Green and energy-efficient methods for the production of metallic nanoparticles

• Mitra Naghdi,
• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• M. Verma,
• R. Y. Surampalli and
• J. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2354–2376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.243

• considerable anticoagulant and inflammatory properties which is promising for various applications [70]. In a similar report, they used DAPHP and HA for production of Ag NPs from AgNO3 and studied their antimicrobial properties. According to this study, Ag–HA and Ag–DAPHP are more stable at physiological salt

• concentrations than metallic NPs and they show remarkable antimicrobial activity [55]. In another study, they found that Ag– and Au–DAPHP have potential applications in treatment of angiogenesis accelerated disorders, such as cancer and inflammatory diseases [71]. Cai et al. used the nanoporous structure of

NanoE-Tox: New and in-depth database concerning ecotoxicity of nanomaterials

• Katre Juganson,
• Angela Ivask,
• Irina Blinova,
• Monika Mortimer and
• Anne Kahru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1788–1804, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.183

• Consumer Products Inventory [2]. According to this inventory, the most abundant ENMs used in consumer products are silver (438 products), titanium (107), carbon (90), silica (81), zinc (38) and gold (24) with the main applications in antimicrobial protection (381 products), coatings (188) and health

Nanotechnology in the real world: Redeveloping the nanomaterial consumer products inventory

• Marina E. Vance,
• Todd Kuiken,
• Eric P. Vejerano,
• Sean P. McGinnis,
• Michael F. Hochella Jr.,
• David Rejeski and
• Matthew S. Hull

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1769–1780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.181

• compositions, silver is also the most frequently advertised nanomaterial component, with 207 products or 14.5% [11]. Silver nanoparticles are popular consumer product additives due to their well-documented antimicrobial properties [22]. Figure 3 shows how the availability of these major nanomaterial

• ). A significant portion of products in the CPI (31% of products analyzed) utilize nanomaterials – mostly silver nanoparticles, but also titanium dioxide and others – to confer antimicrobial protection. Nanomaterials such as titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide are used to provide protective coatings

• features on their surface (e.g., nanofilm-coated products) Surface-bound particles: Nanoparticles added to the surface of a solid product or part (e.g., a computer keyboard coated with silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial protection) Suspended in liquid: Nanomaterials suspended in a liquid product (e.g

Fulleropeptide esters as potential self-assembled antioxidants

• Mira S. Bjelaković,
• Tatjana J. Kop,
• Jelena Đorđević and
• Dragana R. Milić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1065–1071, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.107

• wide range of activities of fullerene–peptide conjugates has been studied [3][7][16]. Fulleropeptides synthesized by Prato's research group [17] showed a good bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus making it interesting for potential antimicrobial chemotherapeutics. Recently

Influence of gold, silver and gold–silver alloy nanoparticles on germ cell function and embryo development

• Ulrike Taylor,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Wilfried A. Kues,
• Stephan Barcikowski and
• Detlef Rath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 651–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.66

• antimicrobial properties [20][21]. This variety in applications generates several potential exposure routes for gold and silver nanoparticles, including injection and inhalation particularly for biomedical applications, but also ingestion and skin contact for medical and consumer products. The uptake behaviour

Novel ZnO:Ag nanocomposites induce significant oxidative stress in human fibroblast malignant melanoma (Ht144) cells

• Syeda Arooj,
• Samina Nazir,
• Akhtar Nadhman,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Bakhtiar Muhammad,
• Ishaq Ahmad,
• Kehkashan Mazhar and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 570–582, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.59

• exhibit an improved photocatalytic activity [26][27] and photostability [28] compared to the ZnO NPs. Nanoscale Ag2+ itself exhibits antimicrobial and anticancer activity [29], therefore it might be a very interesting and useful addition to the ZnO NPs as it not only enhances the photocatalytic activity

• with 3% Ag content (size: 12 nm) were toxic to different bacterial strains. Talari et al. [34] reported that increase in Ag content in the ZnO:Ag nanocomposites improved the antimicrobial activity of these particles. The addition of Ag content in ZnO NPs causes a positional shift in XRD pattern

Nanobioarchitectures based on chlorophyll photopigment, artificial lipid bilayers and carbon nanotubes

• Marcela Elisabeta Barbinta-Patrascu,
• Stefan Marian Iordache,
• Ana Maria Iordache,
• Nicoleta Badea and
• Camelia Ungureanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2316–2325, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.240

• stability, good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and could be used as biocoating materials. As compared to the cholesterol-free samples, the cholesterol-containing hybrid structures demonstrated better stability (i.e., their zeta potential reached the value of −36.4 mV), more pronounced oxygen

• Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). The antimicrobial activity was tested against human pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 8738, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. The bacterial strains were grown in Luria Bertani Agar (LBA) plates at 37 °C with the following

• ). Antimicrobial activity of samples The antimicrobial investigations were performed on Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) bacteria. Phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) was the negative control for all the samples. The liposomes alone (samples V1 and V2

Effect of silver nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

• Christina Sengstock,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Thomas A. Schildhauer and
• Manfred Köller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2058–2069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.214

• behavior of Ag-NP, such as cell toxicity or antimicrobial potency, are related to the reactivity of silver ions [38][39][40][41]. As we have shown previously, the rate and degree of the dissolution of Ag-NP depends on their surface functionalization, their concentration, the oxygen content and temperature

PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments

• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Alexandra Antonopulos,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Ralf Dringen,
• Matthias Epple,
• Rebekka Flöck,
• Wolfgang Goedecke,
• Christina Graf,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Jens Helmlinger,
• Fabian Herzog,
• Frederike Heuer,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Christian Johannes,
• Stefanie Kittler,
• Manfred Köller,
• Katrin Korn,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Eva M. Luther,
• Marcelina Malissek,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Anne Pailliart,
• Jörg Raabe,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Carsten Schleh,
• Andreas Seibel,
• Christina Sengstock,
• Lennart Treuel,
• Annika Vogt,
• Katrin Weber and
• Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205

A study on the consequence of swift heavy ion irradiation of Zn–silica nanocomposite thin films: electronic sputtering

• Compesh Pannu,
• Udai B. Singh,
• Dinesh. C. Agarwal,
• Saif A. Khan,
• Sunil Ojha,
• Ramesh Chandra,
• Hiro Amekura,
• Debdulal Kabiraj and
• Devesh. K. Avasthi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1691–1698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.179

• therapy, anticorrosive coating and antimicrobial coatings, in chemical reaction as catalyst, galvanization of iron and steel [30][31]. Bulk Zn has a melting point of 419.6 °C and the melting point of Zn nanoparticle varies from 250 to 420 °C depending on the size of nanoparticle [32][33]. The melting

Current state of laser synthesis of metal and alloy nanoparticles as ligand-free reference materials for nano-toxicological assays

• Christoph Rehbock,
• Jurij Jakobi,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Selina van der Meer,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wilfried Kues,
• Detlef Rath and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1523–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.165

• its antimicrobial effect [134][135][136]. Next to the abundance of potentially toxic stabilizers, the synthesis of AuAg alloy nanoparticles by chemical methods proofs to be difficult as parallel co-reductions of Au3+ and Ag+ metal salts operates at different rates due to different redox potentials

• the particles while adverse effects strongly increase as a certain threshold in the composition of the particle is reached. These findings could be reproduced by Grade et al. [148] who also found a steep increase of cytotoxicity as well as antimicrobial effects at GMF < 0.5 (Figure 13B). In many

• made with nanocomposites and do not necessarily apply to colloidal nanoparticles. Furthermore, it could be demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of AuAg alloy nanoparticles is likewise affected by the presence of surface ligands [148]. Here, citrate reduced cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects, while they

Mimicking exposures to acute and lifetime concentrations of inhaled silver nanoparticles by two different in vitro approaches

• Fabian Herzog,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Sandor Balog,
• Martin J. D. Clift,
• Matthias Epple,
• Peter Gehr,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1357–1370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.149

• Medicine, Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 50, 3008 Bern, Switzerland 10.3762/bjnano.5.149 Abstract In the emerging market of nano-sized products, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are widely used due to their antimicrobial properties. Human

• as objects with all three external dimensions between 1 and 100 nm [2], silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) allow for a vast range of applications and are the most commonly used material in the emerging markets of nano-sized products [3][4][5][6]. Consumer applications using Ag NPs as antimicrobial agents

Antimicrobial nanospheres thin coatings prepared by advanced pulsed laser technique

• Alina Maria Holban,
• Valentina Grumezescu,
• Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu,
• Bogdan Ştefan Vasile,
• Roxana Truşcă,
• Rodica Cristescu,
• Gabriel Socol and
• Florin Iordache

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 872–880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.99

• -CS-Fe3O4@EUG nanospheres diameter sizes range between 20 and 80 nm. These MAPLE-deposited coatings acted as bioactive nanosystems and exhibited a great antimicrobial effect by impairing the adherence and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa

• ) bacteria strains. Moreover, the obtained nano-coatings showed a good biocompatibility and facilitated the normal development of human endothelial cells. These nanosystems may be used as efficient alternatives in treating and preventing bacterial infections. Keywords: antimicrobial; chitosan; magnetite

• nanosystems to obtain improved, antimicrobial coatings for biomedical applications [7][8]. Nonpolar functionalized magnetite nanostructures alone [9][10] or combined with different natural products, such as usnic acid (UA) [11] or essential oils (Mentha piperita [12], Anethum graveolens [13], Salvia

Antimicrobial properties of CuO nanorods and multi-armed nanoparticles against B. anthracis vegetative cells and endospores

• Pratibha Pandey,
• Merwyn S. Packiyaraj,
• Himangini Nigam,
• Gauri S. Agarwal,
• Beer Singh and
• Manoj K. Patra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 789–800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.91

• carcinogenicity and the corrosive nature limits their use for personal decontamination and decontamination of sensitive equipment [7]. This scenario makes it imperative to evaluate antimicrobial potential of the robust nanoparticles. Active noncorrosive nanoparticles can be used for disinfection of equipment and

• surfaces for example, in air filters and respirators and also, in paints and coatings for hospitals and strategic buildings. Antimicrobial formulations comprising inorganic nanoparticles could be effective bactericidal materials. They have the additional advantage of improved safety and stability of

• inorganic agents compared to organic antimicrobial agents [8]. The safe and efficient decontamination of civilian water resources and facilities after an attack with B. anthracis is a potential application for nanomaterials. A considerable amount of research was published recently in the field of

Injection of ligand-free gold and silver nanoparticles into murine embryos does not impact pre-implantation development

• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wiebke Garrels,
• Annette Barchanski,
• Svea Peterson,
• Laszlo Sajti,
• Andrea Lucas-Hahn,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Ulrich Baulain,
• Sabine Klein,
• Wilfried A. Kues,
• Stephan Barcikowski and
• Detlef Rath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 677–688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.80

• are currently viewed as promising agents for in vivo imaging purposes and might therefore be in frequent use in the near future. AgNP are already abundantly employed in applications for their antimicrobial properties. Both particle types also represent good models for exploring the extent to which

Cyclodextrin-poly(ε-caprolactone) based nanoparticles able to complex phenolphthalein and adamantyl carboxylate

• Daniela Ailincai and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 651–657, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.76

• potential application for antimicrobial delivery have been described [16]. The aim of this study was to develop a β-CD-poly-ε-caprolactone compound by click chemistry, which is able to form nanoparticles in water. Once obtained, the nanoparticles were used for host–guest behavior studies with different

An ultrasonic technology for production of antibacterial nanomaterials and their coating on textiles

• Anna V. Abramova,
• Vladimir O. Abramov,
• Aharon Gedanken,
• Ilana Perelshtein and
• Vadim M. Bayazitov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 532–536, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.62

• after washing. Antimicrobial textiles can be produced by coating textiles with antibacterial nanoparticles (NPs). NPs such as zinc oxide NPs are known to have antibacterial properties due to OH• radicals, which result from defects in their crystal structure [2]. In the case of power ultrasound

• used the reactor described in [7] to produce antimicrobial textiles coated with nanoparticles. Ultrasonic vibrations were introduced into the reactor through two magnetostrictive transducers with an operating frequency of 19 kHz, one of which was located above the moving fabric, and the other one below

Cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles after intratracheal instillation in rats

• Nadine Haberl,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Alexander Wenk,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Blair D. Johnston,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling and
• Carsten Schleh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 933–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.105

• consumer products is growing rapidly [1]. The antimicrobial properties of AgNP render them useful as a component in wound dressings or as coatings for catheters [2][3][4][5]. In addition, they are used in deodorants or applied in textiles as a protection against odor [6][7]. With regard to the use in

Photocatalytic antibacterial performance of TiO₂ and Ag-doped TiO₂ against S. aureus. P. aeruginosa and E. coli

• Kiran Gupta,
• R. P. Singh,
• Ashutosh Pandey and
• Anjana Pandey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 345–351, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.40

• and transfer behaviour of the photoexcited electron–hole pairs in the semiconductors was recorded by photoluminescence. The antimicrobial activity of TiO2 and Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (3% and 7%) was investigated against both gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Pseudomonas

• zero viability at 40 mg/30 mL culture in the case of P. aeruginosa only. Keywords: Ag-doped TiO2; antimicrobial activity; sol–gel; Introduction The photocatalytic agent TiO2, known for its chemical stability and optical competency, has been used extensively for killing different groups of

• photocatalytic efficiency [8][9]. However, silver nanoparticles have prospective applications including biosensing, biodiagnostics, optical fibers, and antimicrobial and photocatalytic uses. Silver ions are known to cause denaturation of proteins present in bacterial cell walls and slow down bacterial growth [5

Electrospinning preparation and electrical and biological properties of ferrocene/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) composite nanofibers

• Ji-Hong Chai and
• Qing-Sheng Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 189–197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.19

• PVP nanofibers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the crystalline structure of Fc in the fibers was amorphous after the electrospinning process. A biological evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Fc/PVP nanofibers was carried out by using Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) as

• agent. In the case of Fc/PVP nanofibers, water-soluble polymer PVP, as a carrier, not only provides good dispersion for Fc, but also can release Fc quickly upon encountering a small amount of water. The antimicrobial activity of composite Fc/PVP nanofibers is explored in this article. Common E.coli was

• counter electrode, and a saturated calomel electrode (SCE) as the reference electrode. Antimicrobial activity testing of Fc/PVP nanofibers The sample containing 45 wt % Fc was tested for antibacterial activity against the Gram-negative E. coli. Samples were prepared in the form of discs with a diameter of

Paper modified with ZnO nanorods – antimicrobial studies

• Mayuree Jaisai,
• Sunandan Baruah and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 684–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.78

• , Postal Code 123, Al Khoud, Oman 10.3762/bjnano.3.78 Abstract Paper with antimicrobial properties was developed through in situ growth of ZnO nanorods. The targeted application for this type of paper is in health centers as wallpaper, writing paper, facemasks, tissue paper, etc. The paper was tested on

• three model microbes, Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and common airborne fungus Aspergillus niger. No viable bacterial colonies or fungal spores could be detected in the areas surrounding test samples of the antimicrobial paper. Gram-negative

• the paper samples are 102% and 70%, and for Aspergillus niger, 224% and 183% of the sample area, under similar lighting conditions. Keywords: antimicrobial; nanorod; paper; photocatalysis; zinc oxide; Introduction Deterioration of library materials due to fungal growth is a worldwide problem and a