Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• : endothelial leakiness; metal nanoparticles; NanoEL; nanotoxicity; vascular permeability; Review Introduction The vascular barrier is a highly selective boundary between blood and tissues. Its proper functioning is essential to maintaining homeostasis of the whole organism. Formed from mesodermal endothelial

• nanotechnology and the use of nanoparticles as drugs, researchers have faced new problems, such as nanotoxicity and pathological consequences of their use. Therefore, knowledge about mechanisms and consequences of endothelial leakiness (NanoEL) caused by nanoparticles is crucial to develop effective and safe

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• ), sensitivity, and moderate body size make Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode) [45] an ideal model organism to study environmental nanotoxicity at the nanoscale level. C. elegans was used as a model organism to evaluate the impact of an exposure to a 50–100 mg/L dose of graphite, graphite oxide nanoplatelets, and

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• . Keywords: biocompatibility; cysteine; ecotoxicity; glutathione; nano–bio interactions; nanosafety; nanotoxicity; Introduction Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) such as silver and gold have been employed in a wide range of products and applications in the biomedical field owing to their remarkable physico

Comparative biological effects of spherical noble metal nanoparticles (Rh, Pd, Ag, Pt, Au) with 4–8 nm diameter

• Alexander Rostek,
• Marina Breisch,
• Kevin Pappert,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Marc Heggen,
• Manfred Köller,
• Christina Sengstock and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2763–2774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.258

• , palladium, platinum, gold) that do not release ions are not cytotoxic under these conditions. Keywords: cytotoxicity; electron microscopy; metals; nanoparticles; nanotoxicity; Introduction Inorganic and metallic nanoparticles represent a well-established part of materials science, heterogeneous catalysis

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• reactions associated with NPs and NSMs and the regulations implemented by different countries to reduce the associated risks are also discussed. Keywords: nanomaterial classification; nanomaterial history; nanotoxicity; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species; regulations; Review Introduction

Evaluating the toxicity of TiO₂-based nanoparticles to Chinese hamster ovary cells and Escherichia coli: a complementary experimental and computational approach

• Alicja Mikolajczyk,
• Natalia Sizochenko,
• Ewa Mulkiewicz,
• Anna Malankowska,
• Michal Nischk,
• Przemyslaw Jurczak,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Grzegorz Nowaczyk,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska,
• Jerzy Leszczynski,
• Agnieszka Gajewicz and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2171–2180, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.216

• , Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Jackson State University, 39217, Jackson, MS, USA Department of Environmental Analytics, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland Department of Environmental Technology, University of Gdansk, Wita

• (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface, BET) of nanoparticles were discussed. Keywords: Au/Pd–TiO2 photocatalyst; bimetallic nanoparticles; nanotoxicity; nano-QSAR; second-generation nanoparticles; Introduction Unmodified titania (TiO2) nanoparticles (so-called first-generation NPs) represent a material that

• surface-effect patterns. Experimental findings were supported by the developed nano-QSAR model. Ultimately, the developed model is a proof that the slightest variation of the initial experimental conditions can cause non-linear changes of nanotoxicity, so appropriate experimental conditions should be

Synthesis and functionalization of NaGdF₄:Yb,Er@NaGdF₄ core–shell nanoparticles for possible application as multimodal contrast agents

• Dovile Baziulyte-Paulaviciene,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas,
• Marius Stasys,
• Greta Jarockyte,
• Vilius Poderys,
• Simas Sakirzanovas and
• Ricardas Rotomskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1815–1824, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.183

• behavior in biological systems and biocompatibility/nanotoxicity is still limited. The study of Cascales et al. showed that ultrasmall Yb:Er:NaGd(WO4)2 UCNPs could be successfully covered with Tween 80 and are internalized by human mesenchymal stem cells without triggering their metabolic activity, but

Tight junction between endothelial cells: the interaction between nanoparticles and blood vessels

• Yue Zhang and
• Wan-Xi Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 675–684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.60

• here whether nanoparticles can cause several adverse effects to human health. In this review, based on research on nanotoxicity, we mainly discuss the negative influence of nanoparticles on blood vessels in several aspects and the potential mechanism for nanoparticles to penetrate endothelial layers of

Unraveling the neurotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: focusing on molecular mechanisms

• Bin Song,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Jia Liu,
• Xiaoli Feng,
• Ting Zhou and
• Longquan Shao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 645–654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.57

• signaling pathways, dysregulated neurotransmitters and synaptic plasticity have also been shown to contribute to neurotoxicity of TiO2 NPs. Recently, studies on autophagy and DNA methylation have shed some light on possible mechanisms of nanotoxicity. Therefore, we offer a new perspective that autophagy and

• distributions of trace elements, disrupted signaling pathways, dysregulated neurotransmitters and synaptic plasticity (Table 1 and Table 2). Recent studies have reported that autophagy [9] and DNA methylation [10][11] are also involved in nanotoxicity (Table 3). Therefore, we hypothesized that autophagy and DNA

• death. Autophagy has been determined to be a potential mechanism of nanotoxicity [9][66]. However, few studies have described the relationship between neurotoxicity and nanomaterials. It was revealed that gold nanoparticles can increase the levels of autophagy-related proteins in human lung fibroblasts

An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology

• Richard L. Marchese Robinson,
• Mark T. D. Cronin,
• Andrea-Nicole Richarz and
• Robert Rallo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1978–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.202

• Rovira i Virgili, Av. Paisos Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalunya, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.6.202 Abstract Analysis of trends in nanotoxicology data and the development of data driven models for nanotoxicity is facilitated by the reporting of data using a standardised electronic format. ISA-TAB-Nano has

NanoE-Tox: New and in-depth database concerning ecotoxicity of nanomaterials

• Katre Juganson,
• Angela Ivask,
• Irina Blinova,
• Monika Mortimer and
• Anne Kahru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1788–1804, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.183

• -depth databases on ENMs. In addition, nanotoxicity-related databases are developed and supported at national level in EU. For instance, in Germany an application-based nanomaterial database, which includes information on potential toxicological effects of ENMs, has been created in the DaNa project [16

• because not all articles reporting studies on nanotoxicity to environmentally relevant organisms necessarily use terms “ecotoxic”, “ecotoxicity” or “ecotoxicology”. When performing the search, truncated names, molecular formulas and/or common abbreviations of the 8 NPs were used (Table 1). Thomson Reuters

Using natural language processing techniques to inform research on nanotechnology

• Nastassja A. Lewinski and
• Bridget T. McInnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.149

• natural language processing (NLP)-based tools were identified: NanoPort, NanoMapper, TechPerceptor, a Text Mining Framework, a Nanodevice Analyzer, a Clinical Trial Document Classifier, Nanotoxicity Searcher, NanoSifter, and NEIMiner. We conclude with recommendations for sharing NLP-related tools through

• online repositories to broaden participation in nanoinformatics. Keywords: data mining; informatics; name entity recognition; nano-informatics; nanoparticles; nanotechnology; nanotoxicity; natural language processing; text mining; Introduction Nanotechnology may still be considered a relatively new

• nanomedicines have successfully advanced from the bench to the clinic. For both developing and marketed nanomedicines, there still remain questions on the long-term safety. Two groups have developed NLP-based systems to annotate and classify nanomedicine articles or clinical trials. Nanotoxicity Searcher The

The distribution and degradation of radiolabeled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and quantum dots in mice

• Denise Bargheer,
• Artur Giemsa,
• Barbara Freund,
• Markus Heine,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Gordon M. Stachowski,
• Stephen G. Hickey,
• Alexander Eychmüller,
• Jörg Heeren and
• Peter Nielsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 111–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.11

• compare and contrast results. One important aspect in nanotoxicity evaluation is reliable information on the distribution and metabolism for each individual Qdot in vivo. To date, there exists only a limited number of comprehensive studies concerning in vivo behavior of Qdots [17][18][19]. One reason is

Intake of silica nanoparticles by giant lipid vesicles: influence of particle size and thermodynamic membrane state

• Florian G. Strobl,
• Florian Seitz,
• Christoph Westerhausen,
• Armin Reller,
• Adriano A. Torrano,
• Christoph Bräuchle,
• Achim Wixforth and
• Matthias F. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2468–2478, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.256

• field of nanotoxicity [1][2][3][4]. The uptake of nanoparticles by living cells and the related risks play a crucial role in these areas. The high efficiency of this uptake in many cases recommends the application of nanoparticles as drug carriers or contrast agents [5][6]. While it was shown that very

Precise quantification of silica and ceria nanoparticle uptake revealed by 3D fluorescence microscopy

• Adriano A. Torrano and
• Christoph Bräuchle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1616–1624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.173

• internalized by HeLa cells was twice as large as the number of particles incorporated by HUVEC cells. Quantitative determination of nanoparticle uptake with Particle_in_Cell-3D helped to show that the nanotoxicity of materials cannot be generalized and transferred from one cell type to another. Size-dependent

Current state of laser synthesis of metal and alloy nanoparticles as ligand-free reference materials for nano-toxicological assays

• Christoph Rehbock,
• Jurij Jakobi,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Selina van der Meer,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wilfried Kues,
• Detlef Rath and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1523–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.165

• dominating mechanism involved in nanotoxicity of these materials [82][83]. Next to the above specified examples on AuAg alloys [35][148] the applicability of ligand-free Au and Ag nanoparticles in reproduction biology was demonstrated. This includes effects on spermatozoa [147] as well as on embryo

The protein corona protects against size- and dose-dependent toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles

• Dominic Docter,
• Christoph Bantz,
• Dana Westmeier,
• Hajo J. Galla,
• Qiangbin Wang,
• James C. Kirkpatrick,
• Peter Nielsen,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.151

• interface in general. Keywords: biobarrier; gastrointestinal tract; high-throughput profiling; nanomedicine; nanotoxicity; Introduction Besides the wide use of nanomaterials in industrial products, biomedical applications of nanoparticles (NP) are steadily increasing [1][2][3][4][5]. However, despite

• ASP20 (Figure 3B) or ASP100 (Figure 3C). These results not only confirm the size- and dose-dependent ASP toxicity but also underline the reliability of the microscopy-based morphological assay as a convenient approach to test for nanotoxicity. Currently, high-throughput testing is actively discussed as

• predictive parameter for nanotoxicity. We found that in the absence of proteins slightly more ASPs were taken up by the Caco-2 cells compared to the incubation in the presence of proteins. The ‘physiological coating’ with proteins seems to influence the interaction of NP with the uptake machinery of the cell