N-Arylation of amines, amides, imides and sulfonamides with arylboroxines catalyzed by simple copper salt/EtOH system

• Zhang-Guo Zheng,
• Jun Wen,
• Na Wang,
• Bo Wu and
• Xiao-Qi Yu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 40, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.40

• temperature, even reflux conditions. It is very dangerous to introduce oxygen or air into a reactor to regenerate the Cu catalyst under reflux condition because of possible explosion and fire hazards especially on large scale. Recently, Kantam et al. reported the N-arylation of imidazoles and amines with

• corresponding products in lower yield (Table 5, entry 19). A series of substituted imidazoles (Table 5, entries 5–8) and imides (Table 5, entries 1–4) were coupled with arylboroxine under the generalized reaction conditions to afford the corresponding products in excellent yields, which are comparable to the

Inversion symmetry and local vs. dispersive interactions in the nucleation of hydrogen bonded cyclic n-mer and tape of imidazolecarboxamidines

• Sihui Long,
• Venkatraj Muthusamy,
• Peter G. Willis,
• Sean Parkin and
• Arthur Cammers

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 23, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.23

• polymers (tape) [9][10], cyclic n-mers [2][11][12], or dimers. For example, imidazolecarboxamidines 2 and imidazoles 3 have similar hydrogen bonding options offering sp2-NH hydrogen bond donors and sp2-N atom hydrogen bond acceptors. However 3 directs the hydrogen bond donor and acceptor approximately

• molecules in Table 1 were synthesized by combining imidazoles with commercially available carbodiimides as in Figure 2. Even though the synthesis is easy, these molecules are very rare in the chemical literature. The products were crystallized under various conditions. In one of 21 syntheses, (R1 = NH2) a

• carboxamidines from commercial imidazoles and carbodiimides furnished a series of crystalline phases with related hydrogen bonding. The NCNC dihedral angle, θ, between the hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, was assigned values between +180° and −180°. Structures with opposite signs are conformational

Cobalt(II) chloride catalyzed one-pot synthesis of α-aminonitriles

• Surya K. De

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2005, 1, No. 8, doi:10.1186/1860-5397-1-8

• α-aminonitriles, which are useful intermediates for the synthesis of amino acids and nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as thiadiazoles, imidazoles, etc [2][3]. They are usually prepared by the nucleophilic addition of cyanide anion to imines. Numerous methods describing the preparation of α