Table of Contents |
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167 | Full Research Paper |
16 | Letter |
12 | Review |
5 | Editorial |
1 | Commentary |
Figure 1: (a) Example force–distance curve from a single force volume at a given force setpoint, showing the ...
Figure 2: (a) Spatio-spectral s-SNOM phase image of PS-b-PMMA, with carbonyl mode resonant contrast between P...
Figure 3: Multidimensional dataset showing maps of PS and PMMA microdomains, with corresponding profiles alon...
Figure 4: Bivariate histograms, showing the correlations between different signal channels across the entire ...
Figure 5:
Bivariate and corresponding coincidence histograms showing correlations between adhesion and (1730 ...
Figure 1: Tobacco mosaic virus infection. Left: Leaf of a healthy tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum 'Samsun' n...
Figure 2: Self-assembly process of TMV. Model for the bidirectional self-assembly of nanotubular TMV particle...
Figure 3: Fabrication of distinct types of viral capsids engineered for various applications. Virus particles...
Figure 4: TMV and related tobamoviruses: versatile templates for the construction of biohybrid nanoobjects an...
Figure 5: TMV equipment with biotin linkers and [SA]-enzymes. A: Scheme of TMV functionalization. A coupling-...
Figure 6: Influence of TMV adapter scaffolds on enzyme-based glucose detection layouts. A: Schematic drawing ...
Figure 7: Transformation of TMV CP molecules into enzymatically active rod-like assemblies. By exchanging sui...
Figure 8: Prospects for novel layouts enabling lab-on-a-chip applications and improved orientation of enzymat...
Figure 9: Arrays of TMV nanorods established by bottom-up or top-down approaches: Site-selectively arranged c...
Figure 1: The outline of the synthesis process of Er/Yb oxide nanoparticles.
Figure 2: EDX spectra of the synthesized Er/Yb oxide particles with SiO2 NPs.
Figure 3: XRD spectrum of the Er/Yb oxides embedded into silicon oxide powder.
Figure 4: Spectra of luminescence excited at 488 nm. a) Initial powder mixture of Er/Yb chlorides (1), Er/Yb ...
Figure 5: Optical absorbance spectra of composites 54a (1) and 54Au (2).
Figure 6: TEM pictures of the nanocomposite film REO-AuNPs-SiO2NPs-UDMA/IDA (52Au sample).
Figure 7: Luminescence spectra of the polymer nanocomposites films. a) Excitation at 488 nm: 1 - UDMA/IDA + 1...
Figure 8: AFM picture of the surface structure of the 52Au nanocomposite.
Figure 1: (a) Scheme of an AFM cantilever coated with a porous silica film in the fluid cell with deflection ...
Figure 2: Cantilever deflection as a function of the relative humidity.
Figure 3: (a) GISAXS pattern of mesoporous silica film on a silicon substrate. The rings (marked AB) are from...
Figure 4: Strain isotherm from in situ GISAXS derived from the shift of the out-of-plane 02 reflection in Figure 3a. O...
Figure 1: Platform to design a possible immunosensor.
Figure 2: UV–vis spectra in glycerol: i) the HClAu4 precursor; ii) the AuNPs synthesized with 8 min of irradi...
Figure 3: TEM images of AuNPs synthesized in glycerol by using ultraviolet irradiation for i) 8 min and ii) 1...
Figure 4: Variation of diameter and polydispersity index of SH–DOPC LUVs with glycerol content.
Figure 5: Cyclic voltammograms of K4[Fe(CN)6] in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) using a) (i) bare AuE , (...
Figure 6: Cyclic voltammograms of K4[Fe(CN)6] generated in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) by using AuE pr...
Figure 7: TEM images of AuNPs–SH–DOPC LUVs. a) i) and ii) TEM images of AuNPs–SH–DOPC LUVs using AuNPs synthe...
Figure 1: A closed Dionaea muscipula trap. Petiole and leaf blade serve the function of photosynthesis. In ad...
Figure 2: Statistical analyses of the comparative air/water snapping experiment. (a) Boxplot comparison of tr...
Figure 3: Snapping modes of Venus flytrap. (a) Synchronous lobe movements either lead to a sudden curvature i...
Figure 4: Snapping of a trap under water. Time scale is indicated. An ink filament reaching into the trap wit...
Figure 5: Seedling and adult traps. (a) A seedling trap in the open and closed state, the opening angle is in...
Figure 6: Statistical analyses of the comparative seedling trap/adult trap snapping experiment. (a) Boxplot c...
Figure 7: Comparative kinematics of closing and opening motions in adult and seedling traps. Note the differe...
Figure 1: (a) Effective elastic moduli of graphene sheets as a function of their sizes and edge structures. H...
Figure 2: Normalized frequency shift due to edge stress for a graphene sheet with (a) ACH-ZZ57 and (b) AC56-Z...
Figure 3: (a–c) Frequency shifts of graphene resonators with ACH-ZZ57 and AC56-ZZH edge structures of as a fu...
Figure 4: (a–c) Mass adsorption-induced frequency shift of a graphene resonator, with lengths of (a) 3.5 nm, ...
Figure 5: The frequency shift of a graphene resonator (L = 40 nm) due to atomic adsorption as a function of t...
Scheme 1: Schematic representation of creation of nanostructures from DNA–TPA hybrid self-assembly. The numbe...
Scheme 2: Synthesis of 2,6,14-triptycenetripropiolic acid.
Figure 1: 20% denaturing PAGE analysis of DNA (S1)–TPA conjugates showing a decrease in gel mobility of the c...
Figure 2: Native PAGE image (12%) of self-assembly of dicojugate DNA–TPA units with 2 μM total ssDNA concentr...
Figure 3: Native PAGE-gel image (8%) of self-assembled triconjugated DNA–TPA units with 2 μM total ssDNA conc...
Figure 4: AFM images of the self-assembly of DNA–TPA tri-conjugates. A and B in the presence of Zn PpIX and C...
Figure 5: Modeling studies involving S1–TPA and S2–TPA triconjugates showing a single tetrameric unit with sq...
Figure 6: The first-order-derivative melting curves of nanofibers (S1 DNA–TPA/S2 DNA–TPA triconjugate Zn PpIX...
Figure 7: CD spectra showing the chirality and conformation of nanofiber (S1 DNA–TPA/S2 DNA–TPA triconjugate ...
Figure 8: UV–vis absorption spectra and steady-state fluorescent spectra of rhodamine 123 quantifying the pho...
Figure 1: Three-dimensional plot (left) and schematic representation (right) of simulation setup. The tip is ...
Figure 2: Top view of the substrate surface for the Lennard-Jones case. Distance dependence is probed at posi...
Figure 3: Top view of the substrate surface for the ionic crystal. Distance dependence is probed at position ...
Figure 4: Energy dissipation and frequency shift as a function of the nominal distance. Each point is calcula...
Figure 5: Trajectory of the apex atom at tip position A (Figure 2). Δx and Δy are its x- and y-coordinates relative t...
Figure 6: Potential energy surface a) in the (111)-plane of the apex atom, when the tip is far away from the ...
Figure 7: Simulated constant-height scans along the line shown in Figure 2 for a Lennard-Jones system (position A at y...
Figure 8: Damping and reduced frequency shift as a function of the nominal distance d for position A (apex at...
Figure 9: Simulated constant-height scan (d = 0.4 nm) for KBr along the line shown in Figure 3. The first panel shows...
Figure 10: Damping and reduced frequency shift as a function of the nominal distance d for position y = 0.243 ...
Figure 11: Damping rate (upper curve) and dissipation rate (lower curve) as a function of the strength ε of th...
Figure 1: The number of scientific publications referring to the search of “doped ZnO” and “Mn doped ZnO” phr...
Figure 2: Indicative examples of the possible distribution of Mn2+ dopant in zinc oxide crystalline lattice. ...
Figure 3: SEM images of NPs of Zn1−xMnxO with dopant concentrations of: a) 0 mol %, b) 1 mol %, c) 5 mol %, d...
Figure 4: SEM images of agglomerates and conglomerates of Zn1−xMnxO NPs with dopant concentrations of: a) 0 m...
Figure 5: XRD diffraction patterns of Zn1−xMnxO NPs, with the nominal dopant content in the solution being 0,...
Figure 6: Lattice parameters versus nominal Mn2+ content of Zn1−xMnxO samples.
Figure 7: Dependence of the changes in crystallite size on the nominal content of Mn2+-dopant in Zn1−xMnxO.
Figure 8: Correlation between the nominal content and the real content of Mn2+ dopant in ZnO. The results wer...
Figure 9: Visual comparison of changes in colours of suspensions of Zn1−xMnxO NPs depending on the dopant con...
Figure 10: Visual comparison of changes in colours of dry powder of Zn1−xMnxO NPs depending on the dopant cont...
Figure 11: Crystallite size distribution obtained using Nanopowder XRD Processor Demo [68].
Figure 1: Preparation process of magnetic antidot arrays. After self-assembly of a monolayer monodisperse PS ...
Figure 2: SEM image of Fe antidot array with a period a = 200 nm, an antidot diameter d = 125 nm and a thickn...
Figure 3: Exemplary set of minor loops for 61 reversal fields Hr with ΔHr = 2 Oe from which the FORC density ...
Figure 4: Field profile adapted to minor loop measurements with MOKE. Part 3 and 4 (green and red) are used f...
Figure 5: (a) In-plane hysteresis loops of 20 nm thick Fe antidot arrays with constant period of a = 200 nm a...
Figure 6: Domain pattern of hexagonal Fe antidot arrays with lattice parameter a = 200 nm and hole diameter d...
Figure 7: (a) Schematics of the sample geometry for AMR measurements. The red and blue arrows indicate the di...
Figure 8: Measured AMR curves (a) for the current direction along nearest neighbours (nn) and (b) next neares...
Figure 9: Micromagnetic simulation of hysteresis curves corresponding to the AMR measurements. Hysteresis of ...
Figure 10: (a) Longitudinal and (b) polar Kerr hysteresis loops with an in-plane magnetic field applied along ...
Figure 11: Fe L3 edge XMCD contrast of X-ray micrographs under normal incidence of a hexagonal antidot lattice...
Figure 12: Major hysteresis loops and FORC diagrams of two hexagonal antidot lattices in out-of-plane magnetiz...
Figure 13: Left image: XMCD image of a 43 nm thin FeGd film with antidot diameter of 165 nm and centre-to-cent...
Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the proposed sensor. The sample window is shown as the blue rectangle. Li is t...
Figure 2: (a), (c) and (e): Magnitude of the electric field distribution of the eigenmodes 1, 2 and 3. (b), (...
Figure 3: SEM images of interferometers with gap separation a) 200 nm and b) 300 nm. The scale bar in the fig...
Figure 4: QD luminescence images of interferometers with 300 nm gap and 200 nm gap when excited via input arm...
Figure 5: Plasmonic RI sensor. Right outer arm (reference arm – covered with PMMA), left outer arm (sample ar...
Figure 6: Relative intensity difference between the sample arm and reference arm versus weight percentage of ...
Figure 7: Relative intensity difference between sample arm and reference arm vs refractive index difference (...
Figure 1: HRTEM images of C-dots obtained by carbonization in aqueous environment, using as carbon source a) ...
Figure 2: HRTEM images of C-dots obtained by carbonization in NaOH 30% (w/v), using as carbon source a) carro...
Figure 3: a) HRTEM image of C-onions obtained by carbonization in NaOH 30% (w/v), using tomatoes as carbon so...
Figure 4: XRD patterns of C-NPs obtained from tomatoes through carbonization in aqueous (C-dots) and NaOH 30%...
Figure 5: FTIR spectra of C-dots and C-onions obtained by carbonization of tomatoes in aqueous solution and N...
Figure 6: Effect of some metals on the photoluminescence spectra of C-NPs at pH 6. a) C-onions measured at λex...
Figure 7: Hypothetical growth of carbon onions from lycopene.
Figure 1: a) Schematics of the MCBJ mechanism. The sample is represented as the orange line and the junction ...
Figure 2: Optical setup: An Ar-Kr laser serves as cw laser source at a wavelength of λ = 514 nm and the beam ...
Figure 3: Conductance histogram at 77 K of 220 opening and closing curves recorded with an applied voltage of...
Figure 4: A schematic sketch of the measurement circuits. a) The main circuit where the current I is measured...
Figure 5: Measurement methodology of the main circuit for Au atomic-contacts at 77 K. a) Raw data of V versus...
Figure 6: a) Raw data of VSens versus time at different applied currents, while the laser is pulsing on the s...
Figure 7: Simulations of the temperature distribution generated by a Gaussian heat source of 1.5 mW and with ...
Figure 8: Time-dependent simulation of the resistivity of the two sensor leads due to heating. After 4 ms the...
Figure 9: Thermopower S(G) versus conductance G of individual contacts, calculated from the ∆V(G) data shown ...
Figure 10: Reflected intensity versus the position of the laser spot across the 36 µm wide gold stripe. The sp...
Figure 11: Colored scanning electron micrograph of the sample shown in Figure 2, recorded after the measurements under...
Figure 1: XRD patterns of NaTaO3 nanocubes.
Figure 2: SEM images of NaTaO3 nanocubes: (a) 1M-NaTaO3, (b) 2M-NaTaO3, (c) 3M-NaTaO3, and (d) 4M-NaTaO3.
Figure 3: UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (a) and optical absorption band edges (b) of NaTaO3 nanocubes.
Figure 4: XRD patterns of 2M-NaTaO3 nanocubes loaded with different amounts of CuO.
Figure 5: SEM images of CuO–NaTaO3 nanocubes: (a) 2M-NaTaO3, (b) 1wt-NaTaO3, (c) 2wt-NaTaO3, and (d) 5wt-NaTaO...
Figure 6: UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra of CuO-loaded 2M-NaTaO3 nanocubes.
Figure 7: EDS spectrum of 5wt-NaTaO3.
Figure 8: Smoothed Cu 2p XPS peaks 2M-NaTaO3, 2wt-NaTaO3 and 5wt-NaTaO3.
Figure 9: Methanol and acetone yields for 2M-NaTaO3 loaded with different amounts of CuO after 6 h of irradia...
Figure 10: Schematic diagram for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to methanol in CuO–NaTaO3 photocatalyst under...
Figure 1: Schematic representation of the cross-section of an ideal CPE45 nanocrystal. The polymer forms shar...
Figure 2: A) Phase image of a close packed region of a monolayer of nanocrystals, obtained by self-assembly o...
Figure 3: A) Optical dark field image of CPE45 nanocrystal rafts, self-assembled at the air–water interface. ...
Figure 4: A) Optical dark field image of a transferred film of nanocrystals compressed on the Langmuir trough...
Figure 5: A) Emission spectra of nanocrystals with chemically attached 1, the protonated perylene dye in solu...
Figure 6: A) Bright field optical micrograph of a single crystalline lamella of CPE45. B) Bright field optica...
Figure 7: A) AFM phase image of an annealed CPE45 single crystal after functionalization with 1 for one day, ...
Figure 8: A) AFM phase image of the annealed crystal surface after reacting it for 3 days with a solution of 1...
Figure 9: A) AFM height image and B) corresponding phase image of the edge of an annealed CPE45 crystal after...
Figure 10: Schematic representation of the morphology of CPE45 nanocrystals, based on results deduced from the...
Figure 1: Molecular structures of the investigated A–Dn co-oligomers (in this study n = 1 or n = 3).
Figure 2: Schematic view of the self-assembled acceptor–donor (A–D) lamellar structures and the observed orie...
Figure 3: Geometry of the experimental setup for KPFM. The sample is illuminated in backside geometry. The mo...
Figure 4: (a) nc-AFM topographic image (500 × 500 nm) of the AD1 film on ITO/PEDOT:PSS (Δf = −55 Hz, AVib = 1...
Figure 5: (a) 300 × 300 nm nc-AFM topographic image of the AD3 film (Δf = −10 Hz, AVib = 20 nm). (b) Topograp...
Figure 6: (a) KPFM potential image of the AD3 film recorded in dark (670 × 670 nm, Δf = −20 Hz, AVib = 20 nm)...
Figure 7: (a–c) nc-AFM/KPFM images (712 × 712 nm) of the AD3 film (Δf = −10 Hz, AVib = 20 nm) recorded in dar...
Figure 8: Schematic representation of an idealized D–A network and its band alignment with respect to the sub...
Figure 9: (a) 286 × 286 nm nc-AFM topographic image of the AD3 film. (b) SPV image calculated as the differen...
Figure 1: (a,b) AFM topography and (c,d) phase images of UV-irradiated PMMA films on Si wafers for low Mw (P1...
Figure 2: (a,b) AFM topography and (c,d) phase images of 20 wt % Au–PMMA nanocomposites of samples with low Mw...
Figure 3: (a,b) AFM topography and (c,d) phase images of 60% Au–PMMA nanocomposites with low Mw (P1-60) and h...
Figure 4: Histogram for the nearest-neighbour distance of gold nanoparticles formed in the (a) P1-20, (b) P2-...
Figure 5: SEM images of different regions of Au–PMMA nanocomposites. (a–c) Low Mw PMMA with 20 wt % Au salt (...
Figure 6: Set-up for UV exposure on the samples using a deuterium UV lamp with diverted beam set-up using an ...
Figure 1: A TEM image and diffraction patterns of Fe nanoparticles on STO substrates. a) TEM plan-view image ...
Figure 2: Schematic models of the nanoparticles with Wulff shapes. a) A truncated pyramid with OR1 and b) a d...
Figure 3: STM images of Fe nanoparticles on a) STO(001) (30.2 nm2, Vsample = +1.2 V, I = 0.2 nA), and b) STO(...
Figure 4: Schematic illustrations of profile-view imaging. a) Nanoparticles on STO{100} planes can be viewed ...
Figure 5: TEM profile-view images of Fe nanoparticles on substrate edges. a) Nanoparticles with OR1 orientati...
Figure 1: SWCNT-doped negative LC reorientation hypothesis: the LC remains homogeneously aligned while SWCNTs...
Figure 2: Linear polarized light direction for Raman measures at V = 0.
Figure 3: Raman spectra of a SWCNT-doped LC cell (λ = 523 nm). The G and G’-bands are related to SWCNTs. The ...
Figure 4: Raman spectrum at different driving voltages (0 V, 1.5 V, 2.5 V, 3.5 V and 4.5 V). The microscope i...
Figure 5: Raman G-band amplitude variation (below) during a driving voltage sequence between 0 and 11Vrms (ab...
Figure 6: Cell images under microscopic study during a complete off–on–off voltage cycle. Sample surface (a) ...
Figure 7: Impedance magnitude and phase measurements of (a) undoped and (b) SWCNT-doped LC cells.
Figure 8: Impedance magnitude and phase variation at different frequencies as a function of applied driving v...
Figure 9: Raman Intensity evolution of the G’-band and LC peaks with voltage. The SWCNT threshold voltage is ...
Figure 1: Image and spectrum of multi-color luminescence collected from onion cell layers after incubation wi...
Figure 2: Dark field images of onion cell layers after incubation with AgNO3 solution. The magnification is a...
Figure 3: Dark field images of onion layers after incubation with HAuCl4 solution, using a similar protocol a...
Figure 4: SERS and SEHRS measured from crystal violet attached to an onion cell layer containing plasmonic si...
Figure 1: Details of the NC-AFM measuring head in a front and side view showing the interferometric setup wit...
Figure 2: Schematic representation of the interferometer setup, signal path and cavity parameters. Signal pow...
Figure 3: Schematic representation of three common types of misalignment of fiber and cantilever; (a) lateral...
Figure 4: Schematic representation of the interferometer signal Psig as a function of the fiber–cantilever di...
Figure 5: Signal power over distance measurements for three differently positioned cantilevers. Cantilever 1 ...
Figure 6: Lateral interference patterns for cantilever 4 scanned by the fiber-positioning piezo for (a) Fabry...
Figure 7: Interference patterns for cantilever 4 generated from the 3D intensity map data for (a,d) Fabry–Pér...
Figure 8: Interferometer signal power Psig of the main maximum (black) and a side maximum (gray) measured for...
Figure 9:
Displacement spectral density of the noise floor of the interferometer signal as a function of the...
Figure 1: (a) Representative RAIR spectra of surface-grown copper(II) oxalate prepared by the indicated numbe...
Figure 2: (a) RAIR spectra recorded before and after irradiation with the indicated electron exposures at 500...
Figure 3: Intensity of the asymmetric CO2 deformation band at 830 cm−1 after increasing electron exposures at...
Figure 4: HIM images of samples after different steps of preparation and electron exposure. (a) Au substrate ...
Figure 5: Size distribution of nanoparticles formed from surface-grown copper(II) oxalate after an electron e...
Figure 6: HIM images of samples after different steps of preparation and electron exposure. (a) Au substrate ...
Figure 7: XP survey spectra recorded (a) before and (b) after an electron exposure of 16000 μC/cm2 at 50 eV o...
Figure 8: XP spectra in the ranges Cu 2p, O 1s, and C 1s recorded before (pristine) and after (irradiated) an...
Scheme 1: Proposed mechanism for the electron-induced decomposition of the oxalate ion.
Figure 1: Structural characterization of the substrates. STM images (2.3 × 2.3 nm2) of a HOPG surface (a) and...
Figure 2: Structural characterization of the self-assembled PTCDI monolayers. Molecular formula of PTCDI-C13 ...
Figure 3: Normal incidence transmission spectra T, expressed as an optical density DO = −log(T/T0). SOL: a 10...
Figure 4: Optical signature of orientations of self-organized PTCDI-C13. Variable-incidence polarized-transmi...
Figure 1: Schematic of the model geometry for a nanosphere trimer. The model contains three concentric domain...
Figure 2: Maximum near-field enhancement, |E|max/E0, and absorption cross-section, σabs, of a 25 nm gold nano...
Figure 3: Maximum near-field enhancement, |E|max/E0, located at the hot zones of the assemblies or poles of t...
Figure 4: (a–d) Plots of the relative electric field enhancement, log10(|E|/E0), of 25 nm nanospheres and nan...
Figure 5: Nanoparticles of different morphology used in the model and corresponding parameters obtained to re...
Figure 6: Calculated free-electron densities for different nanoparticle morphologies and wavelengths of 6 ps ...
Figure 7: The optical breakdown threshold, Fth, which is required to reach the critical electron density, ρcr...
Figure 1: Synthesis of PIPEO block copolymers. (A) Reaction scheme for the synthesis of poly(1,4-isoprene-blo...
Figure 2: Confocal images of (A) giant unilamellar vesicles created by electroformation in saccharose solutio...
Figure 3: Thickness of pure PIPEO membranes determined by cryo-electron microscopy. (A) Micrographs of polyme...
Figure 4: SDS-PAGE of OmpF. The protein was purified from E. coli membranes by differential extractions using...
Figure 5: Channel activity of OmpF in planar lipopolymer membranes. Purified OmpF was added to both sides of ...
Figure 6: Bode representation of impedance and phase data of a planar PIPEO1530/DPhPC membrane in buffer cont...
Figure 1: Scanning electron microscopy of frog tongue surfaces. All images are at the same scale. A – Bombina...
Figure 2: Scanning electron microscopy of the filiform papillae on frog tongues. All images are at the same s...
Figure 3: Micro-CT images of tissue fragments that were derived from the surfaces of frog tongues. A – Bombin...
Figure 4: Virtual section through the micro-CT data of tongue tissue fragments at the level of the lacunar la...