Ultrathin water layers on mannosylated gold nanoparticles

• Maiara A. Iriarte Alonso,
• Jorge H. Melillo,
• Silvina Cerveny,
• Yujin Tong and
• Alexander M. Bittner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2183–2198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.151

• measurements [24]. They form stable and well-defined organic layers on oxides, for example, on oxidized silicon wafers or glass, where surface charge and hydrophilicity are controlled by selecting the appropriate end groups. We combined all the methods mentioned to carry out AFM at variable RH levels in our

• diameter of the particles adsorbed on 3-(ethoxydimethylsilyl)propylamine (APDMES) silicon was estimated. The dimanno-AuNPs exhibited a mean size of 14.8 ± 1.6 nm (Figure 3A,C), and the size of the PEG AuNPs was 14.3 ± 1.5 nm (Figure 3B,D). The organic layers of PEG and dimannoside are transparent to

• hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces We assessed with SEM and AFM the aggregation tendency of the particles after adsorption. To this end, we determined water contact angles. The hydrophilic APDMES silicon gave 66 ± 3º. In contrast, on the hydrophobic octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) silicon, it was 92 ± 2º

The cement of the tube-dwelling polychaete Sabellaria alveolata: a complex composite adhesive material

• Emilie Duthoo,
• Aurélie Lambert,
• Pierre Becker,
• Carla Pugliese,
• Jean-Marc Baele,
• Arnaud Delfairière,
• Matthew J. Harrington and
• Patrick Flammang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1998–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.138

• ) equipped with an 80 mm2 silicon drift detector. Acquisition conditions on the SEM were 15 kV, 10 mm working distance, and 10 s live time acquisition at approximately 30–40% dead time. The spectra were acquired with an AZtec (Oxford Instrument) EDS data processing software. Transmission electron microscopy

Mechanical property measurements enabled by short-term Fourier-transform of atomic force microscopy thermal deflection analysis

• Thomas Mathias,
• Roland Bennewitz and
• Philip Egberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1952–1962, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.136

• AFM experiments on well-characterized surfaces, such as highly ordered pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), using silicon cantilevers with integrated probes. To examine the time evolution of the AFM cantilever’s oscillatory modes during an experiment, STFTs, rather than wavelet transforms, of the thermal motion

• An Agilent Keysight 5500 AFM was used in all experiments with measurements conducted under ambient laboratory conditions of 20–40% humidity. Four samples were analyzed in the experiments, namely, a silicon wafer, freshly-cleaved HOPG, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The

• mechanical properties of these samples are provided in Table 1. Silicon wafers were ultrasonicated in acetone and ethanol for 10 min each. HOPG samples were cleaved using the Scotch tape method within 30 min of beginning an experiment. Finally, the PEO and PDMS samples were not surface-treated following

Evaluating metal-organic precursors for focused ion beam-induced deposition through solid-layer decomposition analysis

• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak,
• Franciszek Krok and
• Iwona B. Szymańska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1942–1951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.135

• signal coming from the silicon substrate. Subsequently, these distinct EDX signals were employed to quantify the chemical composition of the structures using an energy-dispersive X-ray EDX ZAF method in a standardless approach. Results and Discussion The chemical compositions of the formed structures are

• content increases with Fh. It is also worth to notice that the 30 keV gallium ion range in copper and silver is almost the same (the longitudinal ranges of gallium ions as calculated by SRIM are 11.6 nm for copper, 11.0 nm for silver, and 28.6 nm for silicon). Additionally, we calculated the volume-to

• decomposition of four Cu or Ag metal-organic precursors (i.e., ([Cu2(μ-O2Ct-Bu)4] (1), [Cu2(NH2(NH=)CC2F5)2(µ-O2CC2F5)4] (2), [Cu2(µ-O2CC2F5)4] (3), and [Ag2(μ-O2CC2F5)2] (4)) exposed to 30 keV gallium FIB irradiation. Individual precursor layers were deposited onto silicon substrates via sublimation and

Low-temperature AFM with a microwave cavity optomechanical transducer

• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• August K. Roos,
• Erik Holmgren,
• Riccardo Borgani,
• Mats O. Tholén and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.130

• on a silicon substrate. Each unit cell in the pattern contains different shapes as shown in the SEM image in Figure 6a. The tapered arms of crosses and ribbons shrink to reach a nominal minimum feature size of 20 nm. Figure 6b shows a FM-AFM image of the 1 µm × 1 µm scan area corresponding to the

Ambient pressure XPS at MAX IV

• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Ulrike Küst,
• Alexander Klyushin,
• Rosemary Jones,
• Jan Knudsen,
• Robert Temperton,
• Andrey Shavorskiy and
• Esko Kokkonen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1677–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.118

• technology for the future development of smaller and more power-efficient devices. One step in this development is the replacement of silicon, which cannot reach the development goals set by international technological roadmaps [61]. A potential replacement for silicon oxide is a high-k oxide material such

• as HfO2, which allows for the creation of much smaller gate sizes. Another suggested change is to substitute the silicon channels with a III–V semiconductor material such as InAs, which, among other properties, has a narrower band gap [62]. However, one challenge to overcome with the InAs/HfO2

Venom-loaded cationic-functionalized poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles for serum production against Tityus serrulatus scorpion

• Philippe de Castro Mesquita,
• Karla Samara Rocha Soares,
• Manoela Torres-Rêgo,
• Emanuell dos Santos-Silva,
• Mariana Farias Alves-Silva,
• Alianda Maira Cornélio,
• Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa and
• Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1633–1643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.115

• desiccator for 24 h. The images were obtained with a silicon tip, operating in the attractive region of a cantilever in non-contact mode. For the FEGSEM analyzes, a drop of dispersion was placed in a microscope slide with carbon tapes and dried under a desiccator for 24 h [46]. Protein-loading efficiency The

Nanotechnology-based approaches for the removal of microplastics from wastewater: a comprehensive review

• Nayanathara O Sanjeev,
• Manjunath Singanodi Vallabha and
• Rebekah Rubidha Lisha Rabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1607–1632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.114

• , and Tx represents surface functional groups like oxygen, fluorine, hydroxy, or hydrogen. MXenes are synthesized by selective removal of A-layers with elements from group IIIA or IVA, such as aluminium or silicon, from a parent material. This process results in a nanomaterial with an expansive surface

Photocatalytic degradation of ofloxacin in water assisted by TiO₂ nanowires on carbon cloth: contributions of H₂O₂ addition and substrate absorbability

• Iram Hussain,
• Lisha Zhang,
• Zhizhen Ye and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1567–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.111

• Iram Hussain Lisha Zhang Zhizhen Ye Jin-Ming Wu State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oxide Semiconductors for

Transient electronics for sustainability: Emerging technologies and future directions

• Jae-Young Bae,
• Myung-Kyun Choi and
• Seung-Kyun Kang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1545–1556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.109

• environmental cues [37][40][41]. Perspective Expanding the material palette for biodegradable electronics The elucidation and experimental validation of the biodegradation mechanism of single-crystalline silicon [14][42][43][44] marked a significant turning point in the development of bioresorbable electronics

• , offering the potential to replace conventional high-performance silicon-based devices with transient alternatives. In aqueous environments, silicon undergoes degradation via well-defined mechanisms with the rate of dissolution being highly sensitive to external conditions [42][44]. Elevated temperatures

• and the presence of specific ions, such as hydrogen phosphate and chloride (HPO42− and Cl−) [43] are known to accelerate the degradation process. The biodegradation rate of silicon is also influenced by its crystallographic structure. Polycrystalline silicon degrades faster than single-crystalline

Influence of laser beam profile on morphology and optical properties of silicon nanoparticles formed by laser ablation in liquid

• Natalie Tarasenka,
• Vladislav Kornev,
• Alena Nevar and
• Nikolai Tarasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1533–1544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.108

• Abstract In this study, silicon nanoparticles (NPs) were produced by pulsed laser ablation in a liquid, aiming to investigate the influence of a laser beam profile on the properties of the resultant NPs. Morphology, inner structure, and phase composition of the formed NPs were characterized by means of

• morphology. The synthesized colloidal Si NPs are suggested for applications as a component of electrode materials in supercapacitors and batteries. Keywords: laser ablation; laser beams with Bessel, annular, Gaussian profiles; laser-induced modification; silicon nanoparticles; Introduction Silicon, due to

• its prominent optical and electronic properties, is the most widely used semiconductor material in many fields of microelectronics, optics, photovoltaics, and molecular sensing. Nevertheless, even despite its widespread application, the interest in silicon-based structures, especially having sizes in

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• better after spin coating than drop casting [110]. A functionalization study on SiC nanocrystals was made. SiC–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymeric nanocomposites were manufactured by adding silicon carbide NPs prepared by PLAL to PVA and thin films of the composites were prepared by spin coating on glass

• polymers, and are suitable for film fabrication using spin coating under optimal conditions. 2.2 Drop casting Colloidal indium oxide (In2O3) NPs were synthesized using PLA of indium in water at room temperature. The thin film of In2O3 NPs was deposited on a n-type silicon by drop casting for heterojunction

• volume [113]. A pellet of copper metal was utilized as a target for the production of CuO NPs in deionized water and the CuO NPs were then dropped on 3–5 Ω·cm p-type silicon substrate employing drop casting at low temperature to study its photodiode properties with a layer thickness of 400 nm. Packed

Photochemical synthesis of silver nanoprisms via green LED irradiation and evaluation of SERS activity

• Tuan Anh Mai-Ngoc,
• Nhi Kieu Vo,
• Cong Danh Nguyen,
• Thi Kim Xuan Nguyen and
• Thanh Sinh Do

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1417–1427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.103

• various solid supports such as glass [11], quartz, silicon, or aluminum foil [12]. A recent trend in the development of practical SERS substrates emphasizes flexibility and portability for field-deployable Raman detection. Accordingly, several groups have developed paper-based [13] or cotton-based [14

Parylene-coated platinum nanowire electrodes for biomolecular sensing applications

• Chao Liu,
• Peker Milas,
• Michael G. Spencer and
• Birol Ozturk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1392–1400, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.101

• stability of metal nanoparticles limits their application in biological systems and decreases their performance [12]. Other materials like silicon quantum dots, ion-imprinted polymer, and hydrogels have unique biocompatibility and specificity advantages, but long-term stability and cost make them

Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy

• Imran Shair Mohammad,
• Gizem Kursunluoglu,
• Anup Kumar Patel,
• Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq,
• Cansu Umran Tunc,
• Dilek Kanarya,
• Mubashar Rehman,
• Omer Aydin and
• Yin Lifang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92

Chitosan nanocomposite containing rotenoids: an alternative bioinsecticidal approach for the management of Aedes aegypti

• Maria A. A. Bertonceli,
• Vitor D. C. Cristo,
• Ivo J. Vieira,
• Francisco J. A. Lemos,
• Arnoldo R. Façanha,
• Raimundo Braz-Filho,
• Gustavo V. T. Batista,
• Luis G. M. Basso,
• Sérgio H. Seabra,
• Thalya S. R. Nogueira,
• Felipe F. Moreira,
• Arícia L. E. M. Assis,
• Antônia E. A. Oliveira and
• Kátia V. S. Fernandes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1197–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.88

• the nanocomposite to reduce potential environmental damage, such as those reported in the literature for some metal-decorated nanomaterials and their derivatives (silver, gold, copper, zinc, titanium, and silicon) that can be highly toxic to non-target organisms in the environment [18]. The

Mechanical stability of individual bacterial cells under different osmotic pressure conditions: a nanoindentation study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

• Lizeth García-Torres,
• Idania De Alba Montero,
• Eleazar Samuel Kolosovas-Machuca,
• Facundo Ruiz,
• Sumati Bhatia,
• Jose Luis Cuellar Camacho and
• Jaime Ruiz-García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1171–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.86

• ). In Milli-Q water, it is well known that a silicon nitride AFM tip is negatively charged. Consequently, upon close contact, a negatively charged AFM tip will experience on one side an attractive force towards a positively charged surface given by the cationic PLL and on the other side a repulsive

Crystalline and amorphous structure selectivity of ignoble high-entropy alloy nanoparticles during laser ablation in organic liquids is set by pulse duration

• Robert Stuckert,
• Felix Pohl,
• Oleg Prymak,
• Ulrich Schürmann,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Lorenz Kienle and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1141–1159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.84

• . Furthermore, metalloid elements, such as phosphorous, silicon, boron, and carbon were shown to retard crystallization and favor the formation of long-range disordered structures. Organic solvent molecules used in LSPC can serve as a carbon source which strongly affects the stabilization of amorphous

Deep learning for enhancement of low-resolution and noisy scanning probe microscopy images

• Samuel Gelman,
• Irit Rosenhek-Goldian,
• Nir Kampf,
• Marek Patočka,
• Maricarmen Rios,
• Marcos Penedo,
• Georg Fantner,
• Amir Beker,
• Sidney R. Cohen and
• Ido Azuri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1129–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.83

• described in [39]. Scans were made with a silicon tip on a silicon nitride cantilever (FASTSCANC, Bruker). The second set is composed of 25 pairs of low- and high-resolution images of a titanium film, which is used for AFM tip characterization (TipCheck, Aurora Nanodevices, BC, Canada). Images of 5 μm × 5

• formed from silicon nitride (NanoWorld). Images were subject to plane leveling and alignment using Gwyddion 2.62, an open-source software for SPM data analysis [40]. The Gwyddion files were converted to Python .npy files for input to the computational pipeline. Computational Pipeline The research aims to

Towards a quantitative theory for transmission X-ray microscopy

• James G. McNally,
• Christoph Pratsch,
• Stephan Werner,
• Stefan Rehbein,
• Andrew Gibbs,
• Jihao Wang,
• Thomas Lunkenbein,
• Peter Guttmann and
• Gerd Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1113–1128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.82

• (containing a silicon core). A sub-image (yellow box) around an isolated 60 nm gold nanosphere was extracted to produce a 3D volume, whose xy, xz, and yz cuts are shown (b). Stage jitter and drift were corrected (c) using the StackReg plugin in imagej applied to the 3D stack defined by the dotted blue

Piezoelectricity of hexagonal boron nitrides improves bone tissue generation as tested on osteoblasts

• Sevin Adiguzel,
• Nilay Cicek,
• Zehra Cobandede,
• Feray B. Misirlioglu,
• Hulya Yilmaz and
• Mustafa Culha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1068–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.78

• was synthesized using boric acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) and ammonia as the boron and nitrogen sources. Specifically, 1 gram of boric acid was mixed with 5 mL of 25% aqueous ammonia solution (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) to create a suspension, which was then poured onto a silicon carbide (SiC) plate

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

• Maximilian Spellauge,
• David Redka,
• Mianzhen Mo,
• Changyong Song,
• Heinz Paul Huber and
• Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

Tendency in tip polarity changes in non-contact atomic force microscopy imaging on a fluorite surface

• Bob Kyeyune,
• Philipp Rahe and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 944–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.72

• a change of the tip-terminating cluster (i.e., a tip change) and a distance-dependent contrast evolution for a stable tip. Tip changes are inevitable in NC-AFM experiments with non-functionalized tips, especially as commonly used silicon tips are very reactive and readily pick up various entities

• -ordered CaF2(111) [24][25], see [26] for further preparation details. RT experiments were performed with a UHV 750 AFM system (RHK, Troy, MI USA) operated at a base pressure of 7.0 × 10−11 mbar. An Ar+ ion-sputtered silicon cantilever with an eigenfrequency of around 300 kHz and a quality factor of 22000

• grows in type-B epitaxy [24][25][32]. This implies that the direction of the silicon crystal surface points in opposite direction of the direction of the CaF2 thin film. The direction of the pristine Si(111) (7 × 7) surface was determined by identifying the faulted and unfaulted halves of the (7 × 7

Focused ion beam-induced platinum deposition with a low-temperature cesium ion source

• Thomas Henning Loeber,
• Bert Laegel,
• Meltem Sezen,
• Feray Bakan Misirlioglu,
• Edgar J. D. Vredenbregt and
• Yang Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 910–920, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.69

• avoid, for example, any inhomogeneous ripple structures. The dwell time was always 200 ns. For growth rate characterization, Pt layers with a length of 20 μm and a width of 1 μm were deposited on silicon (Si). The ion beam currents were changed, while the pattern size was kept constant. With the Cs+ FIB

Heat-induced transformation of nickel-coated polycrystalline diamond film studied in situ by XPS and NEXAFS

• Olga V. Sedelnikova,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy,
• Yuri N. Palyanov,
• Elena V. Shlyakhova,
• Eugene A. Maksimovskiy,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva and
• Aleksandr V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 887–898, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.67

• 68.1 eV corresponds to the oxidized states of nickel (Ni–O). The appearance of these states may be due to the interaction of nickel with residual water in the vacuum chamber or with oxygen desorbed from the silicon substrate during annealing [47]. The low-energy doublet with the Ni 3p3/2 component at

• surface. Our results can be useful for controlling the growth of graphitic coatings on dielectric diamond surfaces with a polycrystalline structure and grains of different sizes and crystallographic orientations. Experimental The growth of PCD films on silicon substrates was performed using PE CVD with a