A facile approach to nanoarchitectured three-dimensional graphene-based Li–Mn–O composite as high-power cathodes for Li-ion batteries

• Wenyu Zhang,
• Yi Zeng,
• Chen Xu,
• Ni Xiao,
• Yiben Gao,
• Lain-Jong Li,
• Xiaodong Chen,
• Huey Hoon Hng and
• Qingyu Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 513–523, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.59

• the counter and reference electrode and 1 M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate (1:1 v/v) as the electrolyte. All cells were tested on a NEWARE system at 4.5–3 V versus Li+/Li. All capacities were calculated based on the mass of LMO and all C-rates were calculated according to the

• theoretical capacity of 148 mAh·g−1. The electrochemical impedance was performed on the aforementioned CR2032 coin cells with lithium foil as the counter and reference electrode. All cells were measured at the fifth fully discharged state. INPHAZETM EIS system was employed to measure the electrochemical

Glassy carbon electrodes modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the determination of ascorbic acid by square-wave voltammetry

• Sushil Kumar and
• Victoria Vicente-Beckett

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 388–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.45

• electrode, platinum-wire auxiliary electrode (d = 0.5 mm), and a Ag|AgCl (leak-free) reference electrode. All potentials are reported against the Ag|AgCl reference electrode. Cyclic and square-wave voltammetric experiments were carried out at room temperature (23–25 °C) by using a MacLab potentiostat

• remove any oxides of platinum formed on its surface, immersed in 10% (v/v) nitric acid for about 30 s, rinsed thoroughly with Milli-Q water and then air dried. The reference electrode was cleaned by thoroughly rinsing the tip with Milli-Q water and then air dried. To determine the optimum concentration

Lifetime analysis of individual-atom contacts and crossover to geometric-shell structures in unstrained silver nanowires

• Christian Obermair,
• Holger Kuhn and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 740–745, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.81

• electrochemical cell. Keeping a fixed voltage bias of 12.9 mV between the two ends of the leads allowed for simultaneous measurements of the conductance of the point contact. The (quasi-)reference electrode as well as the counter electrode consisted of 0.25 mm diameter Ag wire (99.9985%). All experiments were

An MCBJ case study: The influence of π-conjugation on the single-molecule conductance at a solid/liquid interface

• Wenjing Hong,
• Hennie Valkenier,
• Gábor Mészáros,
• David Zsolt Manrique,
• Artem Mishchenko,
• Alexander Putz,
• Pavel Moreno García,
• Colin J. Lambert,
• Jan C. Hummelen and
• Thomas Wandlowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 699–713, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.76

• a laboratory-built bipotentiostat. Two custom-designed bipolar and tunable logarithmic I–V converters [53] were implemented for measuring the current of the two gold leads labeled as working electrodes WE1 and WE2. The reference electrode RE and the counter electrode CE serve to control the

Schottky junction/ohmic contact behavior of a nanoporous TiO₂ thin film photoanode in contact with redox electrolyte solutions

• Masao Kaneko,
• Hirohito Ueno and
• Junichi Nemoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 127–134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.15

• reference electrode were soaked in the aqueous redox electrolyte solution, and the MEA O2-reducing cathode mentioned in the last section was used as shown in Figure 1 so that one side is in contact with the liquid phase and the other side in contact with atmospheric air. Ar gas was bubbled into the solution

• to displace the air by Ar. For the measurement depicted in Figure 8, a cylindrical cell of 13 mL was used with a TiO2/FTO photoanode, Pt black coated Pt plate cathode, and an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Electrochemical measurements were conducted with an HZ-3000 automatic polarization system (Hokuto

• with MEA-attached Pt (1 cm × 1 cm) as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode. The light intensity was 3.5 mW·cm−2 (UV-A region). Scan rate: 100 mV·s−1. Formation of a Schottky barrier (junction) in an n-semiconductor photoanode at the interface with aqueous electron donor

Electrochemical behavior of dye-linked L-proline dehydrogenase on glassy carbon electrodes modified by multi-walled carbon nanotubes

• Haitao Zheng,
• Leyi Lin,
• Yosuke Okezaki,
• Ryushi Kawakami,
• Haruhiko Sakuraba,
• Toshihisa Ohshima,
• Keiichi Takagi and
• Shin-ichiro Suye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 135–141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.16

• electrode, a platinum wire as the counter electrode and Ag/AgCl (3 M NaCl) as the reference electrode. The GC electrodes were finely polished by 1.0 μm and 0.05 μm alumina, and cleaned by ultrasonication in Milli-Q water for 30 s before modification. Enzyme assay Recombinant dye-linked L-proDH, from