Understanding the mechanism of Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution of the cyclic difluorinated carbonates

• Jun Xu,
• Xiao-Long Qiu and
• Feng-Ling Qing

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 18, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.18

• , Shanghai 201620, China 10.3762/bjoc.4.18 Abstract We present a mechanistic investigation of Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution of cyclic gem-difluorinated carbonates 1 and 4, previously employed in the synthesis of 3',3'-difluoro-2'-hydroxymethyl-4',5'-unsaturated carbocyclic nucleosides in 17 steps. The

• allylic substitution, in which the regioselectivity was reversed from that of nonfluorinated substrates. This reversed regioselectivity caused by fluorine interests us greatly. Herein, we present a mechanistic investigation of Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution of cyclic gem-difluorinated carbonates

• our knowledge, the effect of gem-difluoromethylene group on Pd-catalyzed cyclic allylic substitution has never been addressed so far. The regioselectivity was totally different from those of nonfluorinated substrates [18]. Unexpected and specific regioselectivity of Pd-catalytic asymmetric reactions

A superior P-H phosphonite: Asymmetric allylic substitutions with fenchol- based palladium catalysts

• Bernd Goldfuss,
• Thomas Löschmann,
• Tina Kop-Weiershausen,
• Jörg Neudörfl and
• Frank Rominger

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2006, 2, No. 7, doi:10.1186/1860-5397-2-7

• -ligands (Table 1). Conclusion Besides P, N-bidentate FENOP ligands, monodentate BIFOP ligands can be employed successfully in Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution of 1-phenyl-2-propenyl acetate with dimethylmalonate. Surprisingly, the halogen phosphites BIFOP-Cl and BIFOP-Br are stable towards nucleophiles

• extrapolated energies: BIFOP-H-re: -1025.01553 H, BIFOP-H-si: -1025.01466 H. The by 0.5 kcal mol-1 slightly preferred re-addition of the NH3 model nucleophile corresponds to the experimental S-alkylation product. Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution with unsymmetrical substrates (Nu = dimethylmalonate, Nf = OAc