Nanomaterials for biomedical applications

• Iqra Zainab,
• Zohra Naseem,
• Syeda Rubab Batool,
• Filippo Pierini,
• Seda Kizilel and
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1499–1503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.105

• [9]. Along with liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles have turned out to be an equally dynamic platform. Typically, these particles are composed of biodegradable materials, such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or chitosan. One of the main advantages of polymers is that they can be designed to

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• , and catalysis. However, challenges remain, such as the need for improved productivity, narrower size distributions, and better understanding of the dynamic processes involved in laser interactions with liquid media. 1.5 Laser-induced defect engineering in liquids Laser-based techniques have unlocked

The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts

• Tuan Minh Truong Dang,
• Thao Thu Thi Huynh,
• Guo-Ping Chang-Chien and
• Ha Manh Bui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102

• -occurrences, CiteSpace provides advanced temporal and structural metrics, such as betweenness centrality, to map pivotal connections and identify transformative shifts in scientific literature. While VOSviewer excels in intuitive knowledge mapping over time, CiteSpace offers deeper insights into the dynamic

Enhancing the therapeutical potential of metalloantibiotics using nano-based delivery systems

• Alejandro Llamedo,
• Marina Cano,
• Raquel G. Soengas and
• Francisco J. García-Alonso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1350–1366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.98

• by dynamic light scattering. The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa) and compared to the free complex 18. While neither free drug 18 nor the encapsulated

Ferroptosis induction by engineered liposomes for enhanced tumor therapy

• Alireza Ghasempour,
• Mohammad Amin Tokallou,
• Mohammad Reza Naderi Allaf,
• Mohsen Moradi,
• Hamideh Dehghan,
• Mahsa Sedighi,
• Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi and
• Fahimeh Lavi Arab

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1325–1349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.97

• ][120]. 3.2 Characterization of liposomes Characterization of liposomes is important to ensure their quality and performance as drug delivery systems. Several techniques are commonly used to analyze the properties of liposomes, including size, lamellarity, surface charge, and EE [110][121]. Dynamic

Acrocomia aculeata oil-loaded nanoemulsion: development, anti-inflammatory properties, and cytotoxicity evaluation

• Verónica Bautista-Robles,
• Hady Keita,
• Edgar Julián Paredes Gamero,
• Layna Tayná Brito Leite,
• Jessica de Araújo Isaías Muller,
• Mônica Cristina Toffoli Kadri,
• Ariadna Lafourcade Prada and
• Jesús Rafael Rodríguez Amado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1277–1288, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.93

• , maintaining consistent zeta potential and droplet size parameters over a 180-day storage period at 25 ± 2 °C. Dynamic light scattering analysis revealed a mean nanodroplet size (by intensity) of 173.6 ± 0.70 nm (Figure 2A). The nanoemulsion, composed of 0.28 parts of Span 80® and 0.72 parts of Tween 80

• the smallest droplet size was selected as the (HLBr) to emulsify bocaiúva oil [63]. Droplet size and zeta potential Droplet size and polydispersity index (PDI) were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) with a Zetasizer Nano-ZS instrument (Malvern, UK). Zeta potential was determined by

Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy

• Imran Shair Mohammad,
• Gizem Kursunluoglu,
• Anup Kumar Patel,
• Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq,
• Cansu Umran Tunc,
• Dilek Kanarya,
• Mubashar Rehman,
• Omer Aydin and
• Yin Lifang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92

• vehicles released by most of the cells. These phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles are surface-enriched with proteins accounting for their dynamic and prominent roles in immune escape, cell–cell communication, and specific cell uptake [103]. They are small in size (30–150 nm), bypass biological barriers, and

Investigation of the solubility of protoporphyrin IX in aqueous and hydroalcoholic solvent systems

• Michelly de Sá Matsuoka,
• Giovanna Carla Cadini Ruiz,
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi and
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1209–1215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.89

• , complementary methods may be performed together, such as dynamic light scattering [26] and turbidimetry [27]. Furthermore, TEM analysis can provide a more accurate understanding of the incorporation of PpIX into the micellar systems, overcoming the limitations associated with spectrophotometric estimations

Chitosan nanocomposite containing rotenoids: an alternative bioinsecticidal approach for the management of Aedes aegypti

• Maria A. A. Bertonceli,
• Vitor D. C. Cristo,
• Ivo J. Vieira,
• Francisco J. A. Lemos,
• Arnoldo R. Façanha,
• Raimundo Braz-Filho,
• Gustavo V. T. Batista,
• Luis G. M. Basso,
• Sérgio H. Seabra,
• Thalya S. R. Nogueira,
• Felipe F. Moreira,
• Arícia L. E. M. Assis,
• Antônia E. A. Oliveira and
• Kátia V. S. Fernandes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1197–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.88

• , controls), while the other corresponded to nanocomposites containing rotenoids (CS/TPP rot and CS/TPP–β-CD rot). Size, polydispersity, and zeta potential The average size (in nm) and PDI of the nanoparticles were measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS) on the Litesizer DLS 500 instrument (Anton Paar

Mechanical stability of individual bacterial cells under different osmotic pressure conditions: a nanoindentation study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

• Lizeth García-Torres,
• Idania De Alba Montero,
• Eleazar Samuel Kolosovas-Machuca,
• Facundo Ruiz,
• Sumati Bhatia,
• Jose Luis Cuellar Camacho and
• Jaime Ruiz-García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1171–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.86

• membrane tension and rigidity are two intertwined physical parameters with a dynamic behavior dictated by the internal turgor pressure of the bacteria during swelling or plasmolysis. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of their mechanical response due to changes in external conditions or exposure to

• swelling. This demonstrates the remarkable dynamic capacity of the MS channels to rapidly mitigate hazardous internal pressures in highly diluted solutions. Therefore, we expect high membrane tension values to occur but in a very narrow period (within ≈100 ms after exposure), making it challenging to

Fabrication of metal complex phthalocyanine and porphyrin nanoparticle aqueous colloids by pulsed laser fragmentation in liquid and their potential application to a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy

• Taisei Himeda,
• Risako Kunitomi,
• Ryosuke Nabeya,
• Tamotsu Zako and
• Tsuyoshi Asahi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1088–1096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.80

• within the nanoparticles. The hydrodynamic diameter of the colloidal dispersion was examined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements, and the Z-average value was 96 nm (see Figure S2, Supporting Information File 1). The fabricated nanoparticles remained stably dispersed over a period of one month

• microcrystalline powder into small nanoparticles with high efficiency. The particle size was determined by dynamic light scattering measurements (Zetasizer nanoS, Malvern Instruments). In this analysis, the prepared colloids were diluted more than tenfold with ion-exchanged water. Dispersion stability Dispersion

Piezoelectricity of hexagonal boron nitrides improves bone tissue generation as tested on osteoblasts

• Sevin Adiguzel,
• Nilay Cicek,
• Zehra Cobandede,
• Feray B. Misirlioglu,
• Hulya Yilmaz and
• Mustafa Culha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1068–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.78

• -Vis-NIR) measured optical properties across the 200–800 nm range, while dynamic light scattering (DLS, Malvern Panalytical) provided data on hydrodynamic size and zeta potential after dispersing 1 mg of material in 1 mL of deionized water and sonicating for 30 min. Finally, piezoresponse force

Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77

• substantial molecular amplification, the surface is occasionally designated a “command surface” or “command layer”. Furthermore, other dynamic optical functions are being investigated, including photomechanical motion utilizing block copolymer monolayers, morphological switching, photoinduced mass transfer

• represented examples, these materials possess flexible structures while exhibiting physical properties based on an ordered structure. Additionally, they are advantageous for expressing diverse dynamic physical properties, including stimuli responsiveness and carrier mobility. Liquid crystals and plastic

• any unreacted sites on the SAM, thereby ensuring maximum repeat coverage on a dynamic and statistical basis. This nanoarchitectonics approach enables the assembly of polymer arrays on substrates with uniform sub-nanometer morphology, ultrahigh modulus, and high conductivity. The optical and electrical

Multifunctional properties of bio-poly(butylene succinate) reinforced with multiwalled carbon nanotubes

• Volodymyr Krasinskyi,
• Krzysztof Bajer,
• Ludmila Dulebova,
• Nickolas Polychronopoulos,
• Oksana Krasinska and
• Daniel Kaczor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1014–1024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.76

• and water absorption of PBS; however, it significantly influences surface wettability and tribological properties (Table 3). The dynamic and static coefficients of friction for the PBS/CNT_0.5 nanocomposite are 1.7 and 1.3–1.7 times lower, respectively, than those of the pure PBS. The surface

• – Determination of Wetting Tension”. The tests were conducted on the smooth side of the PBS and PBS/CNT_0.5 films. Dynamic (µD) and static (µS) coefficients of friction tests were conducted using the TIRAtest 27025 testing machine (TIRA Maschinenbau GmbH, Schalkau, Germany), equipped with a specialized attachment

A calix[4]arene-based supramolecular nanoassembly targeting cancer cells and triggering the release of nitric oxide with green light

• Cristina Parisi,
• Loredana Ferreri,
• Tassia J. Martins,
• Francesca Laneri,
• Samantha Sollima,
• Antonina Azzolina,
• Antonella Cusimano,
• Nicola D’Antona,
• Grazia M. L. Consoli and
• Salvatore Sortino

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1003–1013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.75

• typical features of the ABF chromophore [55][56][57][58][59][62][63][64] with a maximum at ca. 480 nm (Figure 1A). However, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements evidenced that, in line with its amphiphilic character, compound 1 is not present in the monomeric form but as nanoaggregates ca. 180 nm

• equation: Dynamic light scattering measurements were performed on a ZetaSizer NanoZS90 (Malvern Instrument, UK), equipped with a 633 nm laser, at a scattering angle of 90° and at 25 °C. In a manner analogous to [70], photolysis experiments were performed by irradiating the samples in solution in a

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

• Maximilian Spellauge,
• David Redka,
• Mianzhen Mo,
• Changyong Song,
• Heinz Paul Huber and
• Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

• offers the advantage of studying non-equilibrium phase transitions without relying on a priori models. In pump–probe imaging experiments, specimens are excited using femtosecond optical laser pulses and subsequently imaged at defined time delays to capture their dynamic responses. This method is

• a photocathode-based ultrashort electron pulse generator into a lab-based electron microscope, dynamic imaging of single specimens via pump–probe electron microscopy became possible. For instance, a spin state transition in the metal–organic framework Fe(pyrazine)Pt(CN)4 NPs was induced by

• nanosecond laser pulses, resulting in a high- to low-spin transition accompanied by morphological deformations coupled with lattice dynamics. Femtosecond X-ray laser pulses from X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have further revolutionized dynamic X-ray imaging. Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) [68][69

Shape, membrane morphology, and morphodynamic response of metabolically active human mitochondria revealed by scanning ion conductance microscopy

• Eric Lieberwirth,
• Anja Schaeper,
• Regina Lange,
• Ingo Barke,
• Simone Baltrusch and
• Sylvia Speller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 951–967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.73

• studied as isolated compartments but as components of a highly dynamic network. This mitochondrial network undergoes constant restructuring through processes of fusion and fission and interacts extensively with other organelles. Mitochondria are moved along the cytoskeleton and undergo fusion and fission

• this work, we employ SICM to investigate the shape, dynamics, and nanomorphology of metabolically active, isolated mitochondria, with a specific focus on the outer mitochondrial membrane. Furthermore, we identify and characterise two distinct dynamic effects observed in time-dependent topography data

Insights into the electronic and atomic structures of cerium oxide-based ultrathin films and nanostructures using high-brilliance light sources

• Paola Luches and
• Federico Boscherini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 860–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.65

• light sources, such as synchrotrons and free-electron lasers, allow researchers to probe the structural, electronic, and dynamic properties of functional materials at an unprecedented level of detail. Techniques like X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, can reveal atomic

• perspectives offered by the ultrahigh brilliance and ultrashort free-electron laser pulses for dynamic studies of the processes that take place upon photoexcitation are discussed. Keywords: cerium oxide; free-electron lasers; thin films; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

• dynamic processes occurring for example upon photoexcitation. Among transition metal oxides, cerium oxide (or ceria) has unique redox properties, linked to the relative stability of Ce cations in the 4+ and 3+ oxidation states, which make the material highly effective in automotive catalysts and in the

Changes of structural, magnetic and spectroscopic properties of microencapsulated iron sucrose nanoparticles in saline

• Sabina Lewińska,
• Pavlo Aleshkevych,
• Roman Minikayev,
• Anna Bajorek,
• Mateusz Dulski,
• Krystian Prusik,
• Tomasz Wojciechowski and
• Anna Ślawska-Waniewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 762–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.59

• , there is no doubt that they are consistent with each other, as in both cases there are no signs of Fe-containing phases. Magnetic studies (dc and ac) results and analysis Undissolved sample FS0 The results of static and dynamic temperature magnetic measurements of the FS0 sample are presented in Figure

Serum heat inactivation diminishes ApoE-mediated uptake of D-Lin-MC3-DMA lipid nanoparticles

• Demian van Straten,
• Luuk van de Schepop,
• Rowan Frunt,
• Pieter Vader and
• Raymond M. Schiffelers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 740–748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.57

• Slide-A-Lyzer, MWCO 20,000, 0.5–3 mL, dark, 4 °C). LNP stocks were stored at 4 °C in the dark. LNP characterization The hydrodynamic diameter of LNPs was determined via dynamic light scattering (DLS). LNP stocks were diluted 1:20 in PBS and analyzed at 25 °C using a ZetaSizer Nano ZS 90 (Malvern

High-temperature epitaxial growth of tantalum nitride thin films on MgO: structural evolution and potential for SQUID applications

• Michelle Cedillo Rosillo,
• Oscar Contreras López,
• Jesús Antonio Díaz,
• Agustín Conde Gallardo and
• Harvi A. Castillo Cuero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 690–699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.53

• the displacement of O2, effectively reducing the incorporation of O₂ within the thin films. The interaction between a laser-generated plume and the surrounding background gas is a dynamic and complex process significantly influenced by the background gas pressure. Understanding these interactions is

Colloidal few layered graphene–tannic acid preserves the biocompatibility of periodontal ligament cells

• Teissir Ben Ammar,
• Naji Kharouf,
• Dominique Vautier,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Nivedita Sudheer,
• Philippe Lavalle and
• Vincent Ball

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.51

• determination of the size distribution was attempted by means of dynamic light scattering but was unsuccessful owing to the lack of transparency of the suspensions even after strong dilution. The TEM images also reveal visible granules atop the layers (Figure 1D,E). Additional analysis of these granules (Figure

Nanoscale capacitance spectroscopy based on multifrequency electrostatic force microscopy

• Pascal N. Rohrbeck,
• Lukas D. Cavar,
• Franjo Weber,
• Peter G. Reichel,
• Mara Niebling and
• Stefan A. L. Weber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 637–651, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.49

• gradients are changing periodically. This periodic fluctuation of the capacitance gradient adds an additional dynamic component to Equations Equation 3–Equation 5. Using a Fourier expansion for the capacitance gradient yields [18]: By inserting Equation 6 into Equations Equation 3–Equation 5, we find that

A formulation containing Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil: improvement of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

• Ailton Santos Sena-Júnior,
• Cleverton Nascimento Santana Andrade,
• Pedro Henrique Macedo Moura,
• Jocsã Hémany Cândido dos Santos,
• Cauãn Torres Trancoso,
• Eloia Emanuelly Dias Silva,
• Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues Silva,
• Ênio Pereira Telles,
• Luiz André Santos Silva,
• Isabella Lima Dantas Teles,
• Sara Fernanda Mota de Almeida,
• Daniel Alves de Souza,
• Jileno Ferreira Santos,
• Felipe José Aidar Martins,
• Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva,
• Sandra Lauton-Santos,
• Guilherme Rodolfo Souza de Araujo,
• Cristiane Bani Correa,
• Rogéria De Souza Nunes,
• Lysandro Pinto Borges and
• Ana Amélia Moreira Lira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 617–636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.48

• characterizing nanostructured systems such as MEs, including droplet size, optical properties, and rheological profile. M7-EOCF therefore underwent tests to investigate these parameters. First, the M7-EOCF sample was analyzed by dynamic light scattering, which showed that the system had an average hydrodynamic

• indicate that, despite the significant damage observed in the MET group, there are signs of tissue regeneration, showing a dynamic balance between inflammatory aggression and the liver’s reparative response. Histopathological analysis of the CONTROL group (Figure 13) revealed less inflammation and vascular

• determined by dynamic light scattering using Zetasizer Nano ZS equipment (Malvern Instruments, UK). For this purpose, about 1,000 μL of the sample, undiluted and at a temperature of 25 °C, were inserted into a cuvette suitable for carrying out the measurements [8]. The optical properties of the samples were

Nanomaterials in targeting amyloid-β oligomers: current advances and future directions for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapy

• Shiwani Randhawa,
• Trilok Chand Saini,
• Manik Bathla,
• Rahul Bhardwaj,
• Rubina Dhiman and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 561–580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.44

• exist in equilibrium with monomeric and fibrillar forms. This dynamic nature poses a challenge for therapies that rely on specific binding, as the target may change rapidly in response to environmental factors or therapeutic intervention. As a result, the predominant strategies for targeting AβOs have