A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

• , sensing, and gas separation and storage [36][37][38][39]. In parallel, the last decade has witnessed a substantial increase in research studies across various fields aimed at mitigating CO2 emissions [40][41][42][43][44]. Notably, MOFs have been targeted for CO2 capture and separation applications because

Modeling and simulation of carbon-nanocomposite-based gas sensors

• Roopa Hegde,
• Punya Prabha V,
• Shipra Upadhyay and
• Krishna S B

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 90–96, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.9

• sensor using COMSOL Multiphysics whose active sensing material used is a carbon nanocomposite (i.e., 0.1 wt % of single-walled carbon nanotubes along with PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)) in an equal volume ratio of 1:1. Given the high cost associated with the

• concentrations ranging from 1 to 7 ppm. The surface coverage over the range of 14% to 32.94% for the given range of concentrations is achieved giving the information of the amount of gas molecules adsorbed onto the surface of the sensing material at a given time. The surface coverage of the sensor is enhanced by

• effective, often face limitations such as poor sensitivity, slow response times, and high-power consumption. These limitations restrict their widespread use and make the development of more efficient, sensitive, and cost-effective CO gas-sensing solutions necessary. The unique properties of carbon

Liver-targeting iron oxide nanoparticles and their complexes with plant extracts for biocompatibility

• Shushanik A. Kazaryan,
• Seda A. Oganian,
• Gayane S. Vardanyan,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko and
• Ashkhen A. Hovhannisyan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1593–1602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.125

• Fe3O4 NPs have great potential for commercial use and have already found applications in biomedicine, such as magnetic resonance imaging (as contrast enhancement agents), targeted drug or gene delivery, tissue engineering, biological fluid detoxification, hyperthermia, biological sensing, nanozymes, and

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• , and Raman spectroscopy, as well as EDX and XRD revealed controlled aggregation, successful capping, and crystalline growth of the ʟ-car-AgNPs. The ʟ-car-AgNPs exhibited promising sensing capabilities with limits of detection of 141.79 ppb (1.2 μM) for Cd2+, 131.33 ppb (0.63 μM) for Pb2+, 215.35 ppb

• pollutants [4][5][6]. Biomolecule-capped silver nanoparticles, particularly those stabilized by naturally occurring peptides such as ʟ-carnosine, have shown exceptional sensing and catalytic degradation capabilities. ʟ-Carnosine, a dipeptide consisting of β-alanine and histidine, stabilizes the nanoparticle

• detecting heavy metal ions. This drawback was overcome by using ʟ-carnosine in combination with silver nanoparticles, as their strong interaction was reported previously. Silver nanoparticles with other capping agents can also be used for either heavy metal sensing or degradation of P-NP. A study explored

The round-robin approach applied to nanoinformatics: consensus prediction of nanomaterials zeta potential

• Dimitra-Danai Varsou,
• Arkaprava Banerjee,
• Joyita Roy,
• Kunal Roy,
• Giannis Savvas,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Ewelina Wyrzykowska,
• Mateusz Balicki,
• Tomasz Puzyn,
• Georgia Melagraki,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1536–1553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.121

• delivery to environmental sensing, the versatility of NMs makes them ideal candidates for a broad range of innovative applications [1]. However, the complexity and unique properties of these materials also present significant challenges, especially when it comes to the assessment of their potential adverse

Ion-induced surface reactions and deposition from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Mohammed K. Abdel-Rahman,
• Patrick M. Eckhert,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Johnathon M. Johnson,
• Jo-Chi Yu,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1427–1439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.115

• , deposition strategies in various applications, such as circuit editing and lithographic mask repair in the semiconductor industry [7][8][9][10][11][12] as well as the growth of functional materials for magnetism [13][14][15][16], superconductivity [17], and sensing [18][19]. Compared to FEBID, FIBID operates

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• in a laser emitting light with a precise, pure wavelength and high stability [48]. Yu et al. demonstrated a tunable InGaAs quantum well DBR laser which provides a larger tuning range, single-longitudinal-mode operation, and narrow spectral linewidth, finding it suitable for multiple gas-sensing

• telecommunications, sensing, and quantum optics applications, driving innovation in photonic technologies. We designed one-dimensional photonic crystals (1D PCs) made of lithium niobate with titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide using electromagenetic simulations. Our goal was to maximize reflectivity in the infrared

Various CVD-grown ZnO nanostructures for nanodevices and interdisciplinary applications

• The-Long Phan,
• Le Viet Cuong,
• Vu Dinh Lam and
• Ngoc Toan Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1390–1399, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.112

• DMSs, these nanostructures will be beneficial to the development of new ZnO-based materials for photocatalytic [25], biomedical [26], gas sensing [27][28], and flexible electronic/optoelectronic applications [29][30]. They are usually fabricated by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or solid-vapour phase

• sensitive in gas-sensing applications [58][59], and can be used to tune second harmonic polaritons coupling with nanocavity modes and generating polariton cavity modes [60]. The aforementioned results indicate the variety of ZnO nanostructures as well as complex physical mechanisms occurring during their

Investigation of Hf/Ti bilayers for the development of transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters

• Victoria Y. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Anton A. Yablokov and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1353–1361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.108

• the entire 7 × 7 mm2 chip surface, bridges with a width of 200 μm and length up to 1800 μm, and bridges in the form of squares with sides from 100 to 1000 μm. The bridges were formed by a photolithographic lift-off process and are intended to be used as the main sensing element of a microcalorimeter

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Carlo Polidori and
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

• tiny structures belong to two main functional types. They are either mechanosensory and belong to the peripheral nervous system or they have no sensing role and serve to prevent wetting of, for example, wings and legs [41][42][43][44]. Other functions include the detection of airflow patterns, for

• serve not only as an adhesive structure for pollen, but also for pollen removal. This is necessary since otherwise pollen widely distributed on the body would make sensing and controlled flight difficult. In particular, hair spacing and geometry on the forelegs affects the ability of pollen removal from

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• degrading 94.37% of 4-NP within 1 min. In contrast, silver nanospheres effectively detected Hg2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ at concentrations as low as 1 ppm and degraded 90.78% of 4-NP within 30 min. Moreover, anisotropic gold nanorods (CTAB-AuNR1 and CTAB-AuNR2) showed promising sensing capabilities towards Cu2

• +, Cr3+, and Hg2+ at 0.5 OD, while efficiently degrading 4-NP within 5 min at 1 OD. This study emphasizes the importance of tailoring parameters of CTAB-capped nanoparticles for specific sensing and catalytic applications, offering potential solutions for environmental remediation and human health

• protection. Keywords: catalysis; CTAB; heavy metal; nanoparticles; 4-nitrophenol; sensing; Introduction Metal nanoparticles are widely used for a great number of applications owing to their excellent optochemical properties and high surface-to-volume ratio in comparison to bulk materials. Noble metal (gold

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• and biological sensing [38][39][40]. The optical, thermal, and photocatalytic [40] reactivity of ZnO can also be improved with this method without changing its basic hexagonal structure. Consequently, the photodegradation of aqueous organic compounds triggered by manganese-doped ZnO still provides

Introducing third-generation periodic table descriptors for nano-qRASTR modeling of zebrafish toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles

• Supratik Kar and
• Siyun Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1142–1152, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.93

• strong antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, and photocatalytic activities [7][8][9]. Besides the medical field, they are also commonly used in commercial products such as fuel cells and plastics, and environmental applications such as analysis, sensing, remediation, and

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• discussed, including drug delivery and environmental sensing applications for humidity, heavy metals, and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, biomedical sensing applications of alginate-based nanoparticles regarding various analytes such as glucose, cancer cells, pharmaceutical drugs, and human motion will also be

• reviewed in this paper. Future research scopes highlight existing challenges and solutions. Keywords: alginate; biomedical sensing; polymer nanoparticle; smart drug delivery; Review Introduction Sensors have received a lot of attention in a variety of applications, including health, pharmacy, the

• variable chemical compositions, customizable characteristics, easy processability, great biocompatibility and biodegradability, and nontoxicity, opening up new avenues for the creation of flexible sensing technologies [26][27]. Alginate-based nanomaterials are among the most widely studied biopolymers for

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• substrates is the central aspect of the sensing field because of its simple sample collection from any rough surface [36][40]. Filter paper (FP) SERS substrates are rigorously investigated for the detection of hazardous dye molecules such as crystal violet (CV) and malachite green (MG) on fish [41

• advantages of a flexible substrate in the sensing field, filter paper was chosen as a base to host laser-ablated NPs [59]. The SERS performance of NP-loaded paper-based SERS substrates was assessed by choosing malachite green (MG) as a Raman reporter molecule. The SERS spectra reported in Figure 8a–c

• significant threat to global security. Detecting these molecules is essential for security reasons, and various detection methods are currently under investigation [64][65][66][67]. One promising method for practical application is using flexible SERS substrates as sensing platforms [68]. This study explored

Bolometric IR photoresponse based on a 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture

• Yasameen Al-Mafrachi,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Sascha Preu,
• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Oktay Yilmazoglu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1030–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.84

• thermal sensing solutions and sets the stage for transformative advances in non-cryogenic IR microbolometer and thermal detector technology. The following sections provide a comprehensive overview of the 3D micro-nano design, fabrication methods, performance characteristics, and potential applications

• microbolometers, providing valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and industries seeking to harness the full potential of this new thermal sensing technology. A 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture has been utilized to develop a non-cryogenic IR microbolometer, enabling a minimum pitch dimension of

Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective

• Billel Smaani,
• Fares Nafa,
• Mohamed Salah Benlatrech,
• Ismahan Mahdi,
• Hamza Akroum,
• Mohamed walid Azizi,
• Khaled Harrar and
• Sayan Kanungo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80

• sensing membrane is accommodated between the contact of the metal gate and the insulator part. The carrier concentration in the body channel might change as a result of an accumulation, depletion, or inversion process when an external voltage is applied [51]. This results in the formation of a band

• has been demonstrated that the HG NT JL FET-based biosensor architecture enhances sensing performance for different charged and neutral biomolecules through the nanotube-gate concept [60]. 2.1.2 Nanosheet-based biosensors. Li et al. [64] proposed a vertically stacked gate-all-around nanosheet (VS NS

• biosensor structure. In this FET-biosensor architecture, two cavities with a 5 nm thickness are introduced on both sides of the fin to form a high-performance sensing surface for various types of biomolecules. Additionally, a nanocavity was created between the gate and the source–drain region to immobilize

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• of CQDs range from sensing and cell imaging to drug delivery, photocatalysis, and energy conversion [26][27][28][29]. In this study, biomass from watermelon shell and grape pomace waste is used as the carbon source. The hydrothermal method employing urea, nitric acid, and water is utilized. Samples

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO₂/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode

• Vu Ngoc Hoang,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Le Vu Truong Son,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Vo Thang Nguyen,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Ly Hoang Diem,
• Kieu Chan Ly,
• Ho Sy Thang and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 719–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.60

• liquid chromatography [8], liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry [9], and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry [10]. These approaches require complex handling procedures. Electrochemical techniques have been considered as a robust alternative for URI and HYP sensing because of their simplicity

Enhancing higher-order modal response in multifrequency atomic force microscopy with a coupled cantilever system

• Wendong Sun,
• Jianqiang Qian,
• Yingzi Li,
• Yanan Chen,
• Zhipeng Dou,
• Rui Lin,
• Peng Cheng,
• Xiaodong Gao,
• Quan Yuan and
• Yifan Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 694–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.57

• [7][8][9]. The higher-order eigenmodes of the cantilever can effectively improve Q-factor, imaging rate, and mass sensing resolution [10][11]. For traditional rectangular cantilevers, the higher-order modal response is usually weaker than that of the fundamental mode in ambient air [12]. This

Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales

• Guillermo J. Amador,
• Brett Klaassen van Oorschot,
• Caiying Liao,
• Jianing Wu and
• Da Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55

• fibrillar ultrastructures on bateriophages. The hairs are categorized according to their functions, including protection (e.g., thermal regulation and defense), locomotion, feeding, and sensing. By understanding the versatile functions of biological hairs, bio-inspired solutions may be developed across

• is exemplified by hair's resistance to heat transfer in humans [4][24], and the role of hair in sensing mates by male mosquitoes [25]. Additionally, plants may exhibit hair-like fibrillar structures, such as the nanometer-thick mastigonemes on the flagella of microalgae [26] and the high-aspect-ratio

• , hair-like trichomes on plant surfaces [27]. Overall, to promote homeostasis in plants, animals, bacteria, and bacteriophages, fibrillar structures contribute to the following functions: protection (e.g., thermal insulation and defense), locomotion and feeding, and sensing. This review will present how

Directed growth of quinacridone chains on the vicinal Ag(35 1 1) surface

• Niklas Humberg,
• Lukas Grönwoldt and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 556–568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.48

• , one-dimensional aggregates are also used for gas sensing and carbon-capturing materials [8][9]. A group of surfaces that is very appealing for the growth of 1D structures are vicinal surfaces [10] because the step edges break the rotational symmetry of the surface further and add a periodic 1D grating

Aero-ZnS prepared by physical vapor transport on three-dimensional networks of sacrificial ZnO microtetrapods

• Veaceslav Ursaki,
• Tudor Braniste,
• Victor Zalamai,
• Emil Rusu,
• Vladimir Ciobanu,
• Vadim Morari,
• Daniel Podgornii,
• Pier Carlo Ricci,
• Rainer Adelung and
• Ion Tiginyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 490–499, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.44

• pollutants from the atmosphere and from water, in other catalytic processes, including photocatalytic water splitting, in energy production and storage, in microfluidic systems, in drug delivery and other biomedical applications, in sensing, in electronic, photoelectronic, optoelectronic and nanophotonic

Heat-induced morphological changes in silver nanowires deposited on a patterned silicon substrate

• Elyad Damerchi,
• Sven Oras,
• Edgars Butanovs,
• Allar Liivlaid,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Annamarija Trausa,
• Veronika Zadin,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Loïc Vidal,
• Karine Mougin,
• Siim Pikker and
• Sergei Vlassov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 435–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.39

• ; silver nanowires; Introduction Metal nanowires (NWs) are promising key elements in a wide range of applications, including solar cells [1], smart windows [2], flexible sensors [3], touch screens [4], biocompatible polymer binders [5], temperature sensing [6], medical materials [7], and key elements of

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• biosensors are commonly made of LSPR materials [17]. With the development of synthesis techniques, numerous nanostructures of noble metals have been extensively studied to improve the intrinsic parameters of sensors. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exhibit great performance in sensing applications owing to the

• regarding the detection of NFT and SDZ, we demonstrate application aspects of our product, showing the great potential of DESs in sensing and biomedical applications. Results and Discussion Formation of Ag NPs-DES We have developed new and simple strategy to fabricate Ag NPs-DES in which ascorbic acid was