Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• graphene oxide on the outer side are higher and more hydrophilic than the part that did not receive laser irradiation (Figure 5b). After exposure to moisture, a significant difference in ion concentration occurs due to the difference in humidity and the ability to dissociate hydronium ions, thereby driving

Direct measurement of surface photovoltage by AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yasuhiro Sugawara and
• Yan Jun Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 712–720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.63

• amplitude VSPV: Therefore, the electrostatic force under modulated laser irradiation is described as This equation can be divided into three parts: (Equation 5) is measured to determine the SPV by controlling VAC and nullifying the modulated force where the SPV is derived as Thus, AC-KPFM controls the AC

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• photochemical reduction [32], pulsed laser-induced photolysis [38], or controlled decoration with Ag NPs using an electroless plating technique [44]. Photochemical synthesis permits the control of nucleation and growth rate without using organic additives. Xu et al. employed laser irradiation of ZnO nanorods in

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• Fe3O4 nanoparticle-containing up-conversion nanoprobes [15]. To check whether HSP70 was involved in Fe3O4 NPC-mediated PTT, we treated A375 cells for 24 h with NPCs at concentrations of 0.125 or 0.25 mg/mL, followed by 808 nm laser irradiation. Naïve cells were incubated with saline and served as normal

• conversion of Fe3O4 nanoparticle clusters. (a) Temperature elevation of aqueous solutions with increasing concentrations of NPCs in response to 808 nm laser irradiation at power density of 1 W·cm−2. (b) Temperature elevation of solutions with 0.25 mg/mL NPCs in response to 808 nm laser irradiation at

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• -bearing mouse xenograft demonstrated that upon laser irradiation in the NIR-II window (1064 nm), the tumor temperature reached up to 53.4 °C, inducing complete photothermal eradication of tumor tissue. This study proves the high synergistic efficacy of combined SDT and PTT of B-TiO2−x nps for the complete

• NIR laser irradiation at a far lower power density and low intravenous dosage. Phototoxicity essays of G-TiO2−x on HeLa cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) showed 85% cell viability, confirming that G-TiO2−x itself is non-toxic even at higher concentrations

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• exhibited high accumulation and ultra-long tumor retention effects. Importantly, animal experiments demonstrated complete eradication of tumor in mice after injection of PWG NPs and laser irradiation, demonstrating the efficacy of PWG nanoparticles in vivo. Indocyanine green (ICG) is widely used in

• maintain the photothermal conversion efficiency up to 32.0%. After entering the tumor cells, the nanoparticles convert light into heat under a laser irradiation of 808 nm and effectively kill the tumor cells. Inspired by natural photosynthesis, artificial light systems consisting of photosensitizers and

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Recent progress in actuation technologies of micro/nanorobots

• Ke Xu and
• Bing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 756–765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.59

• actuation Wang et al. [31] designed a needle-shaped liquid metal gallium nanoswimmer with controllable movement under near-infrared laser irradiation. Its propulsion force is mainly derived from the thermophoresis force generated by the temperature gradient along the longitudinal axis. Experiments show that

On the stability of microwave-fabricated SERS substrates – chemical and morphological considerations

• Limin Wang,
• Aisha Adebola Womiloju,
• Christiane Höppener,
• Ulrich S. Schubert and
• Stephanie Hoeppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 541–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.44

• . Van Duyne and others elaborated the fundamental concept of the enhancement process, which was found to be mainly based on the amplification of the electric field component when the illuminating laser irradiation interacts with metal nanoparticles [6]. Suitable nanoparticles consist preferentially of

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of water in aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles

• Paulina Filipczak,
• Krzysztof Hałagan,
• Jacek Ulański and
• Marcin Kozanecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 497–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.40

• phenomenon is present only in the AgNPs blue sample, not in the AgNPs yellow sample. Also, changes in the structure of AgNPs induced by laser irradiation may be excluded, as an identical UV–vis absorption spectra of the investigated AgNPs dispersions (see Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1) collected

Rapid controlled synthesis of gold–platinum nanorods with excellent photothermal properties under 808 nm excitation

• Jialin Wang,
• Qianqian Duan,
• Min Yang,
• Boye Zhang,
• Li Guo,
• Pengcui Li,
• Wendong Zhang and
• Shengbo Sang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 462–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.37

• on the tip of AuNRs, and their LSPR peak can be adjusted to a desired range. Importantly, we evaluated that the Au@Pt NRs have high PCE and fairly great photothermal stability under 808 nm laser irradiation, which proves that they have great potential as an excellent PTA. Results and Discussion

• absorption spectrum of the optimized Au@Pt NRs is shown in Figure 4a. The LSPR peak is located at a wavelength of 812 nm, which is very satisfactory for the photothermal effect under laser irradiation with 808 nm. The corresponding micrograph is shown in Figure 4b. Photothermal effect To test the efficiency

• of AuNRs and the optimized Au@Pt NRs as PTAs, their PTE under 808 nm laser irradiation was systematically studied. The temperature changes were recorded using an infrared thermal camera, as shown in Figure 5a,b. After 10 min of 808 nm laser irradiation (2 W/cm2), the temperature of the AuNRs solution

Doxorubicin-loaded gold nanorods: a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform for cancer management

• Uzma Azeem Awan,
• Abida Raza,
• Shaukat Ali,
• Rida Fatima Saeed and
• Nosheen Akhtar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 295–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.24

• nanocomplexes with NIR laser irradiation appear more efficient in cell inhibition (93%) than those without laser exposure (65%) and doxorubicin alone (84%). The IC50 values of PSS-GNRs-DOX and PSS-GNRs-DOX were measured as 7.99 and 3.12 µg/mL, respectively, with laser irradiation. Thus, a combinatorial approach

• control is triggered under local hyperthermic conditions induced by NIR laser irradiation. Heat from the GNR surface not only promotes drug delivery into the tumor, but also increases the drug toxicity to tumor cells by the hyperthermic effect. A significantly higher cell death rate was achieved in the

• shifted by approximately 4 nm (Figure 2). The stability of PSS-GNRs after NIR laser exposure was sufficient for photothermal therapy. In vitro DOX release after NIR irradiation Drug release from PSS-GNRs can be easily controlled with NIR laser irradiation. The cumulative DOX release almost doubled after

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

• synthesis, but similar to chemical synthesis, the biological synthesis of nanoparticles is classified under bottom-up approaches [104]. However, green synthesis is not limited to synthesis by bio-based compounds or biological species. For example, laser irradiation can also be used without using any

Fabrication of nano/microstructures for SERS substrates using an electrochemical method

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Xiaoping Li,
• Junjie Yang,
• Zhengkai Li,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Xinming Zhang and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1568–1576, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.139

• . [47] employed femtosecond laser irradiation to fabricate nanorod arrayed structures decorated with Au nanoparticles. The study showed that the Raman intensity tended to decrease as the Au film thickness increased. Based on the above results, we selected Au films of 10 nm thickness for further

Photothermally active nanoparticles as a promising tool for eliminating bacteria and biofilms

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Laura D’Alfonso,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1134–1146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.98

• eliminated the pathogenic P. aeruginosa upon NIR irradiation [49]. Gold nanorods were also applied to efficiently ablate (up to 97%) S. aureus upon NIR laser irradiation [50]. In these studies, the results suggested that the thermal damage of the bacterial membranes led to bacterial death. In 2013, the first

• heating of gold nanoparticles embedded in an injectable silk protein hydrogel was one of the first examples that used this approach [65]. The NIR laser irradiation at 528 nm for 15 min (450 mW) elevated the maximum gel temperature to 59 °C. The in vivo studies demonstrated a sufficient bacterial reduction

• did not discern a difference in bacteria eradication with respect to the laser irradiation modality (continuous or pulsed). A flexible patch capable of rapidly treating subcutaneous wound infections upon NIR light irradiation was fabricated [68]. This patch combined the photothermal properties of gold

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• . The luminescent mechanism in h-BN is not yet fully clear. There is a large variability in the shape and position of PL spectra, which is interpreted based on impurities and sample preparation conditions [91][92]. Museur et al. [92] report on the effect of surface oxidation under UV-laser irradiation

• plasma etching and subsequent annealing in Ar, yielding a considerable increase in the concentration of emitters in h-BN [122]; laser irradiation [123] even if the formation origin, in this case, is unclear; substrate strain-induced where a 20 nm-thick h-BN film grown via CVD is transferred into SiO2

Luminescent gold nanoclusters for bioimaging applications

• Nonappa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 533–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.42

• compared to that of free doxorubicin, presumably due to slow release from the nanocarriers. Alternatively, a significant killing efficiency of HeLa cells was achieved using just 0.46 μg/mL of free doxorubicin in combination with 200 μg/mL of PML-MF and laser irradiation for 10 min, further showing the

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• within the PAH/DS capsule. The rupture and deformation of the capsules occurred via the formation of pores on the surface after laser irradiation at 530 nm (Figure 5c). The encapsulation of silver, gold and iron oxide NPs has been the most common in most of the studies [80][82][83][84]. The incorporation

• of NPs within the capsules, the laser power and exposure time decide the sensitivity of the capsule towards laser light induced release. For example, the presence of aggregated NPs led to the generation of more heat and thus required relatively less intense laser irradiation [84]. While the moderate

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy

• Tzuriel Levin,
• Hagit Sade,
• Rina Ben-Shabbat Binyamini,
• Maayan Pour,
• Iftach Nachman and
• Jean-Paul Lellouche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81

• mediated by nanomaterials is less invasive than laser irradiation alone, requires lower radiation intensity, and its selectivity towards the tumor can be adjusted by carefully engineering the light-responsive nanostructure. In general, nanomaterials in the size range of 100–200 nm should give the maximum

• (1:1 v/v) was added to all wells after the laser irradiation. After 5 min, the cells were washed with PBS buffer and the same frames were imaged. Results and Discussion This section will include all the chemical and biological results. The preparation procedures of the composites included sonication

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• 3 in Figure 3 shows small temperature changes in the well with grown HeLa cells incubated with AuNR-PDA-R123-folate nanocomposites in response to the laser irradiation. In this experiment, the HeLa cells were incubated with nanoparticles (concentration 1011 mL−1), added to the cell medium for 2 h

Hydrophilicity and carbon chain length effects on the gas sensing properties of chemoresistive, self-assembled monolayer carbon nanotube sensors

• Juan Casanova-Cháfer,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Eduard Llobet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 565–577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.58

• laser irradiation. The chemical composition and, particularly, the presence of the Au–S bond were evaluated using a Versaprobe Phi 5000 instrument from Physical Electronics equipped with a monochromatic Al Kα X-ray source. The binding energy (BE) scales were referenced by setting the Au 4f7/2 to 84.0 eV

Study of silica-based intrinsically emitting nanoparticles produced by an excimer laser

• Imène Reghioua,
• Mattia Fanetti,
• Sylvain Girard,
• Diego Di Francesca,
• Simonpietro Agnello,
• Layla Martin-Samos,
• Marco Cannas,
• Matjaz Valant,
• Melanie Raine,
• Marc Gaillardin,
• Nicolas Richard,
• Philippe Paillet,
• Aziz Boukenter,
• Youcef Ouerdane and
• Antonino Alessi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 211–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.19

• , we highlight some details on laser irradiation of bulk materials for the production of nanoparticles, where the material is removed from the target due to energy absorption from the laser. For this reason, the specific process of material removal depends on the optical characteristics of the target

• by nanosecond pulsed KrF laser irradiation (140 mJ per pulse) from preform materials characterized by high Ge content and GLPCs [18]. In the present manuscript we report the possibility to generate nanoparticles from Ge-doped silica (produced by PCVD method [30]) using a lower energy per pulse

• the generation of irregular particles. In any case, the presence of the Ge atoms and the consequent increase of the sensitivity to laser irradiation could be combined with other ablation procedures using a UV ns pulsed laser as the one reported in [34]. In regard to previous studies [18], we improved

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

• Sandra Haschke,
• Dmitrii Pankin,
• Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
• Maïssa K. S. Barr,
• Adriana Both-Engel,
• Alina Manshina and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

• reaction [69][70][71]. Conclusion With this, we have established a novel type of nanostructured Ru/C composite electrode for the oxygen evolution reaction at pH 4 by laser-induced deposition. Laser irradiation of Ru3(CO)12 in 1,2-dichloroethane at 325 nm provides the first laser-induced coatings of hybrid

• Ru3(CO)12 solutions. SEM images of planar samples coated with laser-induced Ru/C films in cross-section (a) and top-view (b). Laser-irradiation of Ru3(CO)12 solutions results in continuous and rough thin films deposited on ITO. Preparation of nanostructured Ru/C electrodes. (a) Anodization of Al in 1

• length L = 24 μm (c). EDX profile taken along the cross-section (d). Laser-irradiation of Ru3(CO)12 solutions results in thin ruthenium containing coatings along the whole length of Al2O3 pores. Raman spectra of a nanostructured template coated with Ru/C films, without ITO contact (a) and of the solid