Cyclisation mechanisms in the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesised and post-translationally modified peptides

• Andrew W. Truman

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1250–1268, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.120

• genome mining [155][156][157]. However, gene cluster identification does not provide detailed mechanistic information about post-translational modifications and there are numerous examples where key steps in pathways with sequenced gene clusters have not been characterised (see examples above). More

• ], although it is evident that many novel classes of RiPP await characterisation [7]. Despite the successes reported above, genome mining for novel RiPP clusters is hindered by a number of factors. Firstly, RiPP “gene clusters” can be as small as two genes: a precursor peptide and a tailoring protein

Marine-derived myxobacteria of the suborder Nannocystineae: An underexplored source of structurally intriguing and biologically active metabolites

• Antonio Dávila-Céspedes,
• Peter Hufendiek,
• Max Crüsemann,
• Till F. Schäberle and
• Gabriele M. König

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 969–984, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.96

• genome mining. Thus, knowledge derived from bioinformatic analysis of microbial genomes paved the way to gain detailed insights into bacterial secondary metabolism. Since then, in silico methods for genome mining have enormously advanced and effective experimental approaches for connecting genomic and

• offers the opportunity to find novel bioactive compounds with the potential to become drug leads. Regarding halotolerant myxobacteria, the 9 Mb genome of the Myxococcus fulvus strain HW-1 (ATCC BAA-855, suborder Cystobacterineae) was the first-of-its-kind to be sequenced [38]. Genome mining performed in

• ). The genome mining results are generated by feeding the software with the INSDC code of the annotated sequences. The databases are continuously updated, thus, results presented in this part of the review may vary in ulterior analyses. Our data, however, present a useful guide for future projects. For

Antibiotics from predatory bacteria

• Juliane Korp,
• María S. Vela Gurovic and
• Markus Nett

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 594–607, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.58

• : antibiotics; genome mining; Herpetosiphon; myxobacteria; predation; Introduction Microorganisms are major contributors to primary biomass production and nutrient cycling in nature. The composition of a microbial community shapes an ecosystem, but is also responsive to biotic and environmental cues. Predation

The regulation and biosynthesis of antimycins

• Ryan F. Seipke and
• Matthew I. Hutchings

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2556–2563, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.290

• biosynthetic pathway. Keywords: antimycins; gene regulation; genome mining; natural products; Streptomyces; Review It is estimated that around 60% of all known antibiotics are derived from secondary metabolites made by filamentous actinomycete bacteria, most notably Streptomyces species [1]. Streptomyces

• species is likely to grow rapidly with the advent of genome mining approaches, which start by identifying promising specialised metabolite gene clusters in whole genome sequences and then inducing their expression through chemical or genetic manipulation of the gene cluster in the native or a heterologous

• engineering of such pathways to generate new derivatives with improved pharmacological properties. We recently sequenced the genome of Streptomyces albus S4, which we isolated from the cuticle of the leaf-cutter ant Acromyrmex octospinosus [12][13]. Using genome-mining strategies, we identified the