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Search for "imaging" in Full Text gives 976 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30
- are assessed with the use of fluorescent-labeling carriers and the expression of fluorescent proteins (e.g., enhanced green fluorescent protein). Both of which are typically assessed by widefield fluorescent microscopy/confocal microscopy (referred to as “imaging”) and/or flow cytometry (Table 1
- ) [16]. Unfortunately, confocal imaging is limited by relatively low throughput (even with automation) and can be ambiguous when determining internalization within 500 nm of the cell membrane [17]. However, widefield fluorescence microscopy is still widely used when it comes to observing the expression
- of proteins after transfection. Because organelles (e.g., endosomes) are not uniformly distributed throughout the cell, these 2D imaging methods are rarely accurate for quantification of either uptake or transfection. Nevertheless, they still have been the methods of choice during the last five years
Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29
- , nanocarriers need to be engineered to add functionalities, both in their cores and at their surfaces. This includes therapeutic drugs and genes, targeting moieties, performance enhancers (e.g., for barrier penetration and to avoid opsonization), and imaging agents [2][3]. Core and matrix of the nanoparticles
- imaging and magnetic hyperthermia. These particle sizes were smaller than those obtained by high-energy methods (i.e., sonication) [60]. The presence of PLGA in the oil (organic phase) impacts the phase behavior of surfactant systems and thus the phase transitions that take place upon water addition to
Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25
- -assembly of the particles The effect of the SiBP on the self-assembly of the as-grown particles was investigated via SEM and UV–vis spectroscopy. Single-layer and multilayer assemblies were investigated by using different dilutions of the as-synthesized particles. SEM imaging showed that the particles from
Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24
- ., magnetic resonance imaging, heat production, magnetic manipulation, and enzyme mimics) [99]. Tumor ablation based on magnetothermy is safe for humans as the energy of the magnetic field is only absorbed by magnetic NPs and not by normal tissue [79]. However, magnetic NPs are prone to aggregation and
- patients and has shown promise for medical prospects. Some of the applications related to biomimetic cancer cell membrane-coated agents are listed and described below. 5.1 Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic nanoparticles are widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because they can improve imaging
- distributed in tumor tissue for effective imaging because of the lack of targeting capability. An appropriate surface coating could enhance their diagnostic value for medical imaging [122]. Biomimetic nanodelivery systems are of great significance for imaging agents [101]. H460 lung cancer cell membrane
Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23
- expression has not only improved current therapeutic plans for cancer patients but has had an impact on the design approaches of the nanotools for cancer imaging and anticancer drug delivery. In recent years, new platforms to enhance the low tumor targeting capacity of nanomedicines using biomimetic
- , gold nanoshells, and microbots) and imaging contrast nanoparticles (quantum dots and iron oxide), after homing into the tumor environment [113]. Xu et al. described an injectable nanoparticle generator (iNPG) showing substantial natural tumor tropism designed as aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES
Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20
- nanoparticles shifts due to changes in the surrounding medium [14][17][26]. Thus, the same laser source may lose its suitability for applications such as photothermal therapeutics, photoacoustic imaging, and drug delivery. Also, the maximum absorption of the incident radiation is desired, which depends on the
A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19
- on the edges and planes perpendicular to the imaging plane, although they can be above or below each other. Therefore, it can be concluded that the irregular PtNPs with dimensions of 1–4 nm are evenly deposited on the surface of carbon particles. Changing the number of laser pulses from 50000 to
- morphology of the carbon material was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). SEM measurements of the samples were carried out using a Quanta 3D FEG microscope (FEI, United States). The surface imaging and EDS measurements were done at an
Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17
- test internalization of CQDs, Hela cells were treated for 48 h with a concentration of 200 µg/mL CQDs. As shown in Figure 6b, fluorescence imaging demonstrated that CQDs penetrated Hela cells well (compared to Hela cells treated with vehicle control, shown in Figure 6a) and were mainly in the cytoplasm
- -transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–vis spectrophotometry, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). CQDs/PU composite samples were characterized by UV–vis, AFM, FTIR, PL, EPR, and luminescence measurements. For TEM imaging (JEOL JEM-1400 operated at 120 kV
- ), CQDs were deposited on graphene oxide copper grids with 300 mesh by drop casting. For AFM imaging, all CQDs samples were deposited on freshly cleaved mica. The AFM measurements were conducted using a Quesant microscope operating in tapping mode in air at ambient temperature. Statistical analysis of all
Intermodal coupling spectroscopy of mechanical modes in microcantilevers
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 123–132, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.13
- coupling was proven in doubly clamped beams, square membranes and circular membranes [18][26][27][28][29][30][31]. For atomic force microscopy imaging, a slight angle between the sensing mechanical resonator and the sample of interest is required, ensuring that the only contact occurs between the sample
- multifrequency AFM has improved both imaging contrast and the amount of extracted information from AFM experiments by exploiting the nonlinearity of the tip–surface interaction [32][33][34][35][36]. The methods applied excel in both their creativity and engineering prowess. A first example is on-resonance
Characterisation of a micrometer-scale active plasmonic element by means of complementary computational and experimental methods
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 110–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.12
- microscopy (SJEM); surface plasmon polariton; Introduction Active plasmonics has been gaining attention from the research community for its role in the development of photonic devices [1][2], low-loss waveguides [3], and imaging systems [4]. It is an emerging subfield of plasmonics, which focuses on
- imaging technologies and as modulators in optoelectronic couplers for photonic circuits. Finite element method (FEM) simulations are used to validate both experimental approaches, allowing for cross-verification of results and giving greater insight into the underlying physical phenomena. Surface plasmon
- applications in the development of new imaging technologies using this localised field to go beyond the diffraction limit of light. Because the temperature is geometry-dependent in the constriction, it is necessary to map the thermal distribution in the vicinity of the element. The experimental complementary
Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4
- Schottky Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, Tokyo, Japan) is used, but for sub-100 nm features AFM is employed to avoid the heavy influence of high-energy electron beams on molecular patterns in imaging. The straightness of the obtained lines is also assessed by calculating the linear regression
Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2
- nanoparticles have been proposed as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, high-precision biosensors, and carriers in magnetic-assisted drug delivery systems. Furthermore, they are used for tumor treatment via the hyperthermia method and in bone tissue regenerative medicine [5][6]. However, using iron
From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131
- [28]. Conclusion Both PTCDA and CuPc are archetypical molecules used to forward our understanding of acceptor–donor pairs on surfaces. In this letter, we presented an investigation of the PC phase with AFM, STM, dI/dV spectra, and dI/dV imaging, concentrating on the states above the Fermi level. From
Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130
- . Biomedical applications apply an additional constraint on the diameter of nanotubes. Small-diameter SWCNTs display intrinsic photoluminescence in the spectral range of 900–1100 nm within the biological transparency window, making them ideal candidates for single-molecule biosensors or biomedical imaging
- -resolution imaging of specific tissues [29]. Notably, single-step extraction of carbon nanotubes in an aqueous media without surfactants or organic additives can significantly shorten the path from industrial or laboratory reactors to in vitro and in vivo biomedical research and further. Conclusion We
Utilizing the surface potential of a solid electrolyte region as the potential reference in Kelvin probe force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1558–1563, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.129
- . Keywords: electrochemistry; Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM); reference electrode; solid electrolyte; Introduction Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is a scanning probe technique for imaging surface potentials on the nanometer scale [1][2][3][4]. Its operating principle is based on detecting the
Frequency-dependent nanomechanical profiling for medical diagnosis
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1483–1489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.122
- Santiago D. Solares Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Washington, District of Columbia, USA Section on Mechanobiology, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and
- mechanical sensor into an endoscopy pill, which would save or transmit its mechanical data to a computer for further analysis. Endoscopy capsules for optical imaging of the digestive tract already exist [30]. A schematic for a proposed enhancement to this type of device is shown in Figure 2. In addition to
- optical imaging, the device could be equipped with one or more piezoelectrically excited membranes coupled with a sensing mechanism, such as an AFM cantilever or other type of mechanical sensor (similar stand-alone developments already exist [31][32]). The mechanical response of the membrane could be
Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118
- that received a single intravenous dose of commercial AuNPs still showed high gold concentrations in the liver at day 28 [5]. To reduce tissue retention of AuNPs, ultrasmall gold nanoclusters with renal clearance ability were developed for imaging and sensing [6][7]. Nevertheless, they were not
Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113
- of the samples was observed while the pressure was increased and kept at a certain level. Imaging was continued until all the air disappeared. First, a pressure of 500 mbar was applied corresponding to an immersion depth of about 5.1 m. Then the same procedure was performed with an applied pressure
Growing up in a rough world: scaling of frictional adhesion and morphology of the Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1292–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.107
- Health). Toe pad area was measured from the scansors bearing setae following previous methods [47]. Following toepad area measures, each toe was bisected sagittally and then stored in 100% ethanol for subsequent SEM imaging. The toes were removed from the ethanol and placed into a critical-point drying
- unit to dehydrate the tissue prior to imaging. They were then placed on a double stick conductive carbon tape affixed to a stub and sputter coated with a platinum/palladium coating. Toes were then viewed using a ThermoFisher Scientific Quanta™ 3D 200i SEM in the Central Facility for Advanced Microscopy
Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104
- and disadvantages of the improved probes compared with ordinary probes by comparing the differences in spatial resolution, sensitivity, imaging, and other performance aspects, and finally provides an outlook on the future development of AFM probes. This paper promotes the development of AFM probes in
- disadvantages of the improved probes compared with ordinary probes by comparing the differences in performance in terms of spatial resolution, sensitivity, and imaging, and finally provides an outlook on the future development of AFM probes. Review Metal probe Metal nanocluster probe Metal nanoclusters contain
- minimum radius of curvature of 3 nm with different applied bias pressures. The resulting gold nanowire probes are chemically inert and have a high lateral resolution. Such gold-functionalized tips can be applied to various spectroscopic and imaging techniques with nanoscale resolution, such as tip
A super-oscillatory step-zoom metalens for visible light
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.101
- years, the super-oscillation method based on the fine interference of optical fields has been successfully applied to sub-diffraction focusing and super-resolution imaging. However, most previously reported works only describe static super-oscillatory lenses. Super-oscillatory lenses using phase-change
- tool for label-free super-resolution microscopic imaging and optical precision machining. Keywords: geometric phase; phase-change material; step-zoom lens; super-oscillatory; Introduction Due to the diffraction limit, conventional optical imaging systems are unable to surpass a theoretical resolution
- of 0.5 λ/NA, where λ is the wavelength and NA is the numerical aperture [1]. Super-resolution optical imaging is of significant scientific and application value, which may lead to a revolution in various fields, such as optical microscopy, optical remote sensing, subwavelength lithography, and ultra
A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95
- , but also perform rapid overview scans with the tip kept at larger tip–sample distances for robust imaging. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; atomic resolution; instrumentation design; multimodal operation; ultrahigh vacuum; Introduction Atomic force microscopy (AFM) operated under vacuum or
- frequency of microfabricated cantilevers combined with high-bandwidth cantilever deflection detection permits video-rate scanning [24], real-time peak force detection [25], or a later artificial intelligence processing of the vast amounts of data acquired during imaging [26][27]. Under vacuum conditions
Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93
- fast, low-cost, and convenient cancer imaging applications. The particle size of the CDs was 10.14 nm as calculated by TEM [64]. Zhai et al. compared different synthetic methods to find the most suitable route to obtain fluorescent CDs from the green precursor Setcreasea purpurea boom [66]. The
- waste as carbon and nitrogen source, novel CDs have been prepared using a simple hydrothermal carbonization technique in an ecofriendly approach by Atchudan et al. [79]. Their excitation-dependent fluorescence characteristics have been used successfully as a fluorescent probe in multicolor imaging
- +. The CDs were also found to be appropriate FL probes for imaging human colon cancer (HTC-116) cells. Recently, Lin et al. proposed a unique antimicrobial compound for the preservation of Atlantic mackerel by synthesizing antimicrobial CDs through a hydrothermal synthesis approach using food materials
Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92
- were identified by fluorescence imaging. Cells adhered on nanofibers show a better cell phenotype, and this was corroborated by morphological characterisation via SEM [72] (Figure 6). Misra and colleagues developed chitosan–graphene nanocomposite scaffolds that modify cell–scaffold interactions
- modelling and clinical imaging of the scaffolds will assist in the establishment of its micro- and nanoarchitecture, which will aid in the regulation and activation of the immune system for bone tissue repair and regeneration. Conclusion Chitosan is a naturally occurring biopolymer with appropriate
Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89
- nanostructures. Also, upon increasing the Ag fraction in the sample, the dispersion of the trimetallic assembly considerably increases, which is clearly reflected in Figure S3c–e, Supporting Information File 1. The importance of the rGO support is further evident from the imaging of supportless the ACC-2* sample
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