Volatile organic compounds produced by the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria 85-10

• Teresa Weise,
• Marco Kai,
• Anja Gummesson,
• Armin Troeger,
• Stephan von Reuß,
• Silvia Piepenborn,
• Francine Kosterka,
• Martin Sklorz,
• Ralf Zimmermann,
• Wittko Francke and
• Birgit Piechulla

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 579–596, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.65

• ][24][25], which influence the growth of fungi [22][23][26][27]. In most cases the bacterial volatiles showed inhibitory activities (reviewed in [20]). We, therefore, hypothesized that volatile compounds emitted by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria 85-10 may also play a role as antagonistic

• ][41]. Dodecan-2-one (38) was found among the volatiles of Serratia strains [41], and decan-2-one (28) was released by an epilithic cyanobacterial biofilm of Rivularia sp. and Calothrix parietina [42]. The main component among the volatile compounds released by X. c. pv. vesicatoria 85-10, namely 10

• volatile compounds emitted by X. c. pv. vesicatoria 85-10, shows a close biogenetic relation to 11-methyldodec-2Z-enoic acid (compound V in Scheme 2), which has been described earlier as a metabolite produced by Xanthomonas [13]. Possible biogenetic pathways to the two compounds are shown in Scheme 2

The volatiles of pathogenic and nonpathogenic mycobacteria and related bacteria

• Thorben Nawrath,
• Georgies F. Mgode,
• Bart Weetjens,
• Stefan H. E. Kaufmann and
• Stefan Schulz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 290–299, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.31

• , and N. asteroides, using closed-loop stripping analysis (CLSA) for the collection of volatile compounds [15][16]. This method allows sampling for longer periods than SPME, and usually results in a lower detection limit. Compounds not detectable by SPME can thus be detected. SPME preferentially favors

• less volatile compounds [17]. Furthermore, SPME may have a discriminative effect, and our experience has shown that minor components are often not detected when large amounts of a major component are present. The investigated mycobacteria were in different stages of their lifecycles and grown on

• many mycobacteria [7][20]. Increased production of volatile compounds occurred in the stationary phase (i.e., starting after three weeks of growth), a phenomenon that corroborates the recent findings that M. tuberculosis culture is detected by trained rats mostly at this growth stage [20]. A full

The preparation of 3-substituted-1,5-dibromopentanes as precursors to heteracyclohexanes

• Bryan Ringstrand,
• Martin Oltmanns,
• Jeffrey A. Batt,
• Aleksandra Jankowiak,
• Richard P. Denicola and
• Piotr Kaszynski

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 386–393, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.49

• olefination of tetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-one gave substituted 4-methylenetetrahydropyrans 6a–6c and 6e in yields ranging from 20–40% (Scheme 8). Methylenetetrahydropyrans 6a and 6b are volatile compounds so again care should be taken during evaporation of solvent to maximize yields. Phosphoranes were generated