Beilstein J. Org. Chem.2021,17, 2164–2185, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.139
-containing homo- and copolymers, including brief descriptions of their key properties.
Keywords: azulene; chemical synthesis; copolymer; non-alternant hydrocarbon; organic electronics; polyazulene; Introduction
Azulene (C10H8) is a non-alternant, non-benzenoid, 10 π electron aromatic hydrocarbon containing
synthesis of azulene-containing homo- and copolymers that have been achieved during the last three decades.
Review
Azulene-containing homopolymers
The polyazulenes
The earliest chemical synthesis of polyazulene was reported by Neoh, Kang, and Tan in 1988 [18]. Their strategy was based on the oxidative
polymerization of azulene (1) by iodine or bromine to obtain polyazulene–iodine/bromine complexes (PAz-I2/PAz-Br2) (Scheme 1).
The PAZ-I2 complex was found to be insoluble whereas PAZ-Br2 was sparingly soluble in most of the organic solvents. Although no structure was proposed for these polymer complexes, based
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Graphical Abstract
Figure 1:
Chemical structure, numbering scheme, and resonance form of azulene.