Therapeutic effect of F127-folate@PLGA/CHL/IR780 nanoparticles on folate receptor-expressing cancer cells

• Thi Ngoc Han Pham,
• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan Thang Cao,
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen,
• Vy Tran Anh and
• Hieu Vu_Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 954–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.78

• used. Its receptor is significantly overexpressed in several types of cancer cells, while there is an undetectable expression in normal cells [12]. Hence, the incorporation of folic acid into nanoparticles is helpful in actively targeting tumors [12][13]. In our previous study, F127 was conjugated with

• fluorescent dye used to visualize particle location using infrared light [25]. Researchers have also found that F127-folate helps the nanoparticle to penetrate cancer cells through the folate receptor. This makes the treatment work better [12][13][14][34][35][36][37]. Our nanoparticles were also modified with

• increases the treatment efficacy [12][13]. In our study, two folate receptor-positive cell lines (human breast carcinoma MCF7 and human hepatoma HepG2) and a folate receptor-negative cell line (HEK 293) were used. To test how well the particles could target the cell lines, they were incubated with free

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• supports compact tissue despite its porous structure. One of the most important functions of cancellous bone is to allow for deformation and to absorb loads [9][13]. Also, the spaces between the trabeculae are the regions of the bone marrow where blood cells are formed; thus, this structure is responsible

• , and help bone resistance [13][14][15]. It is also assumed that an increase in the porosity of compact bone due to enlarged canals or an increased number of canals may be associated with increased bone fragility [16]. Unlike compact bone, cancellous bone does not have a Haversian system. Instead, an

• the body [11][12][13]. In addition to all these structural units of bone, the outer surface of bones is covered with a thin fibrous membrane called the periosteum. The periosteum is a well-vascularized tissue, containing many blood vessels that penetrate the bone to nourish the bone cells and

Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

• Yu-Sheng Lu,
• Yu-Xuan Hung,
• Thi-Xuyen Bui and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 925–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.76

• simulation, as shown in Figure 1b. Figure 1c shows polycrystalline CoCrNi MEAs with different grain size gradient sizes, including 2-3-4 nm, 5-7-9 nm, and 10-13-15 nm. Figure 1d shows the simulated diamond cutting tool, a rigid body with various rake angles consisting of 14,287–39,156 C atoms. Periodic

• CoCrNi MEA substrates. The Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential was used to model the interaction among tool and sample atoms, and among the atoms in the tool [12][13][14][15]. The parameters of the LJ potential are displayed in Table 2. The MD cutting simulations were carried out using the large-scale atomic

• investigated regarding the cutting behavior of GNG CoCrNi MEAs. Results and Discussion Effect of gradient nanograined structures To investigate the influence of GNG structures on the cutting process of the CoCrNi MEAs in detail, six grain size gradient samples were prepared, namely 2-3-4, 5-7-9, and 10-13-15

Identification of structural features of surface modifiers in engineered nanostructured metal oxides regarding cell uptake through ML-based classification

• Indrasis Dasgupta,
• Totan Das,
• Biplab Das and
• Shovanlal Gayen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 909–924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.75

• . Ultimately, this cascade leads to damage to cellular organelles and the demise of the cell [13][14][15]. ENMOs have also been explored for potential diagnostic applications, particularly in targeting cancer cells [16][17]. To create target-specific NPs, researchers synthesized magnetofluorescent NPs with an

• high because of the presence of long-chain aliphatic anhydride-like fingerprints such as in UPp 11, UPp 12, UPp 13, UPp 14, UPp 16, and UPp 18. The fingerprints UPp 2 and UPp 6 share the similarity of a dihydro-2H-pyran-2,6(3H)-dione structure. These fingerprints are seen in surface modifiers 18 and 28

• , UIp 13, and UIp 19 represent the presence of amino groups with a possible carboxyl functionality. Such fingerprints are observed in surface modifier 101. The fingerprints UIp 9, UIp 11, UIp 14, and UIp 20, having a cyclohexane ring (e.g., 90), also reduce the uptake of ENMOs in the PaCa2 cell line

Facile synthesis of Fe-based metal–organic frameworks from Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their application for CO₂/N₂ separation

• Van Nhieu Le,
• Hoai Duc Tran,
• Minh Tien Nguyen,
• Hai Bang Truong,
• Toan Minh Pham and
• Jinsoo Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 897–908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.74

• manufacturing cost, environmental friendliness, and biodegradability. Because of the abovementioned advantages, MIL-100(Fe) has gained popularity as a candidate for gas separation of CO/CO2 [9][13], CO/N2 [14][15], CO2/CH4 [16], CH4/C2H6/C3H8 [17], and SF6/N2 [18]. In the early stage, MIL-100(Fe) was produced

Water-assisted purification during electron beam-induced deposition of platinum and gold

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Fabian A. Polman and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 884–896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.73

• structures in applications such as nanoprobes and sensors [4][5][6], or for the fabrication of superconductors [7][8][9][10] and plasmonic devices [11][12][13]. A lower carbon content can be achieved by means of precursor design [14], variation of deposition conditions [15], or post-deposition purification

The effect of age on the attachment ability of stick insects (Phasmatodea)

• Marie Grote,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Thies H. Büscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 867–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.72

• the substrate as the contact area of the pad is proportional to adhesion [10][11][12]. For rough substrates, the pads are complemented by a pair of rigid claws used for friction interlocking with surface asperities and ensuring attachment, but claws perform poorly on smooth surfaces [13]. The ability

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• their aggregates on their toxicity has been recently reviewed [13]. From now, we will use the label “nanostructure” to refer to these properties, in comparison with the term “structure” referring to the chemical composition. The nanostructural differences among nanoparticles can be defined by different

Investigation on drag reduction on rotating blade surfaces with microtextures

• Qinsong Zhu,
• Chen Zhang,
• Fuhang Yu and
• Yan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 833–853, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.70

• frictional drag [11]. Based on the above principles and for large-scale manufacturing, researchers imitated and simplified the microtextures of biological surfaces to form the structures with different sectional shapes, such as triangles, trapezoids, and ellipses [12][13], as shown in Figure 1. The drag

• determined according to the flow velocity and the characteristic dimensions (x) of the calculation domain. For our blades, u is 75 m/s, and the maximum value of x is 300 mm, as shown in Figure 4. Therefore, according to Equation 13 and the range of h+ given in Table 1, the values of h of the microtextures

• rectangle is larger than that of triangle 1, resulting in higher frictional drag of the rectangle. Comparing triangle 2, trapezoid, and oval microtextures, it can be seen that the DRR of triangle 2 is higher than that of the other two using the same size parameters. Figure 13 shows the coefficient of

Intermixing of MoS₂ and WS₂ photocatalysts toward methylene blue photodegradation

• Maryam Al Qaydi,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Michael Lejeune,
• Abdellatif Bouchalkha,
• Mimoun El Marssi,
• Steevy Cordette,
• Chaouki Kasmi and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 817–829, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.68

• cocatalysts. Their catalytic properties can be tailored based on their crystal structure, their surface area, and their morphology [12][13]. When TMD catalysts are intermixed, they form semiconductor–semiconductor junctions, enhancing their photocatalytic properties by promoting charge separation and electron

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• nanoparticles were obtained using a Nanosys 500 system from Mantis Ltd. modified by the addition of a second magnetron in a different chamber to obtain two nanoparticle sources, in a similar manner as described in [13]. In the first magnetron section, Ag atoms were generated from a silver target with 99.99

Electron-induced ligand loss from iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate

• Hlib Lyshchuk,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Thomas F. M. Luxford,
• Miloš Ranković,
• Jaroslav Kočišek,
• Juraj Fedor,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Pamir Nag

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 797–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.66

• surface-based investigations, where the electron-induced ligand loss has been probed by XPS [13], ion desorption [14], IR spectroscopy [15], or cluster-beam studies [16][17][18]. The ligand loss has also been probed by ion impact, both in the gas phase [19] and on the surface [13], and, theoretically, by

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• , and fibers can be produced with uniform diameters in a controlled way [13][14]. Electrospun fibers are similar to macromolecule networks (e.g., collagen, fibrinogen, elastin) around the cells, which are called extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM has fiber diameters in the size range of 50–500 nm and

Exploring surface charge dynamics: implications for AFM height measurements in 2D materials

• Mario Navarro-Rodriguez,
• Andres M. Somoza and
• Elisa Palacios-Lidon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 767–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.64

• ratio. Moreover, their extensive surface exposure renders them highly sensitive to ambient and external influences, amplifying chemical reactivity [13] and bestowing attractive properties regarding electrochemical and catalytic reactions [14]. Furthermore, the ability to stack these materials

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• ][12][13][14]. Researchers are exploring innovative approaches, such as advanced oxidation processes, nanotechnology-based methods, and biological treatment systems, which show promise in effectively removing pollutants from wastewater [14][15][16]. In this research, we focus on the synthesis of carbon

Effect of repeating hydrothermal growth processes and rapid thermal annealing on CuO thin film properties

• Monika Ozga,
• Eunika Zielony,
• Aleksandra Wierzbicka,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin Klepka,
• Marek Godlewski,
• Bogdan J. Kowalski and
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 743–754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.62

• utility in photodetectors [10][11], memory structures [12][13], and p-type channels in transistors [14][15]. Simultaneously, ongoing efforts are consistently directed towards developing deposition techniques and functionalization of CuO films in order to modify their properties for specific applications

Level set simulation of focused ion beam sputtering of a multilayer substrate

• Alexander V. Rumyantsev,
• Nikolai I. Borgardt,
• Roman L. Volkov and
• Yuri A. Chaplygin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 733–742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.61

• semiconductor heterostructures [13]. Metal and dielectric layers can be used as hard masks for achieving high resolution and throughput of the FIB nanofabrication process [14]. Modification of integrated circuits [15] is an industrially relevant application of multilayer structure processing. Effective

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO₂/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode

• Vu Ngoc Hoang,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Le Vu Truong Son,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Vo Thang Nguyen,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Ly Hoang Diem,
• Kieu Chan Ly,
• Ho Sy Thang and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 719–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.60

• storage derived from their conjugate structure makes them effectively utilizable over the full light spectrum [13][14]. GQDs can be prepared through solvothermal/hydrothermal processes or carbonization from suitable organic molecules (polymers or biomass) [15]. Biomass waste (e.g., agricultural residues

Reduced subthreshold swing in a vertical tunnel FET using a low-work-function live metal strip and a low-k material at the drain

• Kalai Selvi Kanagarajan and
• Dhanalakshmi Krishnan Sadhasivan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 713–718, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.59

• silicon, a low leakage current, and a lattice parameter that is close to that of silicon with a modest lattice misfit (ca. 5%) [11]. In this paper, a published VTFET structure is taken for comparison [12]. A large tunnel area and a thin channel enhance the device metrics [13]. In contrast to the

• [12] is 2.96 × 10−13 A/μm. The threshold voltage is 0.28 V. The on-state current is 1.00 × 10−5 A/μm. The transfer characteristics of the three devices are presented in Figure 7. The leakage current is minimal in the proposed model. Miller capacitance and leakage The high dielectric constant of HfO2

Elastic modulus of β-Ga₂O₃ nanowires measured by resonance and three-point bending techniques

• Annamarija Trausa,
• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Tauno Tiirats,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Boris Polyakov and
• Edgars Butanovs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 704–712, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.58

• of the elastic modulus is essential for designing Ga2O3-based nanomechanical resonators or flexible field-effect transistors [13]. However, a minimal amount of research has been dedicated to exploring and understanding the mechanical properties of Ga2O3 NWs [14]. There are several methods available

• , prompted various potential explanations for this variation. Firstly, both experimental and theoretical investigations have shown that β-Ga2O3 elastic characteristics exhibit significant anisotropy [13][26][27]. This indicates that Young's modulus is strongly dependent on the direction of crystalline

Enhancing higher-order modal response in multifrequency atomic force microscopy with a coupled cantilever system

• Wendong Sun,
• Jianqiang Qian,
• Yingzi Li,
• Yanan Chen,
• Zhipeng Dou,
• Rui Lin,
• Peng Cheng,
• Xiaodong Gao,
• Quan Yuan and
• Yifan Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 694–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.57

• achieved this by etching specific regions of the cantilever, coating, and utilizing magnetostrictive actuation to enhance the resonance modes of individual cantilevers [13]. Some have explored the enhancement of modal properties by adding rebar structures to cantilever beams using 3D laser writing [14

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• anisotropic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been synthesized and studied in recent years including nanorings, nanoprisms, nanoplates, crooked nanorods, dendrimers, nanocubes, nanodumbells, dogbones, and nanomakura [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Vis-à-vis to spherical nanoparticles, anisotropic nanoparticles

• do not require aggregation to generate hotspots due to readily obtained tunability of higher aspect ratios during synthesis [13]. Engineering of anisotropic AuNPs with controlled aspect ratio has therefore become an emerging topic for research. Anisotropic gold nanoparticles due to their ability to

• in a quartz cuvette of 10 mm path length. The photothermal studies were performed by using a broadband light source (400–700 nm) with an intensity of ≈0.5 W/cm2 (beam diameter ≈13 mm). A thermopile detector (919P-250-35, Newport Corporation) and a digital power meter (843-R, Newport Corporation) were

Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales

• Guillermo J. Amador,
• Brett Klaassen van Oorschot,
• Caiying Liao,
• Jianing Wu and
• Da Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55

• different colors referring to mammals (blue) [5], birds (red) [9][10], insects (green) [5], and cells and phages (yellow) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The dashed black line represents the best power-law fit for all of the data: with R2 = 0.98 and 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.07

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• reactions are needed. Furthermore, properties such as surface structure or crystallinity can be tailored by adjusting experimental conditions while retaining the initial chemical composition of the educt material [13]. LSPC can be classified into the method variants of laser ablation in liquid (LAL), laser

• the laser-generated nanoparticles in nanomedicine [60][61] and catalysis [13][54][62][63], including electro- and photocatalysis [13]. The liquid’s influence on the nanoparticle properties as well as its decomposition products, in contrast, have received significantly less attention. Some past reviews

Exfoliation of titanium nitride using a non-thermal plasma process

• Priscila Jussiane Zambiazi,
• Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar,
• Larissa Otubo,
• Rodrigo Fernando Brambilla de Souza,
• Almir Oliveira Neto and
• Cecilia Chaves Guedes-Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 631–637, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.53

• conductivity [10][11][12]. On the nanoscale, TiN finds applications as additive in titanium alloys, as catalyst support material, as supercapacitor component, and as nanocoating for medical implants [13][14][15][16]. Furthermore, ultra-small TiN nanodots have been successfully obtained through liquid