Characterization, bio-uptake and toxicity of polymer-coated silver nanoparticles and their interaction with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

• Sahar Pourhoseini,
• Reilly T. Enos,
• Angela E. Murphy,
• Bo Cai and
• Jamie R. Lead

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 282–294, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.23

• Healthcare Bio-Sciences AB, Sweden) [65][66]. In brief, peripheral blood from healthy volunteers was diluted with an equal volume of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; Gibco by life Technologies) and slowly layered onto the Ficoll-Paque media solution. Tubes were centrifuged at 500g for 30 to 40 min at

Differences in surface chemistry of iron oxide nanoparticles result in different routes of internalization

• Barbora Svitkova,
• Vlasta Zavisova,
• Veronika Nemethova,
• Martina Koneracka,
• Miroslava Kretova,
• Filip Razga,
• Monika Ursinyova and
• Alena Gabelova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 270–281, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.22

• additional time of 1 h. Cell exposure was finished by sucking off the culture medium and washing the cells twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). An illustration of the treatment is shown in Figure 4. The final concentrations of individual inhibitors of endocytosis or cytoskeleton dynamics were prepared

• -buffered saline (PBS). Basic physicochemical properties of surface-modified magnetite nanoparticles. Inhibitors of endocytosis and cytoskeleton dynamics. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 52: Expression of clathrin and caveolin, cytotoxicity of MNPs and endocytic inhibitors, time-lap

The nanomorphology of cell surfaces of adhered osteoblasts

• Christian Voelkner,
• Mirco Wendt,
• Regina Lange,
• Max Ulbrich,
• Martina Gruening,
• Susanne Staehlke,
• Barbara Nebe,
• Ingo Barke and
• Sylvia Speller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 242–256, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.20

• % CO2, 37 °C) was used. The sample was immersed in physiological electrolyte (DMEM with 10% FCS and 1% gentamicin) in case of living topography and membrane fluctuation measurements. Measurements of fixed cells took place at room temperature (21 °C) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Nanopipettes with

Effect of different silica coatings on the toxicity of upconversion nanoparticles on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Helena Oliveira and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 35–48, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.3

• lanthanide chlorides in DMEM. However, only Er3+ could be detected, with a high measurement uncertainty, in the filtrate of lanthanide chloride solutions. Lanthanide ions are known to bind to phosphate in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and form stable lanthanide phosphates [20]. Since DMEM contains Na2HPO4

Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system

• Hiroaki Komuro,
• Masahiro Yamazoe,
• Kosuke Nozaki,
• Akiko Nagai and
• Tetsuo Sasano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1685–1692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.150

• μM of genistein, 10 µM of EIPA, and 4 µM of cytochalasin D) and then added to the medium. After 24 and 72 h of incubation, the medium was replaced with a fresh medium containing 5 mg/mL of MTT and the cells were incubated for 3 h. Next, the cells were washed two times with phosphate-buffered saline

Electrokinetic characterization of synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Daniel F. Quevedo,
• Cody J. Lentz,
• Adriana Coll de Peña,
• Yazmin Hernandez,
• Nahal Habibi,
• Rikako Miki,
• Joerg Lahann and
• Blanca H. Lapizco-Encinas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1556–1567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.138

• measured in Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS), they had significantly different values for ζp, which were −3.5 ± 0.5 mV and 11.2 ± 0.9 mV for SPNP-BSA-488s and SPNP-Lys-488s, respectively. SPNP-Lys-488s were then analyzed using an EK device, as previously described, and the particles were trapped

Ultrasensitive detection of cadmium ions using a microcantilever-based piezoresistive sensor for groundwater

• Dinesh Rotake,
• Anand Darji and
• Nitin Kale

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1242–1253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.108

• phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7) according to [34] was prepared. The cysteamine SAM was allowed to cross-link with the ᴅʟ-glyceraldehyde solution for at least 2–3 hours by covering the container using silver foil. Stock solutions of 1 mM/10 mL of different salts (AlCl3, MnCl2, CrCl3, HgCl2, PbCl2, CdCl2

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• synthesis of FLG by the exfoliation of graphite in water and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) using Ce6 as the stabilizing molecule. The π–π stacking interactions between FLG and Ce6 allows the stabilization of FLG in biocompatible media. Following this methodology, a FLG-Ce6 hybrid nanomaterial was prepared

Highly sensitive detection of estradiol by a SERS sensor based on TiO₂ covered with gold nanoparticles

• Andrea Brognara,
• Ili F. Mohamad Ali Nasri,
• Beatrice R. Bricchi,
• Andrea Li Bassi,
• Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,
• Matteo Ghidelli and
• Nathalie Lidgi-Guigui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1026–1035, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.87

• orientation on the surface [31]. The MCH solution was prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution mixed with 10 mM MgCl2. The concentration of MCH was constant at 14.6 μM. The samples were rinsed three times with PBS and reverse osmosis water (RO water) to remove any unbound or excess molecules after

Uniform Fe₃O₄/Gd₂O₃-DHCA nanocubes for dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging

• Miao Qin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Mengjie Xu,
• Hui Yan,
• Yizhu Cheng,
• Xiumei Zhang,
• Di Huang,
• Weiyi Chen and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1000–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.84

• were diluted in normal saline and their relaxation time rates were measured using the 3.0 T magnetic resonance scanner with a 15-channel knee coil with T1-weighted imaging (TR/TE = 1000/11 ms) and T2-weighted imaging (TR/TE = 4000/70 ms). Cytotoxicity assay L929 cells were seeded onto a 96-well plate

• % paraformaldehyde solution and processed for Prussian blue staining. In vivo toxicity evaluation of FGDA nanocubes FGDA nanocubes were injected intravenously at a dose of 2 mg Fe/kg. Alternatively, the control group received a normal saline intravenous injection. After two weeks, the rats were euthanized by

Identification of physicochemical properties that modulate nanoparticle aggregation in blood

• Ludovica Soddu,
• Duong N. Trinh,
• Eimear Dunne,
• Dermot Kenny,
• Giorgia Bernardini,
• Ida Kokalari,
• Arianna Marucco,
• Marco P. Monopoli and
• Ivana Fenoglio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 550–567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.44

• aggregation. Materials and Methods Reagents Sodium polyacrylate, ᴅ-(+)-glucose, thionine acetate salt, phosphate buffered saline powder, EDTA, glutathione reduced and 5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tablets were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich

• aggregation was monitored by light transmission aggregometry (LTA) in a Chronolog-490D aggregometer (CHRONO-LOG® Corporation, Havertown, PA). Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen were used as activators of platelet aggregation. The NPs were first suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and then they

• , custom parallel plate perfusion chambers were coated overnight with 100 μg/mL VWF, washed with phosphate-buffered saline and blocked with 1% bovine serum albumin for 1 h prior to use. Whole blood was labelled with 1 μM DiOC6 (Sigma-Aldrich, Ireland) for 5 min at 37 °C prior to perfusion through the

Luminescent gold nanoclusters for bioimaging applications

• Nonappa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 533–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.42

• systematic study used several other pathogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus pyogenes, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE), E. Coli J96, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 6 (Figure 2A

Preparation and in vivo evaluation of glyco-gold nanoparticles carrying synthetic mycobacterial hexaarabinofuranoside

• Gennady L. Burygin,
• Polina I. Abronina,
• Nikita M. Podvalnyy,
• Sergey A. Staroverov,
• Leonid O. Kononov and
• Lev A. Dykman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 480–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.39

• glycoside 2 with a longer spacer aglycon was slightly inferior and could stabilize GNPs only at pH values of 9.7 and above. For this reason, immunization of rabbits was carried out with solutions of Ara6-GNPs 3 and 4 at pH ≈9.7, at which both Ara6-GNPs 3 and 4 were stable in saline medium. The stability of

• the corresponding glyco-GNPs and the studies in this direction seem promising. The conjugates prepared in this study (Ara6-GNPs) are stable in water (after removal of excess Ara6 glycoside by centrifugation) or in a saline medium (either at pH ≥8.9 or after lyophilization (in the presence of 5

Poly(1-vinylimidazole) polyplexes as novel therapeutic gene carriers for lung cancer therapy

• Gayathri Kandasamy,
• Elena N. Danilovtseva,
• Vadim V. Annenkov and
• Uma Maheswari Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 354–369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.26

• buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) in order to remove the non-adherent cells. The polyplexes containing siRNA were dissolved in 100 µL of serum-free media and added to the cells such that the concentration of siRNA in each well was 100 nM. The medium was replaced with fresh medium after 4 h followed by

• blocking buffer (5% skimmed milk in Tris-buffered saline containing 0.1% Tween-20) followed by overnight incubation with primary antibody (VEGF antibody, dilution 1:500, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) at 4 °C. The blots were then washed and incubated for 1 h with appropriate anti-mouse horseradish

Facile biogenic fabrication of hydroxyapatite nanorods using cuttlefish bone and their bactericidal and biocompatibility study

• Satheeshkumar Balu,
• Manisha Vidyavathy Sundaradoss,
• Swetha Andra and
• Jaison Jeevanandam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 285–295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.21

• %, MW – 105.99 g/mol), Na3C6H5O7 (Sigma-Aldrich, purity – 99%, MW – 258.07 g/mol) and phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (pH 7.4). Preparation of cuttlebone powder The thick outer layer of the cuttlefish bone part, called the dorsal shield, was removed using a lancet and the inner part (lamellae matrix) was

• prevented from coagulation by mixing it with 3.2% of trisodium citrate (MW – 258.07 g/mol, purity – 99%) in the ratio 1:10. Various concentrations (200, 100, 75, 50, 25 and 10 µg/mL) of CB-Hap NRs were prepared with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (purity – 99%, pH 7.4) and anticoagulated blood was used as a

Phase inversion-based nanoemulsions of medium chain triglyceride as potential drug delivery system for parenteral applications

• Eike Folker Busmann,
• Dailén García Martínez,
• Henrike Lucas and
• Karsten Mäder

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 213–224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.16

• the NaCl solution xNaCl,0: The mass of the ice-cold water mice water for shock dilution is the difference between the desired total mass of the nanoemulsion and the components calculated beforehand: To achieve isotonic nanoemulsions after shock dilution, the targeted osmolality of the saline aqueous

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

Fully amino acid-based hydrogel as potential scaffold for cell culturing and drug delivery

• Dávid Juriga,
• Evelin Sipos,
• Orsolya Hegedűs,
• Gábor Varga,
• Miklós Zrínyi,
• Krisztina S. Nagy and
• Angéla Jedlovszky-Hajdú

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2579–2593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.249

• -buffered saline (PBS) tablet (Sigma), ᴅʟ-dithiothreitol (CAS: 3483-12-3, Sigma, ≥99%). Synthesis of poly(succinimide) Poly(succinimide) (PSI) was synthesized by thermal polycondensation of the mixture of ʟ-aspartic acid and orthophosphoric acid. The mixture was loaded into a 1 L flask and inserted into a

• probability value is smaller than 0.05 (p < 0.05). Drug release measurement For the drug release measurement metoprolol was used as a model drug. Gel disks with a thickness of 0.75 mm and a diameter of 6 mm were swelled in physiological saline solution to reach the equilibrium swelling degree. After that

• , they were immersed in 100 mg/mL metoprolol tartrate (Sigma-Aldrich) solution for three days, and then the solution was carefully sponged up from the gel surface prior to the measurement. The release of the metoprolol was measured in 20 mL physiological saline solution (cNaCl = 9 g/L, pH 5.5) and in 20

Bombesin receptor-targeted liposomes for enhanced delivery to lung cancer cells

• Mohammad J. Akbar,
• Pâmela C. Lukasewicz Ferreira,
• Melania Giorgetti,
• Leanne Stokes and
• Christopher J. Morris

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2553–2562, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.246

• delivery of doxorubicin into PC-3 prostate cells using a modified bombesin targeting peptide [30]. The authors showed a reduction in mouse PC-3 xenograft size compared to non-targeted doxorubicin liposomes and saline control, consistent with tumour accumulation of the delivery system. In summary, an

Evaluation of click chemistry microarrays for immunosensing of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

• Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Dadfar,
• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Vanessa Trouillet,
• Hui-Yu Liu,
• Ravi Kumar,
• Annie K. Powell and
• Michael Hirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2505–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.241

• Figure 2b, the antibody coating was performed in two steps. First, the biotinylated surfaces were incubated for 1 h in a solution of 10 μg/mL of streptavidin in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The samples were washed with PBS and deionized water and were blow-dried with nitrogen. Second, a solution of

Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

• Yan Liu,
• Li Li,
• Xing Chen,
• Ying Wang,
• Meng-Nan Liu,
• Jin Yan,
• Liang Cao,
• Lu Wang and
• Zuo-Bin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2329–2337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.223

• placed into a 100 mm cell culture well. After sterilization for 1 h with ultraviolet light, the substrates were rinsed thrice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and once with the cell-culture medium. Then, the cells (approximately 1 × 105 cells·mL−1) were seeded on the fabricated SU-8 substrates and

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• saline solution. The presence of cubic spinel CuFe2O4 on HYPS was confirmed through powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and diffuse reflectance UV–vis spectroscopy (DR UV–vis) analysis. The HYPS particles showed a surface area of 170 m2/g, pore size of 8.3 nm

• (NO3)3·9H2O with 1.4 g of predried support material (HYPS, AlMSU-F and silicalite) using a mortar and pestle for 30 min followed by calcination at 850 °C for 6 h. Cisplatin was functionalized by mixing 30 mg of cisplatin with 600 mg of CuFe2O4/HYPS in normal saline solution (NSS) in an ice-cooled dark

• environment. After stirring overnight, the solution mixture was filtered and washed with 15 mL of normal saline solution. Then the adsorbed cisplatin was calculated using UV–visible spectroscopy at 208 nm [14]. Depending on the support, the loaded formulations were labelled as CuFe2O4/HYPS, CuFe2O4/AlMSU-F

Mannosylated brush copolymers based on poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(ε-caprolactone) as multivalent lectin-binding nanomaterials

• Stefania Ordanini,
• Wanda Celentano,
• Anna Bernardi and
• Francesco Cellesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2192–2206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.212

• . Turbidimetric assay This assay was performed in filtered (PTFE, 0.2 μm) HEPES-buffered saline (HBS), containing 10 mM HEPES, 150 mM NaCl and 1 mM CaCl2 at pH 7.4, according to a procedure already reported in the literature [38]. The stock solution of Con A (6 μM with respect to the tetramer, MW = 104000 Da) was

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• incubated with 5 μL of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (2% w/w) diluted in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), to avoid non-specific binding. Preparation of the bioconjugate complex of Ab2 and HRP (Ab2-MNP-HRP). Illustration of the PSA capturing step. Comparison of various sandwich-type immunosensors and

Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity

• Sebastian Pieper,
• Hannah Onafuye,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Martin Michaelis and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2062–2072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.201

• (vinyl alcohol) (PVA, 30,000–70,000 Da), bovine serum albumin (BSA), HSA, and glutaraldehyde were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany). Dulbecco's Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was purchased from Biochrom GmbH (Berlin, Germany). Doxorubicin was obtained from LGC Standards GmbH