Thermal energy storage – overview and specific insight into nitrate salts for sensible and latent heat storage

• Nicole Pfleger,
• Thomas Bauer,
• Claudia Martin,
• Markus Eck and
• Antje Wörner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1487–1497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.154

• miscibility in the solid state. In the liquid state most salt mixtures are completely miscible [36]. Various types of binary phase diagrams do exist [36][37]: Complete miscibility in the liquid and solid state with or without minimum melting point (continuous solid solution) Complete miscibility in the liquid

Influence of the supramolecular architecture on the magnetic properties of a Dy^III single-molecule magnet: an ab initio investigation

• Julie Jung,
• Olivier Cador,
• Kevin Bernot,
• Fabrice Pointillart,
• Javier Luzon and
• Boris Le Guennic

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2267–2274, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.236

• ]. The easiest way to evidence these supramolecular effects is to design a diamagnetic solid solution in which the sample is present at a doping level [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The investigation of such sample shows drastic differences from the bulk and highlights that a “single-molecule” when

Controlling the optical and structural properties of ZnS–AgInS₂ nanocrystals by using a photo-induced process

• Takashi Yatsui,
• Fumihiro Morigaki and
• Tadashi Kawazoe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1767–1773, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.187

• Takashi Yatsui Fumihiro Morigaki Tadashi Kawazoe School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan 10.3762/bjnano.5.187 Abstract ZnS–AgInS2 (ZAIS) solid-solution nanocrystals are promising materials for nanophotonic devices in the visible region because of their low

• . Therefore, ZnS–AgInS2 solid-solution (ZAIS) nanocrystals [13] are promising materials for nanophotonic devices in the visible region because of their low toxicity. In addition, since ZAIS nanocrystals have long decay times for emissions [14], it can be applied to optical buffer memory [15]. To realize a

• the size of nanocrystals have been reported for CdSe [14], ZnO [16][17], and Si [18] (Figure 1b). We measured the excitation spectra of the synthesized ZAIS nanocrystals to find the optimum wavelength for controlling the spectra. Based on the synthesis method described in [13], solid-solution

Formation of Cu_xAu_1−x phases by cold homogenization of Au/Cu nanocrystalline thin films

• Alona Tynkova,
• Gabor L. Katona,
• Gabor A. Langer,
• Sergey I. Sidorenko,
• Svetlana M. Voloshko and
• Dezso L. Beke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1491–1500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.162

• processes are interface/grain boundary diffusion controlled: After the formation of the new phase in the GBs, the process takes place through the atomic transport along the moving GB (like in the classical DIGM, when a solid solution is left behind) or along the interfaces of the new ordered phase (in this

• boundary motion and reaction layer formation, the process starts by grain boundary interdiffusion and after the filling-up of grain boundaries the reaction starts here. After the formation of the reaction zone (solid solution or ordered phase) the atomic transport along the original GB, or along the newly

Template-directed synthesis and characterization of microstructured ceramic Ce/ZrO₂@SiO₂ composite tubes

• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Meike Naumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1152–1159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.126

• together. The composition and crystallinity of this material connecting the individual silica particles contains the elements Ce and Zr and O as mixed oxide solid solution identified by XRD, Raman and high-resolution TEM and EFTEM. High-resolution microscopy techniques allowed for an elemental mapping on

• the surface of the silica host structure and determination of the O, Zr and Ce elemental distribution with nm precision. Keywords: electrospinning; exotemplating; nanostructured solid solution; sol–gel chemistry; Stoeber process; ternary oxide; Introduction Ceria, CeO2, is well-known for its unique

• the mixed ceria/zirconia solid solution of the composition Ce0.13/Zr0.87O2 which is connecting the SiO2 particles as a ceramic binder. Based on these findings future studies may investigate the effect of this phase on the hardness, viz. the mechanical properties. Results and Discussion Synthesis of

Functionalized nanostructures for enhanced photocatalytic performance under solar light

• Liejin Guo,
• Dengwei Jing,
• Maochang Liu,
• Yubin Chen,
• Shaohua Shen,
• Jinwen Shi and
• Kai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 994–1004, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.113

• least two requirements to achieve high visible-light photocatalytic activity. A high conduction band is necessary to ensure enough potential for proton reduction. It should also have a narrow band gap in order to utilize incident light to the largest extent. Cd1−xZnxS, as the solid solution of CdS and

• utilization of visible light. As reported by Kudo et al, a donor level above the valence band of ZnS could be formed when it is doped with Ni2+, which is responsible for the visible light response of Ni-doped ZnS [55]. It inspired us to further tune the band structure of Cd1−xZnxS solid solution by Ni doping

• was thus achieved [56]. Moreover, Cd1−xZnxS could be also modified by doping with alkali metals. We have also successfully synthesized Sr and Ba doped Cd1−xZnxS solid solution photocatalysts with improved activity [57][58]. The underlying role of the doping ions might be quite different. However, the

High activity of Ag-doped Cd_0.1Zn_0.9S photocatalyst prepared by the hydrothermal method for hydrogen production under visible-light irradiation

• Leny Yuliati,
• Melody Kimi and
• Mustaffa Shamsuddin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 587–595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.69

• use of visible light-driven photocatalysts [1][2][3][4]. One of the promising photocatalysts is Cd1−xZnxS solid solution [5][6][7][8]. The successful formation of a solid solution of ZnS and CdS resulted in an absorption shift of ZnS to the visible-light range, while maintaining the high conduction

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of Li₂Co_1−xM_xPO₄F (M = Fe, Mn) cathode materials

• Nellie R. Khasanova,
• Oleg A. Drozhzhin,
• Stanislav S. Fedotov,
• Darya A. Storozhilova,
• Rodion V. Panin and
• Evgeny V. Antipov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 860–867, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.97

• samples that contained impurities of olivine and Li3PO4. Moreover, the unit cell parameters of the formed fluorophosphates were found to be close to those of Li2Co0.9Mn0.1PO4F. These results clearly indicated that Li2Co1−xMnxPO4F exhibited a very limited range for the solid solution (x ≤ 0.10). For

• = 0.4, 0.5) led to multi-phase samples, with the fluorophosphate phases having cell parameters close to those of Li2Co0.7Fe0.3PO4F. Thus, it was concluded that the solid-solution range of Li2Co1−xFexPO4F was limited to x ≤ 0.3. Efforts to prepare a Li2Co0.7Fe0.3PO4F/C composite by adding carbon black or

• . Sloping charge–discharge profiles and broad CV peaks suggest a single-phase (solid-solution) reaction mechanism, similar to Li2CoPO4F [4][8]. There is no visible change in the operating potential of Li2Co0.9Mn0.1PO4F. Therefore it was difficult to draw a decisive conclusion on the effect of Mn

Plasticity of nanocrystalline alloys with chemical order: on the strength and ductility of nanocrystalline Ni–Fe

• Jonathan Schäfer and
• Karsten Albe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 542–553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.63

• of disordered structures with various elemental distributions and the simultaneous analysis of intragranular defects reveal that solid solution strengthening is absent for the studied grain sizes. The composition and relaxation state of the grain boundary control the strength of the material, which

• dislocations [3][4]. The experimental realization of a nanocrystalline (nc) microstructure of an ordered alloy, however, strongly depends on the route of preparation. For electrodeposited nc Ni–Fe alloys (up to 28% Fe) a solid solution with no chemical order was observed [5]. In Ni3Al, a partially ordered

• difference between the average atomic volume of all GB atoms and the average atomic volume within a fcc single crystal of random solid solution and a chemical composition identical to the composition of the GB. Samples were quenched from annealing temperature to 300 K. Then they were deformed by imposing a

Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials

• Herbert Gleiter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 517–533, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.61

• Figure 22. Observations by TEM and WAXS confirmed the expected microstructure of the multiphase nanoglass. In fact, the FeSc–Cu70Sc30 two-phase nanoglass turned out to be a random mixture of both kinds of glassy clusters that formed an amorphous solid solution upon annealing. This result appears

• material consisting of precipitates embedded in a crystalline solid solution. Reprinted from [2] copyright (1963), with permission from Elsevier. Figure showing the analogy between the defect and the chemical microstructures of nanocrystalline materials and nanoglasses. (a) Melt of identical atoms, (b

Structural and thermoelectric properties of TMGa₃ (TM = Fe, Co) thin films

• Sebastian Schnurr,
• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Valeriy Y. Verchenko and
• Andrei V. Shevelkov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 461–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.54

• synthesized powders of FeGa3, CoGa3, as well as of a Fe0.75Co0.25Ga3 solid solution, thin films (typical thickness 40 nm) were fabricated by flash evaporation onto various substrates held at ambient temperature. In this way, the chemical composition of the powders could be transferred one-to-one to the films

• found the existence of an unlimited solid solution between the isostructural intermetallics FeGa3 and CoGa3 [9]. With an increasing cobalt content in the Fe1−xCoxGa3 solid solution, the Fermi level shifts up to the conduction band and crosses peaks of high electronic density of states, ultimately

• leading to metallic and non-magnetic properties for CoGa3. Thus, the composition of the solid solution x was found to be a tool to control the number of electronic states at the Fermi level N(EF) when the variation of N(EF) for different x was established from the results of band structure calculations

Synthesis and thermoelectric properties of Re₃As_6.6In_0.4 with Ir₃Ge₇ crystal structure

• Valeriy Y. Verchenko,
• Anton S. Vasiliev,
• Alexander A. Tsirlin,
• Vladimir A. Kulbachinskii,
• Vladimir G. Kytin and
• Andrei V. Shevelkov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 446–452, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.52

• Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.4.52 Abstract The Re3As7−xInx solid solution was prepared for x ≤ 0.5 by heating the elements in stoichiometric ratios in evacuated silica tubes at 1073 K. It crystallizes with the Ir3Ge7 crystal structure, space group Im−3m

• . Keywords: band-structure calculations; energy conversion; Ir3Ge7 type; solid solution; thermoelectric material; Introduction Thermoelectric materials with good efficiency are highly awaited by modern power engineering. Utilizing either the Seebeck or Peltier effects, it is possible to produce electricity

• element may lead to the opening of a band gap near the Fermi level [14]. As a result, compounds with 55 valence electrons per formula unit (f.u.) exhibit semiconductor-like behavior. The number of valence electrons can be tuned through the solid-solution formation. For instance, Mo3Sb5Te2 and Re3As6Ge

Single-pass Kelvin force microscopy and dC/dZ measurements in the intermittent contact: applications to polymer materials

• Sergei Magonov and
• John Alexander

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 15–27, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.2

• sample for KFM studies. The topography and surface potential images of this sample show its surface domain structure presented by different patterns (see Figure 5A). This finding suggests that the material is actually a partial solid solution. A comparison of these images shows that there is no a cross