Electron transport through nanoscale multilayer graphene and hexagonal boron nitride junctions

• Aleksandar Staykov and
• Takaya Fujisaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2132–2143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.147

• graphene-based electronics and as a dielectric material in nanoelectronics devices. It finds application regarding corrosion resistance and antioxidation protective coatings [19]. Due to its high thermal conductivity and electrical insulation, h-BN is used in thermal management applications. h-BN is used

• findings establish h-BN as a high-quality, atomically thin dielectric suitable for next-generation tunneling devices and graphene-based heterostructures. From the results in Figure 4, Figure 5, Table 1, and Table 2 we can conclude that, at thicknesses of one to three layers, the transport is dominated by

Stereodiscrimination of guests in chiral organosilica aerogels studied by ESR spectroscopy

• Sebastian Polarz,
• Yasar Krysiak,
• Martin Wessig and
• Florian Kuhlmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2034–2054, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.140

• first as this, according to [42][44], alters the difference in the interaction profiles. Isopropanol (ε = 18.3, μ = 1.66 D) has a lower dielectric constant ε and lower dipole moment μ than ethanol (ε = 24.2, μ = 1.69 D). Because of the carboxyl group in 3CP (see Figure 3), together with the dipole

Laser ablation in liquids for shape-tailored synthesis of nanomaterials: status and challenges

• Natalie Tarasenka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1963–1997, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.137

• process with the formation of dendritic structures. The authors discussed the evolution of NP shape based on the electrostatic attraction between species released from the plasma plume and liquid molecules, so that the resulting shape of the forming NPs would depend on the dielectric constant and dipole

Quantum circuits with SINIS structures

• Mikhail Tarasov,
• Mikhail Fominskii,
• Aleksandra Gunbina,
• Artem Krasilnikov,
• Maria Mansfeld,
• Dmitrii Kukushkin,
• Andrei Maruhno,
• Valeria Ievleva,
• Mikhail Strelkov,
• Daniil Zhogov,
• Konstantin Arutyunov,
• Vyacheslav Vdovin,
• Vladislav Stolyarov and
• Valerian Edelman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1931–1941, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.134

• tunnel junction In tunnel structures, the barrier is a dielectric layer between two metal films (often the oxide layer on the surface of the first metal layer is used as a dielectric). The first experimental study of a tunnel junction was carried out in 1960 [21] for an aluminum–aluminum oxide–lead

Low-temperature AFM with a microwave cavity optomechanical transducer

• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• August K. Roos,
• Erik Holmgren,
• Riccardo Borgani,
• Mats O. Tholén and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.130

• in the literature [28][29][30]. The main limitation to the internal quality factor of our microwave resonators is the highly disordered low-stress Si–N layer, which causes significant dielectric losses [31]. As discussed above, the figure of merit of a displacement detector should be evaluated with

Electrical, photocatalytic, and sensory properties of graphene oxide and polyimide implanted with low- and medium-energy silver ions

• Josef Novák,
• Eva Štěpanovská,
• Petr Malinský,
• Vlastimil Mazánek,
• Jan Luxa,
• Ulrich Kentsch and
• Zdeněk Sofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1794–1811, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.123

• controlled modification of the electrical properties of dielectric and semiconducting materials [7]. When Ag ions are implanted into polymer substrates, such as polyimide (PI) or graphene oxide (GO), fundamental changes occur at the molecular and electronic levels, leading to a significant decrease in the

Ambient pressure XPS at MAX IV

• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Ulrike Küst,
• Alexander Klyushin,
• Rosemary Jones,
• Jan Knudsen,
• Robert Temperton,
• Andrey Shavorskiy and
• Esko Kokkonen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1677–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.118

• , even on topologically complex surfaces, making it essential for the fabrication of next-generation devices [46][47][48]. In the semiconductor industry, ALD enables the creation of nanoscale transistors and high-k dielectric materials, essential for shrinking transistor dimensions and enhancing

Modeling magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms used as a component of spin hybrid superconductor–ferromagnetic structures

• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina,
• Anastasia Salomatina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1557–1566, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.110

• ], reinforcing, light-reflecting, conductive, and dielectric materials. Their utilization extends to contacts, printed circuit boards, and integrated circuit elements in microelectronics, as well as to the fabrication of optical filters, the component base of optoelectronics, and advanced lithographic processes

Transient electronics for sustainability: Emerging technologies and future directions

• Jae-Young Bae,
• Myung-Kyun Choi and
• Seung-Kyun Kang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1545–1556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.109

• such as Mg and Mo have been deposited onto bioresorbable polymer substrates in the form of resistive-type sensors or interconnects using shadow masking techniques [14][48][63][64]. In addition, semiconductor or dielectric materials such as ZnO and MgO have been patterned and deposited using shadow

• semiconductor processes, the substitution of conventional dielectric and metal layers with biodegradable counterparts suggests the feasibility of wafer-scale foundry integration (Figure 2d) [80]. For example, the foundry-scale fabrication of transient complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor devices (inverter

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• illustrations of the pulsed laser heating mechanism are presented in Figure 7f,g. Factors such as laser fluence, irradiation time, and solvent properties, such as dielectric constant and thermal conductivity, must be carefully controlled to optimize nanoparticle formation [49][68][69][75]. Other factors like

The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts

• Tuan Minh Truong Dang,
• Thao Thu Thi Huynh,
• Guo-Ping Chang-Chien and
• Ha Manh Bui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102

• type and size, of 98.4% for PP (1–2 mm), 98.2% for cellulose acetate (1–2 mm), 91.7% for PE (286.7 µm), and 93.2% for polymethyl methacrylate (6.3 µm) [77]. The dielectric properties of MPs also influence electrocoagulation performance; for example, PVC (insulator 10 × 105 Ω·cm) undergoes optimal

Wavelength-dependent correlation of LIPSS periodicity and laser penetration depth in stainless steel

• Nitin Chaudhary,
• Chavan Akash Naik,
• Shilpa Mangalassery,
• Jai Prakash Gautam and
• Sri Ram Gopal Naraharisetty

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1302–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.95

• modulation of the net localized energy distribution on the surface, and this field absorption is manifested as LIPSS on the surface. This process depends on several experimental factors, namely, incident wavelength, polarization, material dielectric, dielectric, fluence of the laser, pulse width, repetition

• angle, the period of the resulting ripples can be determined using the equation [57][58][59]: where Λ is the ripple periodicity (LSFL spatial periodicity), λ is the incident wavelength, and εd and εm are the dielectric constants of the medium and metal, respectively. εd = 1 (dielectric constant of the

• on tissue penetration during light–tissue interaction. They found that higher wavelengths result in greater penetration depth, while larger spot sizes do not significantly increase penetration depth [63]. The penetration depth depends on the material’s dielectric properties and the interface’s

Piezoelectricity of hexagonal boron nitrides improves bone tissue generation as tested on osteoblasts

• Sevin Adiguzel,
• Nilay Cicek,
• Zehra Cobandede,
• Feray B. Misirlioglu,
• Hulya Yilmaz and
• Mustafa Culha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1068–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.78

• , making them particularly attractive for biomedical applications. [21][22]. Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is one of the most well-known piezoelectric nanomaterials (NMs), characterized by a cubic structure with four polymorphs which change depending on the temperature and a high dielectric constant. All its

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

• Maximilian Spellauge,
• David Redka,
• Mianzhen Mo,
• Changyong Song,
• Heinz Paul Huber and
• Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

• given by the dielectric functions of metal and medium and are described by Mie theory [113]. Mie theory allows one to derive absolute absorption and scattering cross sections of primarily spherical or core–shell objects, but also different shapes by extensions of the Mie–Gans [114] theory or numerical

• nanobubbles [127] shown in Figure 8B. The SPR of liquid metal particles, such as gold, should drastically change because of the change of the dielectric function. Nevertheless, the melting transition has never been detected spectroscopically on an ultrafast timescale. In thin-film geometry, the optical

Heat-induced transformation of nickel-coated polycrystalline diamond film studied in situ by XPS and NEXAFS

• Olga V. Sedelnikova,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy,
• Yuri N. Palyanov,
• Elena V. Shlyakhova,
• Eugene A. Maksimovskiy,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva and
• Aleksandr V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 887–898, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.67

• of diamond surfaces is important for many applications, which require the formation of thin conductive electrodes on dielectric substrates. Transition metal catalysts can facilitate the graphitization process, which depends on the diamond face orientation. In the present work, the role of a nickel

• surface. Our results can be useful for controlling the growth of graphitic coatings on dielectric diamond surfaces with a polycrystalline structure and grains of different sizes and crystallographic orientations. Experimental The growth of PCD films on silicon substrates was performed using PE CVD with a

Morphology and properties of pyrite nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation in liquid and thin films for photodetection

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• Rene Fabian Cienfuegos Pelaes,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• Josué Amílcar Aguilar-Martínez and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 785–805, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.60

• experimental variables that cause the kinetics of the nanoparticles formation to change, resulting in nanoparticles with different sizes and morphologies [40]. Thermodynamic properties such as density, dielectric constant, viscosity, vapor pressure, and optical properties of the solvents are some of the

Nanoscale capacitance spectroscopy based on multifrequency electrostatic force microscopy

• Pascal N. Rohrbeck,
• Lukas D. Cavar,
• Franjo Weber,
• Peter G. Reichel,
• Mara Niebling and
• Stefan A. L. Weber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 637–651, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.49

• , enabling the measurement of the local dielectric function over a wide range of frequencies. We demonstrate the reliable operation of MFH-EFM using standard atomic force microscopy equipment plus an external lock-in amplifier up to a frequency of 5 MHz, which can in principle be extended to gigahertz

• frequencies and beyond. Our results show a significant reduction of signal background from long-range electrostatic interactions, resulting in highly localized measurements. Combined with refined tip–sample capacitance models, MFH-EFM will enhance the precision of quantitative studies on dielectric effects in

• nanoscale systems across materials science, biology, and nanotechnology, complementing established methods in the field. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; capacitance gradients; dielectric constant; dielectric spectroscopy; heterodyne frequency mixing; Kelvin probe force microscopy; multifrequency AFM

Water in nanoporous hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets: a first-principles study

• Juliana A. Gonçalves,
• Ronaldo J. C. Batista and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 510–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.39

• boron nitride (h-BN) [19]. Among these materials, h-BN stands out because of its properties, which are similar to those of graphene. It is composed of alternating boron and nitrogen atoms arranged in a honeycomb-like crystalline structure, characterized by high thermal stability, low dielectric constant

Tailoring of physical properties of RF-sputtered ZnTe films: role of substrate temperature

• Kafi Devi,
• Usha Rani,
• Arun Kumar,
• Divya Gupta and
• Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 333–348, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.25

• ]. The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss of the deposited ZnTe films exhibit a similar pattern and were also found to decrease with increasing substrate temperature (see below). Photoluminescence studies Photoluminescence (PL) studies were carried out to analyse the films’ electronic features

Enhancing mechanical properties of chitosan/PVA electrospun nanofibers: a comprehensive review

• Nur Areisman Mohd Salleh,
• Amalina Muhammad Afifi,
• Fathiah Mohamed Zuki and
• Hanna Sofia SalehHudin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 286–307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.22

• chitosan/PVA nanofibers using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and reported enhanced wettability, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of the fibers. The argon and oxygen plasma treatments led to significant cross-linking of the fibers, which improved tensile strength and Young’s modulus

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• the dielectric environment present during their synthesis (see below in Figure 2b) [48][49]. Because of the direct occurrence of photothermal conversion on the surfaces of LSPR metals and its rapid nature, combined with the metals’ inherent high thermal conductivity and strong hydrophilicity, LSPR

Theoretical study of the electronic and optical properties of a composite formed by the zeolite NaA and a magnetite cluster

• Joel Antúnez-García,
• Roberto Núñez-González,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• H’Linh Hmok,
• Armando Reyes-Serrato,
• Fabian N. Murrieta-Rico,
• Mufei Xiao and
• Jonathan Zamora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 44–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.5

• evident that for energies below 6.8 eV (the value that corresponds to the zeolite bandgap), the value of ε2 is practically zero. Under such circumstances, the velocity (v) of electromagnetic wave propagation in a dielectric medium can be described as , where c is the speed of light in a vacuum. Within

Fabrication of hafnium-based nanoparticles and nanostructures using picosecond laser ablation

• Abhishek Das,
• Mangababu Akkanaboina,
• Jagannath Rathod,
• R. Sai Prasad Goud,
• Kanaka Ravi Kumar,
• Raghu C. Reddy,
• Ratheesh Ravendran,
• Katia Vutova,
• S. V. S. Nageswara Rao and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1639–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.129

• [8] compared to bulk Hf. HfO2 is a wide-bandgap (5.68 eV) material with a high dielectric constant (≈25) [9][10]. HfC has a very high melting point (≈3900 °C) and ranks among the hardest materials, with a Vickers hardness value exceeding 20 GPa [4][11]. The properties vary substantially depending on

Heterogeneous reactions in a HFCVD reactor: simulation using a 2D model

• Xochitl Aleyda Morán Martínez,
• José Alberto Luna López,
• Zaira Jocelyn Hernández Simón,
• Gabriel Omar Mendoza Conde,
• José Álvaro David Hernández de Luz and
• Godofredo García Salgado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1627–1638, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.128

• for the subsequent growth of the SiOx films. These SiOx films have interesting properties and embedded nanostructures, which make them excellent dielectric, optoelectronic, and electroacoustic materials for the fabrication of devices compatible with silicon-based technology. Keywords: 2D model

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• high dielectric constant enables the fabrication of photonic crystals characterized by high-quality factors and minimal losses [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The combination of LiNbO3 and TiO2 in multi-stacked 1D PhC holds promise for optical applications [5]. The birefringence and electro-optic