Enhancement of the piezoelectric coefficient in PVDF-TrFe/CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposites through DC magnetic poling

• Marco Fortunato,
• Alessio Tamburrano,
• Maria Paola Bracciale,
• Maria Laura Santarelli and
• Maria Sabrina Sarto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1262–1270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.93

• temperatures. This process, usually referred to as electrical poling, requires the deposition of contact electrodes on the sample surface and the use of high-voltage apparatus. In the present work, in order to overcome these constraints, we have produced, characterized, and studied a polymer nanocomposite

• the use of a top electrode or of high magnetic fields (the maximum value of d33 was obtained at 50 mT, using a current of 0.4 A) making the PVDF-TrFE/CoFe2O4 nanocomposite suitable for the fabrication of highly efficient devices for energy harvesting and wearable sensors. Keywords: CoFe2O4; magnetic

• originating from the interaction between the magnetic field and the CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. As a result, a very high β phase content (up to 95%) has been measured in the PVDF nanocomposite with 5 wt % CoFe2O4. However, the authors limited the analysis to the β phase content and it was not clear if the β phase

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• fractal dimension of 1.79. Tungsten oxide-based fractals A very recent study on the sensing of NO2, acetone, and carbon monoxide was reported by Simon and co-workers. They used Ni nanoparticles to decorate a reduced graphene oxide/WO3 nanocomposite [78]. The WO3 sample annealed at 600 °C shows the

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

• Keshav Nagpal,
• Erwan Rauwel,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

• were 3.5 (ITO), 6.2 (graphene), and 4.8 V (Ni on graphene). However, for UV LED, the observed operating voltage reduced significantly from 13.2 (graphene) to 7.1 V (Ni on graphene). Even though the ITO anode remained superior, the Ni–graphene nanocomposite nevertheless displayed 83% of the EL intensity

• HTL in OLED with the configuration ITO/PEDOT:PSS/SWNT–PVK nanocomposite/DCM-doped Alq3/Li:Al [47]. An efficient electron transport was also obtained from the Li:Al cathode (with work function of 2.9 eV) to the Alq3 layer due to its higher LUMO level (3.2 eV) in comparison to the Li:Al work function

• , therefore, reduces the hole injection barrier, which in turn creates a more efficient transfer to the HTL. In the device configuration of Figure 6a, a graphene oxide–Au nanocomposite HIL inserted between ITO and NPB was used to enhance the EL of Alq3-based OLED [51]. The correlation between the wavelength

Uniform arrays of gold nanoelectrodes with tuneable recess depth

• Elena O. Gordeeva,
• Ilya V. Roslyakov,
• Alexey P. Leontiev,
• Alexey A. Klimenko and
• Kirill S. Napolskii

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 957–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.72

• ]. Moreover, thin AAO templates with highly ordered porous structure (and, as a consequence, small quantity of the branched pores) can be used [27][32][33]. One more useful approach that can be applied for the increase in the number of contacting nanowires is planarization of the nanocomposite surface using

• collector and the first Cu segment. Cross-sectional SEM images of AAO/Cu/Au/Cu nanocomposite, schematically shown in panel (c), illustrating the full thickness of the template (e) and the bottom part with two short segments of Cu and Au (f). Electrochemical responses recorded during the electrodeposition of

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• carrageenan gel retaining the antibacterial property [85]. A study based on an injectable composite of carrageenan and nanoscale hydroxyapatite as an injectable bone substitute showed good adhesion properties with no cytotoxicity in vitro, as shown in Figure 6 [116]. The nanocomposite also exhibited

• International Licence, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. (A) A κ-carrageenan-stabilized hydroxyapatite rod-shaped nanocomposite. (B) Antibacterial study using E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa showing the bactericidal properties of the nanocomposite. (C) The nanocomposite shows

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Silver nanoparticles nucleated in NaOH-treated halloysite: a potential antimicrobial material

• Yuri B. Matos,
• Rodrigo S. Romanus,
• Mattheus Torquato,
• Edgar H. de Souza,
• Rodrigo L. Villanova,
• Marlene Soares and
• Emilson R. Viana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 798–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.63

• with NaOH to improve Ag-NP nucleation into the clay substrate. The resulting nanocomposite was evaluated in terms of chemical composition, morphology, and antimicrobial properties, while the nucleation process was characterized in terms of thermal behaviour and structural changes. We also investigated

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• . The structure provided the magnetic torque of motion through biologically functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and environmentally responsive microswimmers of 3D-printed nanocomposite magnetic precursors. Due to the characteristics of the double helix, the rotational motion and

Nickel nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide/WO₃ nanocomposite – a promising candidate for gas sensing

• Ilka Simon,
• Alexandr Savitsky,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Vladimir Pankov and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 343–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.28

• nanocomposite was synthesized and tested in comparison to pure WO3 and rGO@WO3 regarding the response to the oxidizing gas NO2 (10 ppm in air) and the VOC acetone (35,000 ppm in air). Gas response to CO and recovery times were also determined. An examination of the influence of different gas concentrations on

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

• precursor for this purpose [241]. An important advantage of this technique is the establishment of a silver-metal-oxide (e.g. SiO2 or TiO2) nanocomposite coating using only one deposition step [241]. The CVD method also provides many opportunities for the synthesis of silver-coated materials with varying

Bulk chemical composition contrast from attractive forces in AFM force spectroscopy

• Dorothee Silbernagl,
• Media Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani,
• Natalia Cano Murillo,
• Anna Maria Elert and
• Heinz Sturm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 58–71, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.5

• field is applied. Khorasani and coworkers identified nanoparticles (exposed and subsurface) in an epoxy/boehmite nanocomposite by measuring the surface potential by means of KPM [9]. A disadvantage of KPM is that, in addition to the apex of the tip, the sides of the tip are also interacting. This leads

• obtained nanocomposite fiber mat contained 20 wt % of taurine-modified boehmite NPs (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2). The mat was embedded in the epoxy system and cured at 80 °C for 4 h, followed by a post-curing process at 120 °C for another 4 h. The sample was cut with a microtome for

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• specific capacitance of the resultant composites was twice as high as that of Co(OH)2 nanosheets [17]. Liu et al. synthesized a MXene/nickel sulfide (NiS) nanocomposite using a basic hydrothermal technique and measured a specific capacitance of 857.8 F·g−1. NiS has advantages such as good conductivity and

Unravelling the interfacial interaction in mesoporous SiO₂@nickel phyllosilicate/TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures for photocatalytic activity

• Bridget K. Mutuma,
• Xiluva Mathebula,
• Isaac Nongwe,
• Bonakele P. Mtolo,
• Boitumelo J. Matsoso,
• Rudolph Erasmus,
• Zikhona Tetana and
• Neil J. Coville

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1834–1846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.165

• /ammonia) [45][46][49]. In addition, the pore size distribution of the mSiO2@NiPS core–shell nanocomposite was broader (2–15 nm) than that of mSiO2 (Figure 2b). During the formation of the mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2 composite, the pore diameter slightly increased to 7.7 nm, indicating the presence of interparticle

Molecular dynamics modeling of the influence forming process parameters on the structure and morphology of a superconducting spin valve

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Roman Morari and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1776–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.160

• Figure 7. The spatial distribution of the coordination number in the formed multilayer nanocomposite, illustrated in Figure 7, characterizes its structure in more detail. The dashed lines in Figure 7 indicate the locations of the parallel sections shown in Figure 7b and Figure 7c. The sections correspond

• , was carried out by reducing the evaporation zone of the starting materials shown in the upper region of this figure. The spray flow area was reduced four times from the original value. Also, nanocomposite formation modeling was performed on a scale reduced by four times. In this case, the number of

• calculations, a four-fold decrease in the volume of the nanosystem did not affect the nanocomposite layer composition. The layers are connected at the same places, and the proportion of niobium and cobalt differ slightly from the main part of the sample. The obtained data indicate that the initially selected

Antimicrobial metal-based nanoparticles: a review on their synthesis, types and antimicrobial action

• Matías Guerrero Correa,
• Fernanda B. Martínez,
• Cristian Patiño Vidal,
• Camilo Streitt,
• Juan Escrig and
• Carol Lopez de Dicastillo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1450–1469, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.129

• antibacterial activities against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, methicillin-sensitive and resistant S. aureus [117]. Suganya et al. (2018) developed a potent antifungal nanocomposite with NiO NPs against the Aspergillus niger strain. The authors attributed the excellent antifungal properties to the physical process

• ]. Matsuda et al. (2019) have developed a fluoride-containing ZnO–CuO nanocomposite which inhibited the bacterial growth of Streptococcus mutans, showing a potential use in dental materials [124]. CuO nanorods (110 nm in length and 10 nm in diameter) were obtained by the precipitation process. The

Photothermally active nanoparticles as a promising tool for eliminating bacteria and biofilms

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Laura D’Alfonso,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1134–1146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.98

• , nanoparticle-based surfaces and nanocomposite materials to bacteria and biofilm ablation. This is a relatively recent approach and that could be applied as a promising alternative to existing antibacterial treatments. The state-of-the art and future perspectives are highlighted here. Review Photothermally

• application of gold-nanoparticle-coated surfaces and nanocomposite materials for antibacterial treatments. Gold nanoshells functionalized with carboxylate-terminated organosulfur ligands were attached to the surface of a model catheter and their effectiveness in eliminating adhering E. faecalis bacteria was

• irradiation was reported [67]. The antibacterial activity was measured on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, including clinically isolated multidrug-resistant pathogens. The authors found that the fabricated nanocomposite showed pronounced antimicrobial activity against tested pathogenic

Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO₂ nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties

• Mohammad Jaber,
• Asim Mushtaq,
• Kebiao Zhang,
• Jindan Wu,
• Dandan Luo,
• Zihan Yi,
• M. Zubair Iqbal and
• Xiangdong Kong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96

• specifically, Ag NPs have been widely used in many fields, such as dental filling, wound dressing, water treatment and textile fabrics [12][13]. However, issues have been raised concerning Ag-associated genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in human cells [14]. To solve these toxicity problems, nanocomposite materials

• activity of the as-prepared nanocomposites was investigated against Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli. Experimental Synthesis of the Ag–TiO2 nanocomposite A hydrothermal method was used to prepare the Ag–TiO2 nanocomposite on a gram-scale. 1.25 mol/L of a 16.0 mL titanium sulfate solution

• -well plates containing DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2 at 37 °C. The cells cultivated in the same plate without the nanocomposites were used as control. The concentration of the nanocomposite solutions was adjusted to 100 µL by adding DMEM. Next, the media

Plant growth regulation by seed coating with films of alginate and auxin-intercalated layered double hydroxides

• Vander A. de Castro,
• Valber G. O. Duarte,
• Danúbia A. C. Nobre,
• Geraldo H. Silva,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Frederico G. Pinto,
• Willian R. Macedo and
• Jairo Tronto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1082–1091, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.93

• this material in agriculture promotes a modified release of the intercalated species and/or a greater auxin stability against the biotic and abiotic factors of the medium, since the synthesized nanocomposite ZnAl-NAA-LDH was added to the seed in a single step together with the polymeric coating with

A novel dry-blending method to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of polymer templates for OTFT electrodes

• Xiangdong Ye,
• Bo Tian,
• Yuxuan Guo,
• Fan Fan and
• Anjiang Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 671–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.53

• with a size of 300 nm to be doped into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to prepare a PDMS/MCM-41 nanocomposite. The CTE of the nanocomposite decreased from the initial 301 ppm/°C of PDMS to 241 ppm/°C, when the content of silica in PDMS was increased to 20 wt %. To further reduce the CTE of the polymer

Silver-decorated gel-shell nanobeads: physicochemical characterization and evaluation of antibacterial properties

• Marta Bartel,
• Katarzyna Markowska,
• Marcin Strawski,
• Krystyna Wolska and
• Maciej Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 620–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.49

• of composite nanobeads with antibacterial properties. The particles consist of polystyrene cores that are surrounded by sulfonic gel shells with embedded silver nanoparticles. The nanocomposite beads are prepared by sulfonation of polystyrene particles followed by accumulation of silver ions in the

• have been partially reduced to thiol moieties. In consequence, the thiols interact with the silver nanoparticles anchoring them in the gel layer on the nanobeads. Moreover, it has been shown that the nanocomposite exhibits considerable antibacterial activity, comparable or superior to that of non

• nanocomposite using thermogravimetric analysis. The thermograms of PSS and PSSAg have been recorded up to 700 °C under oxygen/nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 5 °C/min (Figure 7). For the PSS sample one can see several decomposition steps in the range of 400–650 °C, which is characteristic of sulfonated

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• , which agrees well with the XRD results. To investigate the chemical composition and the valence states of the NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA nanocomposite, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed and the results are shown in Figure 4. According to Figure 4a, the elements Co, Ni, Mo, O and C can be clearly

Size effects of graphene nanoplatelets on the properties of high-density polyethylene nanocomposites: morphological, thermal, electrical, and mechanical characterization

• Tuba Evgin,
• Alpaslan Turgut,
• Georges Hamaoui,
• Zdenko Spitalsky,
• Nicolas Horny,
• Matej Micusik,
• Mihai Chirtoc,
• Mehmet Sarikanat and
• Maria Omastova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 167–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.14

• scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Our results show that the lateral size of GnPs was a more regulating factor for the above-mentioned nanocomposite properties compared to their thickness. For a given lateral size, thinner GnPs showed significantly higher electrical conductivity and a lower

• conductivity of the nanocomposites was approximately the same up to the percolation threshold for each type of nanocomposite. As the GnP loading reached the percolation threshold, there was an abrupt increase in electrical conductivity because a conductive network was formed. The percolation threshold varied

• in terms of the size of GnPs, as mentioned by Bakir and co-workers [12]. The percolation thresholds of G2 and G3 were 5.52 vol % and 7.38 vol %, respectively. However, the percolation threshold was not observed for the HDPE/G1 nanocomposite, which should appear at higher concentrations. Nevertheless

Gold and silver dichroic nanocomposite in the quest for 3D printing the Lycurgus cup

• Lars Kool,
• Floris Dekker,
• Anton Bunschoten,
• Glen J. Smales,
• Brian R. Pauw,
• Aldrik H. Velders and
• Vittorio Saggiomo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 16–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.2

• nanoparticles present in the glass. In this research we show the synthesis of dichroic silver nanoparticles and their embedding in a 3D printable nanocomposite. The addition of gold nanoparticles to the silver nanoparticle composite, gave a 3D printable nanocomposite with the same dichroism effect of the

• Lycurgus cup. Keywords: 3D printing; dichroism; Lycurgus cup; nanocomposite; Introduction The Lycurgus cup is, without any doubt, one of the most fascinating glass artefacts in the history of humankind [1]. This 4th century Roman cup, classified as cage cup, is a wonderful masterpiece of glass working

• AuNP nanocomposite which presents a dichroic effect, showing a brownish colour in reflection and a violet colour in transmission [9]. Driven by the curiosity of reproducing the green/red dichroic effect of the Lycurgus cup using modern knowledge on nanoparticles and recent technology like 3D printing

Advanced hybrid nanomaterials

• Andreas Taubert,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2563–2567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.247

• .10.247 Keywords: colloidal chemistry; environmental remediation; hybrid nanomaterials; nanocomposite; nanofillers; nanomedicine; nanostructures; polymer fillers; pore templating; smart materials; The Maya blue pigment that was used in Mexico during the VIIIth century is often given as a prototypical

• specialized experimental and theoretical techniques. This thematic issue clearly shows that “advanced hybrid nanomaterials” is not just hype, it is a real and powerful toolbox towards advanced materials for highly diverse fields, such as polymer nanocomposite, health and environment. Smart Materials and

• fire retardancy and gas permeation in a low molecular weight epoxy resin [28]. Regarding specific applications, the dielectric properties were investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) in “Nanocomposite–parylene C thin films with high dielectric constant and low losses for future organic

Integration of sharp silicon nitride tips into high-speed SU8 cantilevers in a batch fabrication process

• Nahid Hosseini,
• Matthias Neuenschwander,
• Oliver Peric,
• Santiago H. Andany,
• Jonathan D. Adams and
• Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2357–2363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.226

• -factor of the cantilever is aggravated by the fact that the chip body is also made of SU8 instead of a stiff conventional material. One technique to approach this challenge would be to make the cantilever chip body out of a SU8 nanocomposite with higher Young’s modulus instead of pure SU8. For instance