Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• mechanical stress is applied. In this work, the transport properties of thin-film layered lead–PDP–lead structures were experimentally studied in a wide temperature range. At sufficiently high temperatures, the current voltage characteristics are satisfactorily described in terms of the injection model of

• currents limited by the space charge. At temperatures below ≈8 K, a number of samples exhibit features that can be explained by the effect of induced superconductivity in a thin film of conducting polymer enclosed between two massive superconductors (lead). Keywords: conducting polymer; superconductivity

• ) × 103 without the formation of a gel fraction have been found. A model image of the structural unit of the PDP polymer is shown in Figure 1a. Polymers of this class are soluble in organic solvents and have exceptional film-forming properties [5][6]. According to these results, continuous homogeneous

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• situation was associated with the fact that the film layer formed on the nanoparticle surface with the CS coating causes a slower release after the burst effect. When both formulations reached the SCoF, they still retained an amount of more than 50% of the drug. The CS-coated PLGA formulation was able to

• models although both formulations have similar dissolution profiles. The main difference between the two formulations is the CS coating. The release profiles were different at the beginning, and a faster release was observed from CS-coated nanoparticles. However, in the following process, the film layer

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• effective large scale production. Meanwhile, a novel biomimetic surface is commercially available and produced on a large scale: an adhesive elastomeric film with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures that mimic the adhesion system of animals. In this study, we show that these films, which have been

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• Pent was prepared at a 1:1 molar ratio using the classical method of organic film hydration (Figure 4A). In our study we employed Pent as a free base [19][26], slightly soluble in water (i.e., ≅30 µg/mL), instead of Pent isethionate salt used in the literature for the preparation of β-CD/Pent inclusion

• organic film of pentamidine (Pent) at [PolyCD]:[Pent] 1:1 molar ratio. The organic film was obtained by slow evaporation of 1.36 mL of Pent ethanolic solution (1 mg/mL). The film was hydrated with nanoGS solution (4 mL) previously heated to 40 °C and the reaction mixture was left stirring at room

Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

• Roopakala Kottayi,
• Ilangovan Veerappan and
• Ramadasse Sittaramane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1337–1344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.110

• [16]. Recently, Larsen et al. reported that, due to the appropriate bandgap (1.6–1.8 eV), AgGaSe2 is a wide-range light absorber in thin film solar cells [17]. Tianya Bai et al. [18] examined that ZnS-coated AgGaS2 nanocrystals (AgGaS2/ZnS core–shell nanocrystals) have a tunable bandgap and PL colors

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• -covered and polished titanium alloy surfaces after peel-off of an electrospun nonwoven. While the nanofibers could be removed entirely from the LIPSS (a, b), a film of nanofibers remains on the polished surface (c, d). This can be seen macroscopically (left) as well as in the SEM micrographs (right). (a

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• nanowires is directly coupled to the preparation of the probe, and the traditional method of fiber erosion across the film is more straightforward. The preparation of the probe can be directly used as a scanning near-field optical microscope scanning needle tip. Moreover, the probe prepared by this method

Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials

• Arbresha Muriqi and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103

• initial MLD reactions in titanicone film growth using three different surface models: anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2 and Al2O3. Calculated energetics show that while TiCl4 is reactive towards the anatase and rutile TiO2 surfaces, it is not reactive towards the Al2O3 surface. Ti(DMA)4 is reactive towards all

• prefer the flat lying configuration on all surfaces. This work shows that the choice of the surface and the metallic precursor has a major impact on the behaviour of organic species. DFT findings provide motivation to develop a low temperature rutile TiO2/titanicone film suggesting that the desired film

• growth could be achieved. Keywords: density functional theory (DFT) studies; double reactions; surface chemistry; titanicone; Introduction Molecular layer deposition (MLD), a thin film deposition technique, has attracted significant attention in recent years as a suitable approach for the deposition of

Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills

• Patrick Weiser,
• Robin Kietz,
• Marc Schneider,
• Matthias Worgull and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102

• roll-to-roll process for the fabrication of a thin polymeric film covered with nanofur from polypropylene. Our process enables structuring of large areas of the order of square meters using industry standard machinery. This opens up many possible applications for nanofur that could previously not be

• realized because of the limitations of conventional hot embossing regarding structurable area. The structured film is subsequently processed into an exemplary product, that is, so-called nanopads; polymeric sandwiches of polypropylene film covered with nanofur and filled with an oil-absorbing material

• polymeric nanofur, we developed a continuous roll-to-roll (R2R) process. For that, we combine classical film extrusion with roll-to-roll structuring [2][19][20][21][22]. The overall process relies only on tools frequently used in industry, thereby enabling the cost-effective upscaling of nanofur fabrication

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• peptide, insulin, and mandelic acid were examined by QCM. The results indicated that the molecules stereoselectively bound on the films and have a greater affinity toward the nanotubular film than toward the smooth film. This proved that the structural features of the polymer sensor film are also key

• electrodes [45]. After removal of the template by acetic acid–acetonitrile solution, permeable MIP-sensing films with an imprinted cavity could be obtained. The real-time adsorption measurements indicated that this MIP film exhibited specific recognition only for S-propranolol. Luo et al. used the in situ

• bulk polymerization method to fabricate poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) MIP films on QCM electrodes for detecting ʟ-tryptophan. The sensor film was highly selective with a detection limit of 0.73 ng/mL and did not respond to the structural analogous of ᴅ-tryptophan and ascorbic acid. The selectivity

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• in hydrogen ion concentration and this difference forms the induced current in the external circuit. The MoS2 film can provide a continuous electrical output of 19 mV and 6.24 μA. The introduction of ion concentration difference is a valuable improvement. This artificially created internal ion

• , there are also some novel innovations in energy-harvesting structures, such as the construction of lateral gradients of nanomaterials, the construction of multilayer structures, and the direct use of ion distribution gradients in liquids. With a PVP thin film of 290 nm thickness as the dielectric layer

• propylene (FEP) film and made it have a nanoscale network structure with rough surface as shown in Figure 6g,h [21]. On a fluctuating water surface, the upper and lower electrodes on the back of the polymer will generate a potential difference, thereby generating current and voltage. Multiple device groups

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• such as blinking and nasolacrimal drainage, anatomical barriers, efflux pumps, and metabolism in ocular tissues are responsible for drug elimination [38]. It is noteworthy that the tear film is completely replaced with a new one by the tear fluid secreted at a rate of 1.2 mL/min. The eye is also

• the form of inserts. They are mostly solid or semi-solid forms with the appropriate size and shape, intended to be placed in the conjunctival sac. They consist of an active substance reservoir with a matrix structure or a film that regulates the rate of release of the API. Inserts are used less

• a constant controlled rate according to zero-order kinetics [79][80][81]. Drug-loaded soft contact lenses can be classified as non-dissolving implants [82][83]. Satisfactory results are also obtained with in situ gelling liquid implants [84][85] or film forming liquids [86][87][88]. In addition to

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• , patterning, and sensing, as a result of their advantageous characteristics [125]. Han and co-workers extracted cow milk-derived CDs (CM-CDs) from aqueous solution using ethyl acetate to create amphiphilic CM-CDs (ACMCDs). A unique ACMCD-Ag/polymethylmethacrylate antibacterial film was produced utilizing the

• solvent casting process after the ACMCDs were supported by silver nanoparticles, employing them as both a reducing agent and a template. The nanocomposite antibacterial film is anticipated to have a lot of potential applications such as food packaging, water purification, and disinfecting sanitary

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• approach has been used to create a graphene oxide with chitosan and hydroxyapatite nanocomposite film for a possible use in bone tissue regeneration. As per study results, the combined chitosan and hydroxyapatite nanocomposite film provides an excellent substrate for the growth of mouse mesenchymal stem

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• electrocatalysts [14][18][19]. Oxophilicity, agglomeration, and poor chemical stability of Ag require the amalgamation of Ag with other metals for a better optical and catalytic activity [20]. Chen et al. synthesised Ag nanoscale alloys containing metals such as copper, cobalt, iron, and indium via pulse film

Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces

• Jānis Sniķeris,
• Vjačeslavs Gerbreders,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Ēriks Sļedevskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87

• to be removed from the vacuum chamber during the cleaning procedure since the N plasma cleaning procedure affected the Ag surface, most notably by forming a layer which produces thin film interference. The sample irradiation was repeated 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, and 2 h after the end of the cleaning

• , radiolysis by collisions with electrons seeming like the most obvious one. It should be noted that N plasma treatment in this case also affected the clean Ag surface, turning it into an interfering thin film. We believe that controlled etching with plasma has the potential to explore the structure of metal

Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge

• Dick Hartmann Douma,
• Lodvert Tchibota Poaty,
• Alessio Lamperti,
• Stéphane Kenmoe,
• Abdulrafiu Tunde Raji,
• Alberto Debernardi and
• Bernard M’Passi-Mabiala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85

• structure. The fluorite structure is not stable under ambient conditions and, thus, zirconia is usually found in the monoclinic phase. The cubic distorted fluorite structure may however be stabilized by a doping or by deposition as a thin film (because the surface energy of the cubic structure is lower than

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth,
• Lukas Schreiber and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

• the plant cuticle and, thus, the first contact site of the plant with its biotic and abiotic environment. They form a thin crystalline wax film (less than 1 µm) and often various three-dimensional emerging wax crystals in the nano- and micrometer range (0.5–100 µm) [14][15][16]. Recrystallization of

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• obtained from fluorinated silica colloids, thin film deposition of silicone elastomers or nanoengineered superhydrophobic surfaces of Teflon®-coated aluminium [63][64][65]. Superhydrophobic surfaces have also been reported to be unfavorable for mammalian cell attachment and growth. This may be due to the

• ]. Cell culture studies on film surfaces using Balb 3T3 fibroblasts [148], neonatal rat cardiomyocytes [162], human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) derived cardiomyocytes [150], keratinocytes, myoblasts, or neuronal cells [163] revealed that negatively eADF4(C16) and uncharged eADF4(Ω16) surfaces do

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• compact molecular film is crucial to obtain high-performance devices, since an efficient charge carrier transport is hindered by morphological defects, such as grain boundaries or pinholes [10][11]. Moreover, crystalline and well-ordered layers are particularly suitable for spatially averaging

• [12]. Annealing the substrate during the film deposition could promote the growth of ordered layers even for high Ed values (Ed > kBT, with T = 300 K), but often the high annealing temperature required promotes the modification of the molecules or even their decomposition [13][14]. Another important

• the cell efficiency [21]. It has been shown that a buffer layer interposed between the substrate and the molecular film can improve the crystallinity of the latter and reduce the electronic coupling with the support [22]. The buffer layer can either be a thin oxide film [23][24][25][26] or a single

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• ]. Superconducting spintronics is a branch of superconducting electronics, the key components of which are thin-film magnetic Josephson junctions (MJJs), which include layers of superconductors (S), ferromagnets (F) and insulators (I) [1][2][3][14][15]. The use of MJJs considerably reduces the energy consumption

• are of interest. In our recent work, using the example of a thin epitaxial film of Pd0.94Fe0.06, it was demonstrated [37] that the dynamics of the reflection coefficient and the angle of rotation of the polarization plane in magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements after a photoexcitation with

• beam epitaxy (MBE). The films were 20 nm thick, continuous, and smooth monocrystalline layers. The MBE equipment provided uniformity of the film thickness within 3% on the 1″ lateral size. The film composition x was measured in situ using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (all from SPECS, Berlin) with a

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• nanometers. We did not observe any pop-in in the force–penetration curves that would indicate a sharp rupture of the oxide film. Such an observation required a higher sampling rate than used during the measurements. However, the experimental data points deviate from the linear fit function at penetration

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• of both a graphene film and a single crystal (Figure 2a,b). The area analysis (650 × 500 µm2) revealed less than ten residues, indicating an extremely clean transfer process. B2 PMMA allowed for up to six transfer cycles, representing an intermediate, yet acceptable, mechanical support. This proves

• transfer process. Following this method, the Cu substrate with graphene was first oxidized in ambient air on a hot plate at 200 °C for 2 min. The graphene film on the Cu substrate serves as a protection layer, preventing the underlying Cu surface from oxidation because of its high chemical/thermal

• , on which the graphene film would make electrical contact. The B2 PMMA/graphene films were then transferred onto the wafer and patterned by O2 plasma, followed by the sacrificial layer removal. Previous to the passivation, Al2O3 was selectively removed to improve the adhesion of the oxide passivation

Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
• Daniel Schorr,
• Julia K. Metz,
• Metin Yildirim,
• Saeed Ahmad Khan and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

• studies dealing with mechanical properties of nanoparticulate drug carriers determines the elasticity of bulk film material instead of that of the particles themselves [3]. Lack of appropriate equipment and training for measurements under physiological conditions might be the reasons. Alsharif et al

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• obtained from the Milli-Q Advantage A 10 system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA), displaying a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ·cm. Preparation of Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites The fabrication process of cellulose-derived Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites is exhibited in Figure 1. Ten layers of ultrathin titania film were