Evaluating metal-organic precursors for focused ion beam-induced deposition through solid-layer decomposition analysis

• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak,
• Franciszek Krok and
• Iwona B. Szymańska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1942–1951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.135

• -dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX); focused ion beam (FIB); focused ion beam-induced deposition (FIBID); machine learning; scanning electron microscopy (SEM); Introduction A variety of nanomanufacturing techniques, such as optical and electron-beam lithography, nanoimprint lithography, atomic layer

• (SEM EDX) together with machine learning-based hyperspectral data processing, which uses non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to separate the EDX signals of structures from the ones of the substrate. As already shown, this type of analysis greatly enhances the applicability of SEM EDX for the

• becomes the dominant process over structure growth, leading to the erosion of the formed metal-rich deposits. This threshold provides insight into the precursor’s resistance to ion bombardment and is crucial for assessing its stability and reactivity under processing conditions. (4) Collecting SEM EDX

Photocatalytic degradation of ofloxacin in water assisted by TiO₂ nanowires on carbon cloth: contributions of H₂O₂ addition and substrate absorbability

• Iram Hussain,
• Lisha Zhang,
• Zhizhen Ye and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1567–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.111

• (HRTEM) conducted with a JEM-2100 microscope (Jeol, Tokyo, Japan). Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental mapping was performed using the FESEM system to examine the distribution of Ti and O on the carbon cloth substrate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were conducted using a SmartLab

• , forming a net-like architecture. After reacting in the Ti–H2O2 aqueous system at 80 °C for 24 h, the synthesized nanowire layer reaches an approximate thickness of 1.5 μm, covering the substrate homogeneously. Additionally, EDX mapping analysis (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2) confirms that Ti

Dendrimer-modified carbon nanotubes for the removal and recovery of heavy metal ions from water

• Thao Quynh Ngan Tran,
• Huu Trung Nguyen,
• Subodh Kumar and
• Xuan Thang Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1522–1532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.107

• spectroscopy was specifically used to confirm the Diels–Alder reaction on the surface of CNTs, and other characterization techniques (SEM, EDX, XRD, TGA, and FTIR) were applied to confirm the successive growth of the dendrimers. Highly dendrimerized CNTs were found to be more effective in removing heavy metal

• , elemental composition of the bare CNTs and their functionalized derivatives have been revealed by the EDX spectroscopic analysis (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). Pristine CNTs were found to have 97.79% carbon and 2.21% oxygen reflecting the primarily carbon-based structure with minimal oxygen

• thoroughly characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRD, EDX, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy to confirm the successful functionalization and structural integrity of the materials. The applicability of these dendrimerized CNTs materials for the adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ metal ions from aqueous media was thoroughly

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• homogeneity, granular nature, and adhered well to the substrate. With just 50 μL of the solution of each sample spin-coated onto the substrate and dried afterwards, a uniform coating was obtained and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) also revealed compositional uniformity of Au and Ag throughout the

Crystalline and amorphous structure selectivity of ignoble high-entropy alloy nanoparticles during laser ablation in organic liquids is set by pulse duration

• Robert Stuckert,
• Felix Pohl,
• Oleg Prymak,
• Ulrich Schürmann,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Lorenz Kienle and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1141–1159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.84

• solution; EELS; electron energy loss spectroscopy; laser processing in liquids; multicomponent alloy; STEM-EDX; selected area electron diffraction; X-ray diffraction; Introduction High-entropy alloys (HEAs), also referred to as compositionally complex solid solutions (CCSS) [1], are of great interest in

• . Nanoparticle characterization is done by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (STEM-EDX), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), complemented by tempering and laser post

• determined by STEM-EDX and were similar for both laser pulse durations, namely Cr22Mn17Fe21Co20Ni20 for colloids made by ps-LAL and Cr21Mn21Fe20Co19Ni19 for colloids fabricated by ns-LAL (global values determined via STEM-EDX displayed in Supporting Information File 1, Table S1 and Table S2). These values

Synthesis of biowaste-derived carbon-dot-mediated silver nanoparticles and the evaluation of electrochemical properties for supercapacitor electrodes

• Navya Kumari Tenkayala,
• Chandan Kumar Maity,
• Md Moniruzzaman and
• Subramani Devaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 933–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.71

• File 1, Figure S2b depicts the EDX mapping of PG-CDs-AgNPs, which proves the existence of Ag, C, and O in PG-CDs-AgNPs, and the atomic weight percentage (%) of the corresponding elements are given in the inset table (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2b). The elemental mapping analysis for the PG

• Information Supporting Information File 2: Experimental procedures including materials details and characterizations; Schematic representation; BET isotherm and pore size distribution plot; SEM, EDX, and elemental mapping of PG-CDs-AgNPs; ASC device fabrication method; Table for the comparison of cyclic

Structural and magnetic properties of microwave-synthesized reduced graphene oxide/VO₂/Fe₂O₃ nanocomposite

• Sumanta Sahoo,
• Ankur Sood and
• Sung Soo Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 921–932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.70

• demonstrating improved magnetic characteristics due to alterations in the electronic structure. To further comprehend the elemental composition of GVF, the elemental analysis was also performed, and the corresponding elemental distribution and EDX spectrum are shown in Figure 5a,b. The SEM image displays a wide

• -range distribution of metal oxide components on the graphene surface. Furthermore, the corresponding elemental mapping demonstrates a uniform distribution of C, O, V, and Fe elements, which could be accounted for the presence of VO2 and iron oxide phases. Additionally, the EDX spectrum also confirms the

• , such spherical particles of the metal oxides are also deposited on the edges of the graphene sheets (Figure 6d). The corresponding elemental mapping further demonstrates the presence of elements such as V, O, and C in the GV (Figure 6e–h). Additionally, the EDX spectrum also confirms the presence of

Heat-induced transformation of nickel-coated polycrystalline diamond film studied in situ by XPS and NEXAFS

• Olga V. Sedelnikova,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy,
• Yuri N. Palyanov,
• Elena V. Shlyakhova,
• Eugene A. Maksimovskiy,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva and
• Aleksandr V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 887–898, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.67

• . Element mapping analysis based on energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy revealed a uniform distribution of nickel particles in the top layers of all diamond faces after annealing (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4). The low resolution of the EDX instrument used did not allow the detection of

• subtraction of a Shirley’s background. The morphology of the clean and Ni-coated PCD film after annealing in high vacuum at 1100 °C was studied using SEM with a JEOL 6700F microscope (accelerating voltage of 5 kV, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). EDX spectroscopy analysis was carried out on a Bruker XFlash 6

Synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of sodium adsorption on vertically arranged MoS₂ layers coated with pyrolytic carbon

• Alexander V. Okotrub,
• Anastasiya D. Fedorenko,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Veronica S. Sulyaeva,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva and
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 847–859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.64

• surface correspond to Pt nanoparticles, the presence of which is confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). These nanoparticles have a uniform size and are densely distributed on the sample surface, in contrast to the polysulfide particles of

• were measured at 830 eV. Scheme of the sodium deposition on PyC, MoS2, and PyC-MoS2 films and subsequent vacuum annealing. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 46: EDX spectroscopy study of Pt layers protecting MoS2 surface, XPS survey spectra of the studied samples, and XPS Na 2s

Facile one-step radio frequency magnetron sputtering of Ni/NiO on stainless steel for an efficient electrode for hydrogen evolution reaction

• Ha Huu Do,
• Khac Binh Nguyen,
• Phuong N. Nguyen and
• Hoai Phuong Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 837–846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.63

• is increased, determined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), as shown in Table 1. Ni/NiO/SS-5 displayed the lowest O content (4.69 wt %). In contrast, Ni/NiO/SS-20 showed the highest O content (22.69 wt %), attributed to the highest O2 flow rate in the sputtering process. Ni/NiO/SS-10

• ) mode, whereas the peak at 1052 cm−1 is attributed to the 2PLO mode of the Ni–O bonds. These peaks indicate the existence of Ni defects in the Ni/NiO/SS-10 sample, which is favorable for electrocatalytic applications [36][37][38]. Additionally, Figure 4 depicts EDX analysis and proves the uniform

• content increased in the order of Ni/NiO/SS-5 < Ni/NiO/SS-10 < Ni/NiO/SS-15 < Ni/NiO/SS-20, confirmed by EDX analysis. Overall, the material obtained at 10 sccm O2 flow rate has the most suitable O/Ni ratio among the four materials and thus exhibited the best HER efficiency [18]. Electrochemical impedance

Synthesis and magnetic transitions of rare-earth-free Fe–Mn–Ni–Si-based compositionally complex alloys at bulk and nanoscale

• Shabbir Tahir,
• Tatiana Smoliarova,
• Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
• Michael Farle,
• Natalia Shkodich and
• Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 823–836, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.62

• ground, polished, and analyzed by SEM (JEOL JSM-7600 F, Japan). The chemical composition was determined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) with an Oxford Inca spectrometer. The crystal structure of bulk CCAs was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a DRON-4–07 diffractometer with

• microscopy (TEM) and EDX with a Jeol 2200FS microscope (Japan) equipped with an Oxford X-MaxN TLE 80 EDX detector (UK). The microscope was operated at an acceleration voltage of 200 kV and utilized a 2k × 2k GATAN UltraScan 1000XP CCD camera. For TEM analysis, the colloidal particles were dispersed onto a

• diffractograms. EDX data was processed using AZtec software. Results and Discussion Microstructural characterization of bulk CCAs The SEM images and EDX elemental maps of the polished surface of the Ge-based CCA (Figure 2a) revealed a homogeneous microstructure, with no significant elemental segregation on the

Synthesis of a multicomponent cellulose-based adsorbent for tetracycline removal from aquaculture water

• Uyen Bao Tran,
• Ngoc Thanh Vo-Tran,
• Khai The Truong,
• Dat Anh Nguyen,
• Quang Nhat Tran,
• Huu-Quang Nguyen,
• Jaebeom Lee and
• Hai Son Truong-Lam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 728–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.56

• concentration of 60 mg·L–1 at pH 6–7, reaching equilibrium after 12 h. The surface characteristics and structural properties of PGC were determined using various material characterization techniques, including FTIR, SEM, EDX, and BET. Verification experiments under optimal conditions confirmed that the

• aligns with the subsequent EDX results. The FTIR spectrum (Figure 2g) of commercial CMC displays distinct adsorption bands at 3219, 2875, 1424, 1325, 1053, 1029 and 893 cm−1. The broad band from 3219 to 3406 cm−1 corresponds to O‒H stretching vibrations, reflecting the abundance of hydroxy and carboxyl

• involvement of Zn2+ in dissolving CMC. The sharp peak at 568 cm−1 corresponds to a Ca‒O bond [25]. EDX EDX analysis revealed the elemental composition of the PGC material, as detailed in Figure 3a,b. Notably, the detection of elements, particularly Zn, in PGC confirms the role of Zn2+ ions in cellulose

Electron beam-based direct writing of nanostructures using a palladium β-ketoesterate complex

• Chinmai Sai Jureddy,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Patrik Hoffmann and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 530–539, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.41

• effective dwell time with a 600 nm FWHM of the electron beam), and 2000 cycles. For deposit morphology observation, a high-resolution Hitachi S4800 FESEM was used. The chemical composition of the deposits was confirmed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) using a silicon drift detector from

• Oxford Instruments. EDX was performed with 6 keV electron beam at 500 pA, and the signals were collected for 60 s. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements were conducted on an NT-MDT NTEGRA Spectra system, and data was analyzed using Gwyddion and Origin software. To accurately obtain the composition

• intensity of a particular element of the sample under study to a tabulated standard for the same element) from EDX quantification software as input (in our case, Oxford Aztec), which were generated assuming isotropy (i.e., even distribution of all measured elements in the electron excitation volume). Using

Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

• Madeleine K. Wilsey,
• Teona Taseska,
• Qishen Lyu,
• Connor P. Cox and
• Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

• of the pulsed laser-grafted gold nanoparticle–carbon fiber paper composites (Figure 6B). Further, we did not observe any gold loss with respect to carbon in EDX data before and after 2 h of electrocatalysis (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5). GC data show that pulsed laser-grafted cathodes

• scanning electron microscope with a Schottky field-emission emitter was operated at 20.00 kV with a working distance of 4.9 mm. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy data were collected using an SEM-integrated EDAX Octane elect plus spectrometer with a with silicon drift detector. Double sided carbon

• hydrophilic carbon fiber paper (A) and pulsed laser-grafted gold nanoparticle–carbon fiber paper composites (B) with EDX maps showing carbon and gold. Schematic of the processes during pulsed laser in liquid grafting. The illustration of the laser beam in Figure 3 was adapted from [1] (© 2021 R. C. Forsythe

Synthesis and the impact of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the viability and activity of rhizobacteria

• Bedah Rupaedah,
• Indrika Novella,
• Atiek Rostika Noviyanti,
• Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy,
• Anna Safarrida,
• Abdul Hapid,
• Zhafira Amila Haqqa,
• Suryana Suryana,
• Irwan Kurnia and
• Fathiyah Inayatirrahmi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 216–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.17

• of rhizobacteria on the nHA carrier after 28 days of incubation. SEM images of rhizobacteria loaded onto nHA. (a) nHA-Pd at 30,000× magnification, (b) nHA-Tb at 30,000× magnification, (c) nHA-Pd at 50,000× magnification, and (d) nHA-Tb at 50,000× magnification. EDX images of rhizobacteria loaded onto

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

• MOF-based MMM system that perturb the crystallinity in the membrane will be discernable through XRD [121][129]. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are commonly used to supplement the chemical analysis of MOF-based MMMs [113][137][143]. EDX can

TiO₂ immobilized on 2D mordenite: effect of hydrolysis conditions on structural, textural, and optical characteristics of the nanocomposites

• Marina G. Shelyapina,
• Rosario Isidro Yocupicio-Gaxiola,
• Gleb A. Valkovsky and
• Vitalii Petranovskii

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 128–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.12

• complementary characterization techniques, including XRD, SEM-EDX, TGA, N2 sorption, NMR, XPS and UV–vis spectrometry. It was observed that treatment in 70% ethanol solution preserves the ordered layered structure of 2D mordenite because TEOT hydrolysis is slowed down. This, in turn, leads to higher

• ) samples are labeled as Ti-WNh-C and Ti-ENh-C with N = 6, 12, and 24 for materials hydrolyzed in water (W) and 70% ethanol solution (E) for 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively. The non-calcined samples are designated as Ti-WNh and Ti-ENh. XRD, 27Al NMR, and SEM-EDX studies Figure 1a and Figure 1b show small

• and TEOT, studied in our previous work [5], for which even after hydrolysis for 12 h in water the long-range order of the lamellae was preserved. The results of the elemental analysis using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the parent lamellar sample and TiO2

Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GP258

• Prashantkumar Siddappa Chakra,
• Aishwarya Banakar,
• Shriram Narayan Puranik,
• Vishwas Kaveeshwar,
• C. R. Ravikumar and
• Devaraja Gayathri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 78–89, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.8

• nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), utilizing lactic acid bacteria isolated from curd as the key biological agent. Bacteria function as agents for both reduction and capping processes, which aids the synthesis of ZnO NPs. Various characterization techniques including XRD, FTIR, UV–vis, TEM, SEM-EDX, and zeta potential

• ZnO NPs confirms the XRD results, that is, the hexagonal wurtzite structure (Figure 3). SEM and EDX analysis SEM was used to analyze the surface morphology of a modified nanocomposite film, and the image displays a consistent coverage of a web-like structure. Close-up views revealed a crumpled and

• wrinkled pattern, and it was found that the NPs average size was 72 nm. The presence of ZnO NPs on the surface was confirmed through EDX, which showed characteristic elemental peaks validating the composition (Figure 4a–d). Zeta potential The ZnO NPs synthesized using GP258 showed good stability as

Bioinspired nanofilament coatings for scale reduction on steel

• Siad Dahir Ali,
• Mette Heidemann Rasmussen,
• Jacopo Catalano,
• Christian Husum Frederiksen and
• Tobias Weidner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 25–34, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.3

• expected for SNF coating are clearly visible from a coated steel surface. Figure 3B and Figure 3C show the images of the measured angle of the coated and uncoated steel surfaces. The related atomic composition of the coating was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) for both coated steel

• in Figure 4A shows no damage of ablation of the structure. This is also supported by the EDX analysis, which shows that the composition is not changed within the error margins as the amount of oxygen and silicone remains constant in Figure 4B. The water contact angle (Figure 4C) is reduced a bit from

• sample shows significant scaling, small amounts of deposits are visible by the naked eye on the SNF-coated sample. This is also visible in the SEM images shown in Figure 6B. An EDX analysis of the scale clearly shows that the grown deposits mainly consist of calcium carbonate (Figure 6C). For a

Orientation-dependent photonic bandgaps in gold-dust weevil scales and their titania bioreplicates

• Norma Salvadores Farran,
• Limin Wang,
• Primoz Pirih and
• Bodo D. Wilts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.1

• in-lens secondary electron detector at 5 kV acceleration voltage. These samples were coated with gold using a Cressington 208 HR sputter coater. Elemental analysis was performed with 8 kV acceleration voltage, using an EDX detector attached to the Zeiss SEM (X-Max silicon drift energy-dispersive

Fabrication of hafnium-based nanoparticles and nanostructures using picosecond laser ablation

• Abhishek Das,
• Mangababu Akkanaboina,
• Jagannath Rathod,
• R. Sai Prasad Goud,
• Kanaka Ravi Kumar,
• Raghu C. Reddy,
• Ratheesh Ravendran,
• Katia Vutova,
• S. V. S. Nageswara Rao and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1639–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.129

• -dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX, Figure 1b). Distilled water with a resistivity of more than 18 MΩ·cm was obtained from a Millipore system. Toluene and anisole (spectroscopic grade) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received. Synthesis of nanoparticles and nanostructures A linearly polarised

• morphology was analysed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM); the composition was determined by EDX attached to the FESEM (Carl Zeiss Smart SEM ULTRA 55). Reflectivity was investigated using a UV–vis–NIR spectrometer (PerkinElmer Lambda 750). For photoluminescence (PL) measurements, a

• carbides. For a given Hf target (regarding purity and surface roughness), the ablation products depend critically on the surrounding liquid, input pulse duration, input pulse energy, and the number of pulses incident on the sample. Figure 7 illustrates the EDX data for the particles synthesised in DW

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• , and Raman spectroscopy, as well as EDX and XRD revealed controlled aggregation, successful capping, and crystalline growth of the ʟ-car-AgNPs. The ʟ-car-AgNPs exhibited promising sensing capabilities with limits of detection of 141.79 ppb (1.2 μM) for Cd2+, 131.33 ppb (0.63 μM) for Pb2+, 215.35 ppb

• the diffraction pattern of ʟ-car-AgNPs were assessed using FTIR, Raman, EDX, and XRD, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4a shows the FTIR analysis of pure ʟ-carnosine and its interaction with the silver nanoparticles in ʟ-car-AgNPs. In the case of pure ʟ-carnosine, a characteristic NH2 asymmetric

• the experimental results well. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy confirm the successful capping of silver nanoparticles with ʟ-carnosine. The presence of Ag in ʟ-carnosine-capped AgNPs was also assessed using SEM-EDX. Figure 4d and Figure 4e confirm that Ag is present in ʟ-car-AgNP1 and ʟ-car-AgNP2

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

• Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
• Tien Dat Doan,
• Huy Hieu Luu,
• Hoang Anh Nguyen,
• Thi Thu Ha Vu,
• Quang Hai Tran,
• Ha Tran Nguyen,
• Thanh Binh Dang,
• Thi Hai Yen Pham and
• Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

• the electrode blend, SEM and EDX mapping were used to investigate the distribution of CuBTC and FeBTC on the electrode surface (Figure 4). Figure 4a clearly shows the scattering of bright CuBTC and FeBTC particles on the graphite flakes. Figure 4b confirms the homogenous distribution of Fe, Cu, and O

• -ray spectroscopy (EDX, Horiba 7593-H, England), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Thermo VG Multilab 2000). Synthesis of CuBTC, FeBTC MOFs CuBTC and FeBTC were synthesized using the solvothermal method as described in our previous reports [37][38]. Specifically, 12 mmol of trimesic acid was

• ) and EDX maps of (Cu)(Fe)BTC@CPE (b). Nyquist plots of the modified electrodes in 0.1 M KCl solution containing 5 mM [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−. (a) Cyclic voltammograms of (Cu)(Fe)BTC@CPE and CPE electrodes in a 200 µM ENR solution in PBS at scan rate of 0.1 V/s The green line shows a voltammogram measured in ENR

Ion-induced surface reactions and deposition from Pt(CO)₂Cl₂ and Pt(CO)₂Br₂

• Mohammed K. Abdel-Rahman,
• Patrick M. Eckhert,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Johnathon M. Johnson,
• Jo-Chi Yu,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1427–1439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.115

• deposits formed under UHV conditions contained 58% Cl and 37% Pt with no detectable C or O signatures in EDX [55][57]. The AES and XPS data shown in Figure 6 as well as Figure S4 and Figure S5 (Supporting Information File 1) support the conclusions of the UHV studies, specifically that Pt(CO)2X2 can be

Various CVD-grown ZnO nanostructures for nanodevices and interdisciplinary applications

• The-Long Phan,
• Le Viet Cuong,
• Vu Dinh Lam and
• Ngoc Toan Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1390–1399, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.112

• down to collect white products formed on Si substrates. They were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, JEOL-6330F) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Renishaw’s RS and PL spectrometers operating with laser wavelengths of 488 and 325 nm were also employed to study phonon

• substrates. The analysis of their EDX spectra in the energy range of E = 0–20 keV shows the presence of Zn and O only, as representatively shown in Figure 1. It means that ZnO crystals were formed, and no impurity was generated during the material fabrication. Recorded SEM images indicate the products grown

• nanodevices. They also have potential applications in biological, biomedical, and environmental fields. A representative EDX spectrum recorded from ZnO nanorods showing the presence of Zn and O in the product. SEM micrographs of some nanostructures: (a, b) rods (R1 and R2), (c) matches or drumsticks (M), (d