Optical bio/chemical sensors for vitamin B₁₂ analysis in food and pharmaceuticals: state of the art, challenges, and future outlooks

• Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi and
• Zeynep Altintas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2207–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.153

• , and the resonance change as the output signal. This method achieved an LOD of approximately 1 mg/mL for VB12 [92]. In the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC) international meeting on June 29, 2011, the committee eventually decided to collaboratively assess VB12 by SPR, specifically

Toward clinical translation of carbon nanomaterials in anticancer drug delivery: the need for standardisation

• Michał Bartkowski,
• Francesco Calzaferri and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2092–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.144

• nanomaterial has been defined in the EU’s Recommendation on the Definition of a Nanomaterial (originally defined in 2011/696/EU, and updated in 2022/C 229/01) [45]. In regulating the definition, it was intended to capture the unique properties and potential risks associated with materials at the nanoscale

Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• ° (2θ), and Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5418 Å) with a voltage of 40 kV and a current of 30 mA. The degree of crystallinity (Xc%) of each sample was calculated from the diffractogram using Equation 2 (Madsen et al., 2011) [72]. The areas of the peaks in the diffractograms were determined using OriginPro 8.5

Laser ablation in liquids for shape-tailored synthesis of nanomaterials: status and challenges

• Natalie Tarasenka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1963–1997, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.137

On the road to sustainability – application of metallic nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis in dentistry: a scoping review

• Lorena Pinheiro Vasconcelos Silva,
• Joice Catiane Soares Martins,
• Israel Luís Carvalho Diniz,
• Júlio Abreu Miranda,
• Danilo Rodrigues de Souza,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Moan Jéfter Fernandes Costa and
• Pedro Henrique Sette-de-Souza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1851–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.128

• . Flowchart summarizing the data management process to obtain the study articles. Number of publications about green-synthesized metallic nanoparticles by country. Publications in green-synthesized metallic nanoparticles used in the dental field over the years (2011–2025). Botanical families used in green

Multifunctional anionic nanoemulsion with linseed oil and lecithin: a preliminary approach for dry eye disease

• Niédja Fittipaldi Vasconcelos,
• Almerinda Agrelli,
• Rayane Cristine Santos da Silva,
• Carina Lucena Mendes-Marques,
• Isabel Renata de Souza Arruda,
• Priscilla Stela Santana de Oliveira,
• Mércia Liane de Oliveira and
• Giovanna Machado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1711–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.120

• deviation. Graphs were generated using OriginPro 2022 software (OriginLab Corporation, USA). The statistical analysis (StatSoft Inc., 2011, Tulsa, USA) was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mean differences were compared using the Tukey test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. For

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

• Maximilian Spellauge,
• David Redka,
• Mianzhen Mo,
• Changyong Song,
• Heinz Paul Huber and
• Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

Synthetic-polymer-assisted antisense oligonucleotide delivery: targeted approaches for precision disease treatment

• Ana Cubillo Alvarez,
• Dylan Maguire and
• Ruairí P. Brannigan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 435–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.34

• [111]. Thanks to the ability of PEI to efficiently bind negatively charged macromolecules and overcome cellular barriers, PEI-based systems have been extensively investigated for targeted antisense oligonucleotide and gene delivery. In 2011, Yang et al. studied the bioactivity in vitro and in vivo of

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

Realizing active targeting in cancer nanomedicine with ultrasmall nanoparticles

• André F. Lima,
• Giselle Z. Justo and
• Alioscka A. Sousa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1208–1226, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.98

• ][168]. The prevalence of silica-based NPs in these trials is justified by their FDA approval as an investigational new drug for oncologic applications since 2011. Table 3 lists the usNPs in clinical development, as found on the website https://ClinicalTrials.gov. Conclusion Ultrasmall NPs represent a

AI-assisted models to predict chemotherapy drugs modified with C₆₀ fullerene derivatives

• Jonathan-Siu-Loong Robles-Hernández,
• Dora Iliana Medina,
• Katerin Aguirre-Hurtado,
• Marlene Bosquez,
• Roberto Salcedo and
• Alan Miralrio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1170–1188, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.95

• mortality rate from breast cancer has been reduced by 1.9% annually from 2002 to 2011 and 1.3% from 2011 to 2020 [5]. Diagnostics and treatments have continuously improved through the years. However, the situation is different in each country considering the costs and technological advances in each country

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• ://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). Both structures were combined using the Vesta software (Momma, K.; Izumi, F. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 2011, 44, 1272–1276). Funding Ta Thanh Hoai Qui was funded by the Postdoctoral Scholarship Programme of Vingroup Innovation Foundation (VINIF), code VINIF.2023.STS.62. Competing

Entry of nanoparticles into cells and tissues: status and challenges

• Kirsten Sandvig,
• Tore Geir Iversen and
• Tore Skotland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1017–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.83

• scale bar is 100 nm. Figure 2 was reprinted from [29], Current Opinion in Cell Biology, vol. 23, by K. Sandvig; S. Pust; T. Skotland; B. van Deurs, “Clathrin-independent endocytosis: mechanisms and function“, pages 413-420, Copyright (2011), with permission from Elsevier. This content is not subject to

Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• housing, experimentation, and animal disposal were performed in general accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 2011). In addition, Eurofins (Taiwan site) conducted the animal studies. Eight-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• have also been found in our search. Miltefosine, for example, is a drug created to treat cutaneous metastasis from mammary carcinomas [68]. After that, it was also approved to treat leishmaniasis [69][70], and in 2011, Eissa et al. [71] verified that the drug has activity against different forms of S

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0).). TEM images of gold crosses (E). (Figure 6D and E was reprinted with permission from [62], Copyright 2011 American Chemical Society. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0.). Absorbance and TEM images of

Straight roads into nowhere – obvious and not-so-obvious biological models for ferrophobic surfaces

• Wilfried Konrad,
• Christoph Neinhuis and
• Anita Roth-Nebelsick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1345–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.111

• ), https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/39399990/ergebnisse “Energy self-sufficient fibre based long-distance transport of liquids”, 2008–2011. Participants: University of Tübingen, Institut für Textil- und Verfahrenstechnik (Denkendorf), Helmholtz-Zentrum (Berlin), TWD Fibres GmbH (Deggendorf), funded by

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• synthesizing and applying a semiconductor photocatalyst have been published in recent years. A survey on bismuth-based nanocomposites with the search keywords "Bismuth-based nanoparticles for environmental remediation" from 2011 to 2021 yields roughly 15,995 articles. This data illustrates the interest of the

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• . Similar observations on the importance of network interconnectivity have been made by Chen et al. as discussed above. In 2011, Phadungdhitidhada et al. prepared SnO2 NWs of different diameters (from 50–150 nm) with and without nanodendrites (NDs), with lengths extending to a few tens of micrometers and

• nanowires mixed nanodendrites for high ethanol sensor response”, pages no. 1368–1373, Copyright (2011), with permission from Elsevier. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. SnO2/CuO nanoscale hybrid dendrites. SEM images of (a) Sn–Cu porous foams, (b) the 3D interlock network structure of the as

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

• Thies H. Büscher and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

• from Springer Nature from “Biological fibrillar adhesives: functional principles and biomimetic applications. In: Handbook of Adhesion Technology” by S. N. Gorb, Copyright 2011 Springer Nature. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0). (C) Dependence of the contact density of terminal contacts on the

• Adhesion Technology” by S. N. Gorb, Copyright 2011 Springer Nature. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. Figure 7D was adapted from [129] with permission from The Royal Society (U.K.), from Proc. R. Soc. B, S. N. Gorb, vol. 267, issue 1449, Copyright 2000; permission conveyed through Copyright

• . In: Handbook of Adhesion Technology” by S. N. Gorb, Copyright 2011 Springer Nature. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0.). (C) Chemical composition (absolute concentration of substance groups) of the pad secretion of the smooth euplantulae of Locusta migratoria (Figure 8C was adapted from [254

Nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors for data collection

• Yicheng Shao,
• Maoliang Shen,
• Yuankai Zhou,
• Xin Cui,
• Lijie Li and
• Yan Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 680–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.54

• capability can be enhanced. Moreover, AI technology can also enhance the performance of sensor. Traffic sensors PENGs are also applicable in intelligent transportation systems. Self-powered vehicle sensors based on PENGs/TENGs can collect the signal of force changes when the vehicle status changes. In 2011

• ]. Copyright © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Used with permission from Caofeng Pan et al., “Fiber‐Based Hybrid Nanogenerators for/as Self‐Powered Systems in Biological Liquid”, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, John Wiley and Sons. (f) Output of the hybrid system under different

• Society. NG-based self-powered traffic sensor. (a) PENG attached to a tire with adhesive tape [5]. Figure 6a,b was reproduced from [5]. Copyright © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Used with permission from Youfan Hu et al., “A Nanogenerator for Energy Harvesting from a Rotating Tire and