative permittivity of t-Te [36]. Considering both TA and NNH conduction mechanisms, it is possible to extract some of the abovementioned parameters by fitting the resistivity data of NW-1 and NW-2 (Figure 5) with ρ(T) = 1/[σTA(T) + σNNH(T)]. This model explains well our NW-1 and NW-2 data
Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103
- employed to explore the reaction mechanisms, energetics and the role of the organic precursors on the growth of hybrid films [24][39][40][41]. DFT studies show that the aliphatic diol precursors, namely EG and GL, when combined with TMA, undergo double reactions, binding with the surface fragments through
Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100
- QCM system, which include organic molecules, supermolecular assemblies, inorganic nanostructures, and metal surfaces. The sensing mechanisms based on these surface nanostructures and the related potentials for chiral detection by the QCM system are also summarized. Keywords: assembled nanostructure
- evaluated. The recognition mechanisms may also be studied by combining QCM with other techniques. Sensing layers by chiral biomolecules As chiral recognitions are fundamental phenomena in biology, biomolecules of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids are ideal chiral selectors. They have been extensively
Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99
- appropriate device design that satisfies the carrier transport requirements. In previous reviews, the physical mechanisms of solid–liquid interactions and MEGs have been systematically discussed [6][32][33], but there is no comprehensive summary of the various types of nanomaterials and nanoarchitectonics
- ) [93]. A variety of power generation mechanisms to improve the output power have practical value, and the self-powered bias layer of MEGs may contribute to improving the output power in the future. Conclusion MEGs are based on the direct utilization of fluid potential energy in nanoarchitectonics and
- mechanisms of solids and liquids at the nanoscale to fundamentally investigate the possibility of increasing the output power of MEGs. MEGs have great potential for applications as power generators for wearable self-powered pressure sensors, respiratory monitors, motion detectors, power sources for small
Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98
- Abstract Eye diseases and injuries constitute a significant clinical problem worldwide. Safe and effective delivery of drugs to the eye is challenging mostly due to the presence of ocular barriers and clearance mechanisms. In everyday practice, the traditional eye drops, gels and ointments are most often
- [166]. In pressure-driven systems, a reservoir with different pumping mechanisms is attached to the microneedle systems. Usually, manually operated syringes are reported [167][168], as well as micropumps [169] or actuator-equipped devices designed for self-injection [170]. In coated microneedles the
A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95
- at a reasonably high resonance (several tens or hundreds of kilohertz) is best obtained with microfabricated thin cantilevers. A low cantilever thickness is further beneficial for the support loss quality factor (which is one of the relevant energy loss terms describing different mechanisms
Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93
Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi2O3 nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91
- , P13) are further oxidized and eventually evolve into possible small molecular intermediates such as (P14 m/z 116), Cl−, CO2, and H2O [60]. Proposed charge-transfer mechanism To explore charge-transfer mechanisms, the main active species involved in degradation of CTC catalyzed by BOM-20 was
- HOMO potentials of MIL101(Fe), respectively, which suggests that possible charge-transfer mechanisms on the interface of Bi2O3/MIL101(Fe) heterojunction may be conventional type-II charge transfer or Z-scheme charge transfer. For the type-II charge-transfer mechanism, photogenerated electrons (e−) tend
Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85
- been achieved [3][4]). Also, in the last decade, considerable efforts have been devoted to determine the type of magnetic interaction (paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, or antiferromagnetic) and the microscopic mechanisms responsible for the magnetism in doped magnetic oxides (DMO) [5]. Several experimental
- large set of DMO. It is thus important to investigate other types of dopants in DMO or other types of oxide matrices doped with transition metals. Oxygen vacancies play a fundamental role in the aforementioned microscopic mechanisms since an excess or lack of oxygen vacancies with respect to their
Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84
- that anti-adhesive properties minimize adhesion of resins and propolis to their body parts. Various anti-adhesive strategies have been found in nature. Different mechanisms can lead to low adhesion. Possible strategies to reduce adhesion on the insect cuticle, as suggested in [16], are specific surface
- for the low adhesion. Possible mechanisms to reduce adhesion could be surface microstructures, an easy-to-break solid layer preventing strong bonding, or a fluid layer providing cohesion failure [16]. The adhesion on mandibles stored in the freezer for a longer period was higher than on those freshly
Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81
- including reproduction, growth and settlement, dynamic attachment during locomotion, self-healing, protection against as well as attachment of microbes, and prey hunting [1][2][3][4][5][6]. A variety of different adhesion mechanisms exist to manage the different challenges of interfacial adhesion. In turn
- and adhesion mechanisms of various CAM can be found in dedicated reviews [9][10][12][13]. Cadherins are associated with cell–cell adhesive interactions in solid tissues and are involved in processes such as embryonic development, formation of the epithelial layers of the skin and intestine, and axonal
- of bio-inspired selective surface modifications The increasing knowledge on natural receptor–ligand binding mechanisms led to various approaches in the last years to increase both cellular adhesion on surfaces of biomaterials and biosensors, as well as for therapeutic drug carrier systems against
Micro-structures, nanomechanical properties and flight performance of three beetles with different folding ratios
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 845–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.75
- (FWMAVs) are increasingly favored by scientists worldwide for their excellent flight performance due to unsteady aerodynamic mechanisms in the low Reynolds number range [8][9][10]. In the application of MAVs, flapping wings are becoming more common [11]. Deployable FWMAVs make MAVs smaller in size
- insects in flight and to imitate the flight of insects [14][15]. Insect wings play a major role here. Hence, examining their flight parameters is crucially important to design biomimetic FMAVs [16][17]. It is increasingly clear that most insects obtain useful force with the help of aerodynamic mechanisms
- deployable FWMAVs [16][26]. Rapidly deployable wings based on the design of origami mechanisms [27] and foldable artificial wings imitating Allomyrina dichotoma have opened up new prospects for foldable structures in MAVs [28]. The folding pattern and geometric and kinematic parameters of beetle hind wings
Hierachical epicuticular wax coverage on leaves of Deschampsia antarctica as a possible adaptation to severe environmental conditions
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 807–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.71
- ., structural characteristics that leaves of plants growing under arid conditions have in common in order to drastically lessen the water loss from leaves and are, therefore, classed as adaptational mechanisms to withstand drought [42]). Such leaf characteristics as small epidermal cells, high cell density per
- adaptations in the plant adapted to low temperatures of Antarctica, but also about possible strategies of anti-icing coatings of technical surfaces. Future detailed experimental studies on D. antarctica can provide more reliable information on the functional mechanisms behind the specific wax coverage in this
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