On the road to sustainability – application of metallic nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis in dentistry: a scoping review

• Lorena Pinheiro Vasconcelos Silva,
• Joice Catiane Soares Martins,
• Israel Luís Carvalho Diniz,
• Júlio Abreu Miranda,
• Danilo Rodrigues de Souza,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Moan Jéfter Fernandes Costa and
• Pedro Henrique Sette-de-Souza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1851–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.128

• recently become the focus of significant attention [18][19]. The eco-friendly applications of AgNPs in the biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, sanitation, and electronic sectors have driven extensive research into their biosynthesis [20][21][22]. Silver nanoparticles exhibit unique physical and chemical

Further insights into the thermodynamics of linear carbon chains for temperatures ranging from 13 to 300 K

• Alexandre Rocha Paschoal,
• Thiago Alves de Moura,
• Juan S. Rodríguez-Hernández,
• Carlos William de Araujo Paschoal,
• Yoong Ahm Kim,
• Morinobu Endo and
• Paulo T. Araujo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.125

• gradients), and mechanical (e.g., pressure variations) stimuli [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. These responses are directly connected with electronic and transport properties, which in turn depend on the equilibrium between emission and absorption of

• , presenting rather simple electronic and phonon structures that are dependent on N [31][32]. When they are host-free, their phonon structures present longitudinal and transversal modes but their encapsulation by CNT inhibits transversal modes [29][30][31][32][55][56][57][58][59]. This inhibition seems to be

• Raman spectra as well as the independent evolution as a function of temperature of the Raman bands from CNT and LCC (see Figure 1 and Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1) suggest that the interaction between distinct LCC, and LCC and CNT are not strong enough to affect their electronic and phonon

Piezoelectricity of layered double hydroxides: perspectives regarding piezocatalysis and nanogenerators

• Evgeniy S. Seliverstov,
• Evgeniya A. Tarasenko and
• Olga E. Lebedeva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1812–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.124

• nanostructure itself demonstrated a piezoelectric charge coefficient of 274 pm·V−1. This work opens the door to future applications of LDHs in smart wearable electronic devices as both power generators and supercapacitors. In addition to the intrinsic piezoelectric properties of LDHs, it has been demonstrated

• evidence demonstrated that dual oxygen vacancies in Ni/Fe-LDHs create interfacial bonds that mitigate carrier localization effects and unfavorable influences during piezocatalysis and photocatalysis. These features promote exciton dissociation and charge transfer. Furthermore, the strong electronic

• carrier localization effects), or to interfacial electronic interactions that facilitate charge transfer. While these mechanisms may coexist, many publications lack the necessary control experiments (e.g., mechanical stimulation without light/oxidant, photocatalysis without stress, or defect-free samples

Electrical, photocatalytic, and sensory properties of graphene oxide and polyimide implanted with low- and medium-energy silver ions

• Josef Novák,
• Eva Štěpanovská,
• Petr Malinský,
• Vlastimil Mazánek,
• Jan Luxa,
• Ulrich Kentsch and
• Zdeněk Sofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1794–1811, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.123

• for the precise introduction of implanted atoms into the surface layers without the need for subsequent chemical modification, thus opening new possibilities in the development of functional thin films. In this study, Ag ions were used to modify polymer matrices to improve chemical and electronic

• different electronic stopping behavior, which results in a distinct ionization of the surrounding matrix. Furthermore, the chemical reactivity of Ag towards functional groups in polymers differs from that of Cu or C, potentially leading to unique structural modifications and functional responses. Among

• controlled modification of the electrical properties of dielectric and semiconducting materials [7]. When Ag ions are implanted into polymer substrates, such as polyimide (PI) or graphene oxide (GO), fundamental changes occur at the molecular and electronic levels, leading to a significant decrease in the

Ambient pressure XPS at MAX IV

• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Ulrike Küst,
• Alexander Klyushin,
• Rosemary Jones,
• Jan Knudsen,
• Robert Temperton,
• Andrey Shavorskiy and
• Esko Kokkonen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1677–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.118

• spectroscopy (XPS) is a powerful surface science technique that enables the investigation of modifications in the chemical environment of a sample surface and its electronic states, owing to its exceptional surface sensitivity. However, the requirement for ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions previously limited

• operando. With IRRAS, vibrational information is available, which greatly complements the electronic information obtained by photoelectron spectroscopy. This combination enables a more complete picture of surface reaction mechanisms. The examples discussed here focus on “model catalysts”, that is, systems

• reactions in batteries, fuel cells, corrosion, and electrocatalysis. With the advent of ambient pressure setups and specially designed sample environments, APXPS now allows for direct probing of the chemical and electronic structure at solid–liquid interfaces under realistic conditions. This capability

Energy spectrum and quantum phase transition of the coupled single spin and an infinitely coordinated Ising chain

• Seidali Seidov,
• Natalia Pugach and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1668–1676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.117

• Seidali Seidov Natalia Pugach Anatolie Sidorenko HSE University, Moscow, Russia NUST MISIS, Moscow, Russia Technical University of Moldova, Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies, Republic of Moldova Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia 10.3762/bjnano

Modeling magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms used as a component of spin hybrid superconductor–ferromagnetic structures

• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina,
• Anastasia Salomatina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1557–1566, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.110

• Engineering Department, Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Studencheskaya 7, Izhevsk 426069, Russia Institute of Electronic Engineering and Nanotechnologies, Technical University of Moldova, 3/3 Academiei St., Chisinau, 2028, Moldova Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9, Institutskiy per

Transient electronics for sustainability: Emerging technologies and future directions

• Jae-Young Bae,
• Myung-Kyun Choi and
• Seung-Kyun Kang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1545–1556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.109

• lifetime control through strategies such as protective encapsulation. This Perspective outlines critical opportunities and technical directions to guide the development of next-generation transient electronic systems. Keywords: biodegradable/bioresorbable electronics; biodegradable materials

• rehabilitation [10][11], and orthopedic healing [12], where device functionality is required only for a defined recovery period. In such cases, transient electronic devices offer distinct advantages over conventional implants by providing essential sensing or therapeutic functions during the acute phase and

• electronic devices has created fertile ground for the convergence of flexible electronics with lifetime-controllable material systems [13]. This confluence has given rise to the emerging field of transient electronics, that is, devices engineered to function over a defined time window before undergoing

Influence of laser beam profile on morphology and optical properties of silicon nanoparticles formed by laser ablation in liquid

• Natalie Tarasenka,
• Vladislav Kornev,
• Alena Nevar and
• Nikolai Tarasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1533–1544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.108

• its prominent optical and electronic properties, is the most widely used semiconductor material in many fields of microelectronics, optics, photovoltaics, and molecular sensing. Nevertheless, even despite its widespread application, the interest in silicon-based structures, especially having sizes in

• nanowires facilitates the electronic transport along the wire axis, while the transport of the ions occurs in the transverse direction, providing shorter diffusion distances. All these aspects underline the benefits of Si nanowires and the need to develop novel approaches for their formation. Despite

• -infrared regions has been detected. However, as can be concluded from Figure 6a, the absorption cutoff wavelength differs for each studied sample, indicating different optical and electronic properties of the formed nanostructures. The variation of the optical properties can be caused by structural

Cross-reactivities in conjugation reactions involving iron oxide nanoparticles

• Shoronia N. Cross,
• Katalin V. Korpany,
• Hanine Zakaria and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1504–1521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.106

• conclude that the structure of the payload molecule plays a very important role in determining the efficacy of the EDC/NHS coupling reaction, in that steric hindrance and the electronic structure of the molecule are critical parameters to take into consideration when choosing a suitable amine; thus

• down to 1 mM, limited by the detection limit of Cy5. Our investigation into the EDC coupling of several primary amine-containing dyes shows that care must be taken in choosing an appropriate amine for coupling, as the structure can inhibit coupling through either steric or electronic effects. Our

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• through the interaction of the electromagnetic waves with the electrons of the NPs, causing collective motion in metallic particles or perturbations in the electronic orbitals of non-metallic NPs [42][43]. In the case of non-metals, nanosecond laser pulses transfer energy from electrons to phonons

• CuPc films [105]. In order to fabricate a NP/graphene nanocomposite, drops of colloidal solutions from each samples were cast and spin-coated onto graphene substrates to obtain a “starry-sky” morphology, which can be used in fuel cells, sensors, catalysis, and electronic and optical devices [106

Parylene-coated platinum nanowire electrodes for biomolecular sensing applications

• Chao Liu,
• Peker Milas,
• Michael G. Spencer and
• Birol Ozturk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1392–1400, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.101

• [22]. Due to these attributes, parylene-C, along with other variants of parylene, has been extensively utilized in the protection of electronic devices and surface modification of biomedical devices [23]. In this study, platinum was chosen as the DENA growth material due to its exceptional

Automated collection and categorisation of STM images and STS spectra with and without machine learning

• Dylan Stewart Barker and
• Adam Sweetman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1367–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.99

• learning; spectroscopy; scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM); scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS); Introduction Scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS) extends the capability of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) beyond topographic imaging, allowing for the direct measurement of the electronic

• misshaped tips cause averaging of contributions over larger areas, reducing the spatial resolution and potentially blending the electronic features between different sites. However, even for tips with high spatial resolution, different tip structures and probe terminations are known to influence these

• “flat” DOS, which is typically achieved by using a purely metallic tip. However, most tips do not demonstrate a perfectly flat local density of states (LDOS) as they have a complex electronic structure governed by the geometry of the metallic cluster at the tip apex [8][9][10][11][12]. Non-metallic

Deep-learning recognition and tracking of individual nanotubes in low-contrast microscopy videos

• Vladimir Pimonov,
• Said Tahir and
• Vincent Jourdain

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1316–1324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.96

• ; polarization microscopy; Introduction Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), discovered over three decades ago, continue to present unresolved questions and challenges. Their exceptional properties, both theoretically [1][2] and experimentally demonstrated [3], make them desirable for electronic and optical devices

Enhancing the photoelectrochemical performance of BiOI-derived BiVO₄ films by controlled-intensity current electrodeposition

• Huu Phuc Dang,
• Khanh Quang Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thi Mai Tho and
• Tran Le

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1289–1301, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.94

• optimize the crystallinity, surface morphology, and electronic properties of the films. Subsequently, an electrochemical deposition method was developed to facilitate the uniform distribution of V2O5 among Bi–O–I flakes to homogeneously enhance the conversion reaction. The XRD pattern confirms the

• charge carriers, which severely restrict its PEC performance [10][11][12]. Various strategies have been explored to overcome these challenges and optimize the structural, electronic, and surface properties of BiVO4 [13][14]. Hydrothermal synthesis has been used to produce highly crystalline BiVO4 films

• observed in the Raman spectra. These structural features are critical for improving the electronic and catalytic properties of BiVO4 photoanodes. To complement the XRD-derived crystallite sizes, the particle sizes were estimated from the FESEM images. As shown in Table 1, the particle size trends do not

Hydrogels and nanogels: effectiveness in dermal applications

• Jéssica da Cruz Ludwig,
• Diana Fortkamp Grigoletto,
• Daniele Fernanda Renzi,
• Wolf-Rainer Abraham,
• Daniel de Paula and
• Najeh Maissar Khalil

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1216–1233, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.90

• by electronic beam irradiation. Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels can be used for wound healing. Suhaeri et al. (2018) manufactured an adhesive hydrogel with PVA and a derivative of human pulmonary fibroblasts, in addition to ciprofloxacin, for treating infected wounds [95]. For the preparation of the

Electronic and optical properties of chloropicrin adsorbed ZnS nanotubes: first principle analysis

• Prakash Yadav,
• Boddepalli SanthiBhushan and
• Anurag Srivastava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1184–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.87

• Information Technology, Allahabad, UP-211015, India 10.3762/bjnano.16.87 Abstract Zinc sulfide nanotubes have garnered significant attention as potential candidates for chemical sensing applications owing to their exceptional structural, electronic, and optical properties. In this study, we employed density

• , optical absorption, and optical conductivity of the ZnS NT-CP system. Our findings reveal that the interaction between CP and ZnS NT induces notable changes in the electronic and optical properties of the nanotube, including a substantial bandgap reduction of up to ≈40% for the specific orientation A. The

• was performed with stringent convergence criteria: a maximum force tolerance of 0.05 eV/Å and a stress tolerance of 0.05 eV/Å3. These parameters ensured the reliability and accuracy of the resulting structural configurations for subsequent electronic and transport property analyses. To study the

Towards a quantitative theory for transmission X-ray microscopy

• James G. McNally,
• Christoph Pratsch,
• Stephan Werner,
• Stefan Rehbein,
• Andrew Gibbs,
• Jihao Wang,
• Thomas Lunkenbein,
• Peter Guttmann and
• Gerd Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1113–1128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.82

• nm, from which quantitative data are often extracted. For example, in materials science applications, nanoscale spectromicroscopy [5][6][7][8] is used to examine a sample around its absorption edges, which provides insights into its electronic structure. In biomedical applications [9][10][11][12

Influence of ion beam current on the structural, optical, and mechanical properties of TiO₂ coatings: ion beam-assisted vs conventional electron beam evaporation

• Agata Obstarczyk and
• Urszula Wawrzaszek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1097–1112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.81

• anatase phase, compared to other phases, is particularly favorable for electrochromic applications due to its efficient ion transport and relatively open configuration of octahedral units. These two phases of titanium dioxide differ significantly in their properties in terms of electronic applications [21

• -financed from the sources given by the Polish Ministry of Education and Science under subsidy for Department of Electronic and Photonic Metrology K31/W12N at Wrocław University of Science and Technology.

Single-layer graphene oxide film grown on α-Al₂O₃(0001) for use as an adsorbent

• Shiro Entani,
• Mitsunori Honda,
• Masaru Takizawa and
• Makoto Kohda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1082–1087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.79

• deposition; electronic state analysis; graphene oxide; X-ray absorption fine structure; Introduction Graphene oxide (GO) is oxidized graphene and its surface and periphery are partially modified by epoxy, hydroxy, and carboxy functional groups [1][2]. GO can be thinned to a monolayer of one carbon atom and

• . In this study, the SLGO surface after Cs adsorption was analyzed by surface analytical tools. This enabled us to elucidate the adsorbing sites and electronic state of Cs on SLGO. Additionally, we examined the electronic structure of Cs adsorbed on SLGO in several different solutions with pH values of

• 4, 7, and 9. Both the electronic structure and the normalized amount of Cs adsorbates were dependent on the pH scale. These fundamental aspects provide us important information for developing new adsorbent materials using GO. Results and Discussion Large-area and single-layer graphene oxide growth

Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77

• molecules and their two-dimensional films. The structure and quality of the films are pivotal parameters for any molecular electronics application, thus making them indispensable for the development of nanoscale electronic devices. In particular, these findings on the controlled self-assembly of

• liquid crystal semiconductors that exhibit anisotropic conduction of electronic charge carriers. The efficient transport of electronic carriers has been confirmed in nematic, chiral nematic, smectic, and columnar phases. It has been demonstrated that liquid crystals comprising extended π-conjugated units

• and polar moieties can exhibit ferroelectric behavior and electronic carrier transport properties. The corresponding materials have been the subject of investigation for potential applications in electroluminescent devices, field-effect transistors, and solar cells [228][229][230][231][232]. To

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

• Maximilian Spellauge,
• David Redka,
• Mianzhen Mo,
• Changyong Song,
• Heinz Paul Huber and
• Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

• key contributors to the observed anisotropic melting behavior. These findings, corroborated by MD simulations that incorporate the TTM (TTM-MD), suggest that energy accumulation in localized hotspots drives anisotropic melting. Nevertheless, direct experimental evidence linking electronic and ionic

• laser-excited NPs. While the TAS technique provides insight into the electronic properties of the NPs, it is, however, unable to reveal the response of the surrounding liquid to the excitation. To this end, the time-resolved scattering techniques based on X-rays and electrons are more appropriate

• the complete cooling of the electron gas could last for tens of picoseconds [23][108]. Therefore, excitation with short pulses of picosecond duration or shorter would display transient differences between electronic and phonon subsystem. This selectively heated electron gas can instigate processes

Tendency in tip polarity changes in non-contact atomic force microscopy imaging on a fluorite surface

• Bob Kyeyune,
• Philipp Rahe and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 944–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.72

• . The sample was prepared in situ by first degassing a p-type Si (B-doped) sample (Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Warsaw, Poland) for several hours after introduction into the vacuum. Second, the Si(111)-(7 × 7) termination was formed by flash annealing cycles. Third, CaF2 material (99.9

Synthesis of biowaste-derived carbon-dot-mediated silver nanoparticles and the evaluation of electrochemical properties for supercapacitor electrodes

• Navya Kumari Tenkayala,
• Chandan Kumar Maity,
• Md Moniruzzaman and
• Subramani Devaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 933–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.71

• in electrochemical energy storage applications given their exceptional chemical durability, high electronic conductivity, and surface chemical characteristics. Due to these characteristics, AgNPs possess the capacity to function as the electrode material for supercapacitors. Numerous reports have

Structural and magnetic properties of microwave-synthesized reduced graphene oxide/VO₂/Fe₂O₃ nanocomposite

• Sumanta Sahoo,
• Ankur Sood and
• Sung Soo Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 921–932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.70

• demonstrating improved magnetic characteristics due to alterations in the electronic structure. To further comprehend the elemental composition of GVF, the elemental analysis was also performed, and the corresponding elemental distribution and EDX spectrum are shown in Figure 5a,b. The SEM image displays a wide

• these elements in the NC (Figure 6i). Further, to understand the surface electronic arrangement of the elements present in GVF, XPS analysis was performed. Figure 7a represents the survey spectrum, which confirms the presence of V, Fe, and O (derived from the metal oxide counterparts), along with the C