Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• their model for “Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones”. The challenge of harvesting water directly from air of varying humidity is a tantalizing one. There are several biological examples in both the animal and plant kingdoms which could serve as archetypes for

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

• Fernanda R. Leivas and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

• Fernanda R. Leivas Marcia C. Barbosa Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15051, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil 10.3762/bjnano.14.1 Abstract In this work, we propose a method to harvest liquid water from water vapor using carbon nanocones. The condensation

• the surface functionalization is properly selected. Keywords: atmospheric water harvesting; hydrophilicity; hydrophobicity; nanocones; nanotechnology; Introduction Despite water being abundant on Earth, there are at least four billion people suffering from water scarcity [1]. The lack of potable

• makes the process energetically costly. A geometry that combines a large surface for capturing water and a small radius for making water molecules flow fast is the nanocone. Carbon nanocones (CNCs), also called nanohorns are conical structures that are predominantly made of carbon, typically 2–5 nm in

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

• nanofabrication tasks. For example, irradiation of silicon substrates has been used to pattern raised lines, achieving a half-pitch down to 3.5 nm [94] (Figure 3e, top). In the same study, 3D nanopyramids and nanocones rising from the silicon surface were also created, achieved by dosing a series of concentric

Revisiting semicontinuous silver films as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates

• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Małgorzata Norek,
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz and
• Piotr Nyga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1048–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.105

• via various structuring methods. Electron beam lithography allows fabrication of planar [21] and 3D metallic structures [22]. Nanosphere lithography can be used to obtain nanotriangles [23] and nanocones [24]. Much attention has been also given to the deposition of metal onto nano- and micro

Localized photodeposition of catalysts using nanophotonic resonances in silicon photocathodes

• Evgenia Kontoleta,
• Sven H. C. Askes,
• Lai-Hung Lai and
• Erik C. Garnett

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2097–2105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.198

• plasmas with 110 nm diameter SiO2 spheres being used as etch mask. Tuning the ratio of the HBr/O2 plasmas allowed for vertical nanowires with variable sidewall tapering angle (see details in Experimental section and Figure S1, Supporting Information File 1). Vertical nanocones (height ≈ 720 nm, top

• diameter ≈ 60 nm, bottom diameter ≈ 160 nm, angle ≈ 15°), inverted nanocones (height ≈ 1 μm, top diameter ≈ 70 nm, base diameter ≈ 120 nm and smallest diameter ≈ 60 nm) and nanowires (height ≈ 790 nm, diameter ≈ 80 nm) were fabricated here and subsequently used to tune the distribution of photogenerated

• nanostructure. Silicon nanocones confine light mostly at the top of the structure at 532 nm (Figure 2b) in contrast to an excitation at 638 nm, where most of the light is absorbed at the bottom of the cone (Figure 2c). In the case of inverted nanocones, light is concentrated primarily at the bottom for both

A novel copper precursor for electron beam induced deposition

• Caspar Haverkamp,
• George Sarau,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Ivo Utke,
• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Silke Christiansen and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.113

• spectrum of FEBID nanocones. Results and Discussion Pads with different deposition times were fabricated and their heights were measured by atomic force microscopy, cf. Figure 1a and Figure 1b. The deposition current was measured to be 7 nA. Other deposition parameters are 15 keV primary beam energy, 10 μs

• of 8 × 8 nanocones with a distance of 400 nm and a base diameter of 80 nm (Figure 5a). It was fabricated using 50 pA beam current and a dwell time of 8 seconds for each cone. The scattering intensity was measured by dark-field reflection spectroscopy and compared to FDTD simulations. Figure 5b shows

• copper helix with three pitches (b) deposited on glass covered with 50 nm ITO, the scale of (a) and (b) is the same. (c + d) Transmission electron micrographs of a copper pillar. Visible is the typical FEBID structure of copper particles embedded in an amorphous matrix. (a) Array of 8 × 8 nanocones with

Formation and shape-control of hierarchical cobalt nanostructures using quaternary ammonium salts in aqueous media

• Ruchi Deshmukh,
• Anurag Mehra and
• Rochish Thaokar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 494–505, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.53

• mechanism, based on hydroxide ion-assisted nanocone formation, has been reported [26], wherein the growth of the nanocones is initiated by a screw dislocation present on the copper substrate. Also, chains composed of microplates [27] have been formed by using mixed solvents such as ethylene glycol and

Customized MFM probes with high lateral resolution

• Óscar Iglesias-Freire,
• Miriam Jaafar,
• Eider Berganza and
• Agustina Asenjo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1068–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.100

• growth on commercial pyramid tips [9]. Although good control in terms of angle and position can be achieved when attaching CNTs to Si tips by using nanomanipulators [10], it requires sophisticated and time-consuming processes. Other approaches use magnetic nanowires [11] or coated carbon nanocones [12

Filling of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres

• Reece D. Gately and
• Marc in het Panhuis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 508–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.53

• structures. In order to ease the complexity that surrounds all of these possible structures, the nomenclature proposed by Suares-Martinez et al. shall be used for the most part [21]. The structures that have been observed include: hollow- and filled-core, stacked nanocones; partitioned, stacked nanocones

• produced by catalytic thermal chemical vapour deposition using a floating catalyst, henceforth referred to as vapour-grown CNFs (VGCNFs) [24]. This technique can be used to produce partitioned, stacked nanocones or partitioned nanotubes. VGCNFs are produced (depending on the structure of the catalyst) with

Characterization and properties of micro- and nanowires of controlled size, composition, and geometry fabricated by electrodeposition and ion-track technology

• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 860–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.97

• electrodeposition conditions were studied in order to obtain mechanically stable nanocones with good electrical contact to the substrate. Electrodeposition by using a CuSO4-based electrolyte in a two electrode configuration, with U = −40 mV leads to a slow growth rate, resulting in a large uniform array of

• and solid contact interface of the copper nanocones resulted in much higher emission current values as compared to all previously tested metallic cylindrical nanowires [115][117]. 3.3 Nanowire networks Implementation of nanowire cathodes in fields such as energy harvesting, sensing, or catalysis

Fabrication of multi-parametric platforms based on nanocone arrays for determination of cellular response

• Lindarti Purwaningsih,
• Tobias Schoen,
• Tobias Wolfram,
• Claudia Pacholski and
• Joachim P. Spatz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 545–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.58

• nanocones with gold tips. By using a combination of block copolymer nanolithography, electroless deposition, and reactive ion etching several parameters such as structure height and structure distance could easily be adjusted to the desired values. The gold tips allow for easy functionalization of the

• fabrication of the desired topography and chemical functionality (gold on top of the nanocones). To increase the size of the gold nanoparticles, electroless deposition (ED) was used (Scheme 1b) resulting in the generation of nanocone arrays with tuneable topographic features. Electroless deposition is an

• (Scheme 1c). The etching process was controlled in such a way that gold particles remained on top of the nanocones, in order to provide easily accessible anchor points for biological molecules (Scheme 1d). As expected, the nanostructure height could be controlled by choosing the appropriate etching time