Hybridization vs decoupling: influence of an h-BN interlayer on the physical properties of a lander-type molecule on Ni(111)

• Maximilian Schaal,
• Takumi Aihara,
• Marco Gruenewald,
• Felix Otto,
• Jari Domke,
• Roman Forker,
• Hiroyuki Yoshida and
• Torsten Fritz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1168–1177, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.101

• charge transfer [1][2]. Some applications, however, require to preserve the intrinsic properties of the molecules such as the typically rather narrow optical absorption and/or emission bands. To achieve this, one needs to electronically decouple the molecules from the substrate, which can be achieved

• of both DBP layers on h-BN/Ni(111). The numerical algorithm is described in [28]. In the following, we will focus on the imaginary part of the dielectric function (ε'') only, which is depicted in Figure 2, as this physical quantity is indicative of the optical absorption. The comparison between DBP

• determined by the maximum of the absorption peak of the S0→S1 transition (marked as black dashed lines in Figure 2). Therefore, we obtained values of 2.020(5) and 2.035(5) eV for DBP deposited at substrate temperatures of 25 °C and 170 °C, respectively. The determination of the optical constants of DBP on

Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of rubrene on clean and graphene-covered metal surfaces

• Karl Rothe,
• Alexander Mehler,
• Nicolas Néel and
• Jörg Kröger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1157–1167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.100

• near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy [15]. The observed chirality, R-C42H28 and L-C42H28, therefore results from the left or right pair of phenyl groups of a twisted C42H28 molecule being closer to the surface. On Au(111) the formation of homochiral clusters led to remarkable

Photothermally active nanoparticles as a promising tool for eliminating bacteria and biofilms

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Laura D’Alfonso,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1134–1146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.98

• have advantages over other NPs, such as controlled and sustained release, enhanced solubility and biocompatibility [30][31][32]. Within the wide variety of existing nanomaterials with antibacterial properties, photothermally active nanoparticles, with absorption in the visible–near-infrared (NIR

• nanomaterial used, for example, aqueous solutions, self-assembled monolayers or polymeric nanocomposites [33]. In the case of plasmonic nanoparticles, the plasmonic properties (i.e., the maximum position of the absorption band and the band shape) are strongly affected by the conditions under which the

• gold nanoparticle aggregation was implemented [54]. According to this strategy, the spherical nanoparticles, with a typical localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption at 520 nm, aggregated in situ at the surface of the bacterial membrane. The gold nanoparticle aggregation induced a change in

Thermophoretic tweezers for single nanoparticle manipulation

• Jošt Stergar and
• Natan Osterman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1126–1133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.97

• desired single-molecule chemistry and the chemistry of the molecules at the surface. This could be easily mitigated by the use of laser wavelengths with high absorption in water, such as 1.45 or 1.94 μm. Thus, the Cr layer would not be needed anymore, and the vertical thermal gradient would be much

• smaller than the lateral one required for trapping. Conclusion We have presented a way to trap and steer nanoparticles under biological conditions using thermophoretic tweezers. A high thermal gradient, generated by the absorption of a focused laser beam, results in a thermophoretic force, typically

Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO₂ nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties

• Mohammad Jaber,
• Asim Mushtaq,
• Kebiao Zhang,
• Jindan Wu,
• Dandan Luo,
• Zihan Yi,
• M. Zubair Iqbal and
• Xiangdong Kong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96

• spectroscopy (FTIR, Nicolet IS50) was used to measure the infrared spectra. To detect the absorption profile of the prepared samples, the UV–vis spectroscopy technique was used. In vitro cytotoxicity The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). Human colon

• compounds. The sample without Ag was identified as pure TiO2 nanospheres (Figure 2a). Figure 3a shows the FTIR spectrum of pure TiO2 NPs in comparison with the Ag–TiO2 nanocomposites at different Ag concentrations. The central absorption peak of pure TiO2 NPs and Ag–TiO2 nanocomposites at 3475.2, 3469.1

• bonds [9]. The UV spectra of the Ag–TiO2 nanocomposite and pure TiO2 NPs shows the optical properties of these materials (Figure 3b). The absorption wavelength corresponding to pure TiO2 and Ag–TiO2 nanocomposites was ≈300 nm and this value was in accordance with the reported literature [7]. The

Straightforward synthesis of gold nanoparticles by adding water to an engineered small dendrimer

• Sébastien Gottis,
• Régis Laurent,
• Vincent Collière and
• Anne-Marie Caminade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1110–1118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.95

• the absorption maximum toward the red wavelength region, suggesting that the approximate diameter of the gold nanoparticles should be smaller than 50 nm. Characterization of gold nanoparticles by transmission electron microscopy To confirm the spontaneous formation of the gold NPs, transmission

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• -patient absorption and response. This review addresses potential applications of SPIONs in vitro (formulations), ex vivo (in biological cells and tissues) and in vivo (preclinical animal models), as well as potential biomedical applications in the context of drug targeting, disease treatment and

• hydrophobic surfaces that induce aggregation and/or the formation of large clusters. When in contact with biological structures, this mechanism provokes capillary clotting and reduces tissue and cellular absorption. To prevent this, nanoparticles are coated with stabilizers, which are added during preparation

• a high surface absorption rate, which means that a small amount of particles releases a large amount of heat in a short magnetization time window. It is not yet established if size is the decisive factor in hyperthermia treatment, as different authors offer contradictory reports [141]. Our studies

Plant growth regulation by seed coating with films of alginate and auxin-intercalated layered double hydroxides

• Vander A. de Castro,
• Valber G. O. Duarte,
• Danúbia A. C. Nobre,
• Geraldo H. Silva,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Frederico G. Pinto,
• Willian R. Macedo and
• Jairo Tronto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1082–1091, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.93

• mass and the fragments with m/z 18 and m/z 44 (water and carbon dioxide, respectively) are attributed to dehydroxylation and the thermal decomposition of the NAA anion. Considering the hydration water amount (9.6%), the NAA content in ZnAl-NAA-LDH determined by electronic absorption spectrophotometry

• experiment, respectively. In the seeds encapsulated with the M4 film, the maximum germination value and stability were reached after a longer period of time (14 days). This is related to the impeded water absorption by the seed due to the coating, which did not occur in the control. The coating of the seeds

• forms a barrier that decreases the absorption of H2O and the passage of O2. Consequently, the activation of enzymes, the respiration of the plant cells, and the cell duplication slow down. These factors delay the embryonic development of the plant and, subsequently, the quantity and speed of the

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• visible light, and also should have a high absorption coefficient at a wavelength that penetrates cellular tissue [4]. In the visible electromagnetic spectrum, red light has the largest depth penetration into biological tissue [6][7]. Among different photosensitizers, porphyrins are heterocyclic molecules

• concentration of Ce6 in the FLG-Ce6 hybrid was calculated using UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. Ce6 presents an intense absorption band at 407 nm, corresponding to the Soret band. A Ce6 calibration curve at this wavelength is then produced. Then, in order to obtain a correct approximation of the real

• concentration of Ce6 in FLG-Ce6, the absorption of FLG at 407 nm, under the same experimental conditions, is subtracted from the absorption obtained from the solution of FLG-Ce6 and finally matched with the calibration curve of Ce6. Figure 1a shows transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of FLG-Ce6

Excitonic and electronic transitions in Me–Sb₂Se₃ structures

• Nicolae N. Syrbu,
• Victor V. Zalamai,
• Ivan G. Stamov and
• Stepan I. Beril

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1045–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.89

• triselenide; band structure; excitons; optical spectroscopy; reflection and absorption spectra; Introduction Antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) is an inorganic semiconductor compound with interesting photoelectric properties. This material has a high absorption coefficient (≈105 cm−1) in the region of maximum solar

• energy radiation [1][2] which is corroborated by a 6.5% rapid increase in solar cell efficiency when Sb2Se3 is present [3][4][5]. Interestingly, this high absorption coefficient is 103 times higher than the absorption in silicon [5][6][7] and encompasses a wide portion of the spectrum ranging from 1.0 eV

• the Brillouin zone space are also ambiguous [6][8][10][19][20]. The crystalline properties of Sb2Sе3, such as optical absorption, reflection, and photoconductivity, were studied in this work. In order to determine the bandgap, the nature of electronic transitions, among other properties, the

A new photodetector structure based on graphene nanomeshes: an ab initio study

• Babak Sakkaki,
• Hassan Rasooli Saghai,
• Ghafar Darvish and
• Mehdi Khatir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1036–1044, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.88

• GNMs have both metallic and semiconducting properties depending on the arrangements of perforations. Also, absorption spectrum analysis indicates attractive infrared peaks for GNMs with semiconducting characteristics, making them better photodetectors than graphene nanoribbon (GNR)-based alternatives

• makes it suitable for optical devices. Keywords: absorption spectra; DFT calculations; graphene nanomesh; graphene nanoribbon; photodetectors; Introduction Graphene monolayers with honeycomb crystal structure have unique electrical and optical properties and have received a lot of attention recently

• applications possible. Saturable absorption, as a consequence of Pauli blocking and non-equilibrium carriers, results in hot luminescence that cannot be attained in conventional semiconductors. Hence, these properties make it an ideal photonic and optoelectronic material [1][2][3][4]. Photodetectors are a key

Highly sensitive detection of estradiol by a SERS sensor based on TiO₂ covered with gold nanoparticles

• Andrea Brognara,
• Ili F. Mohamad Ali Nasri,
• Beatrice R. Bricchi,
• Andrea Li Bassi,
• Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay,
• Matteo Ghidelli and
• Nathalie Lidgi-Guigui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1026–1035, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.87

• observed for large quantities of Au and the transmittance was influenced by the growth conditions and the thermal treatment. For example, in the case of 6 nm of Au the wavelength at which maximum absorption occurs changed after annealing from about 620 to 560 nm (Table 2). These trends were outlined also

• in works by Dorono-Mor et al. [33] and Karakouz and co-workers [34]. More specifically, the as-deposited TiO2/Au samples displayed a very broad absorption, especially for greater amounts of evaporated Au, when an almost continuous Au layer was formed. However, after annealing the absorption peak

• became sharper and blue-shifted, which can be attributed to the formation of Au NPs. In the annealed samples the LSP resonance (LSPR) red-shifted as a function of the Au NP size, i.e., the wavelength for maximum absorption varied from 549 nm (for the 12 Pa sample with 3 nm of Au) up to a maximum value of

Uniform Fe₃O₄/Gd₂O₃-DHCA nanocubes for dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging

• Miao Qin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Mengjie Xu,
• Hui Yan,
• Yizhu Cheng,
• Xiumei Zhang,
• Di Huang,
• Weiyi Chen and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1000–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.84

• absorption peaks. On the one hand, the FGOA nanocubes have characteristic absorption peaks at 2937 and 2857 cm−1, corresponding to the stretching vibration of –CH3 and –CH2, respectively, which are both present in oleic acid. On the other hand, the FGDA nanocubes have the characteristic absorption peak at

Effect of magnetic field, heat generation and absorption on nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet

• Santoshi Misra and
• Govardhan Kamatam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 976–990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.82

• the influence of varied dimensionless parameters has been the focus of research in contemporary times. This work models the effect of magnetic field, heat generation and absorption parameter in a steady, laminar, two-dimensional boundary layer flow of a nanofluid over a permeable stretching sheet at a

• –corrector method is employed to solve the equations. The impact of the dimensionless parameters, including the Brownian motion, thermophoresis, magnetic field, heat generation and absorption parameters, on the velocity, temperature and nanoparticle concentration of fluid flow are analysed systematically

• . Keywords: Brownian motion; heat generation and absorption; magnetic field; nanofluid; thermophoresis; Introduction The study of magnetohydrodynamic problems, such as nanofluid flow over a permeable stretching sheet, has recently become relevant due to potential applications in various fields of science

Microwave photon detection by an Al Josephson junction

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Anton A. Yablokov,
• Igor V. Rakut,
• Victor O. Zbrozhek and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 960–965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.80

• through the JJ is observed, which resembles the differentiation between N and N + 1 photon absorption. Keywords: aluminium; Josephson junction; microwaves; phase diffusion; photon counter; switching current distribution; Introduction Currently, an important problem is the creation of single-photon

• switching events of a biased Josephson junction resulting from a single absorption. In contrast to the previous approach, this one requires less downtime of the detector, determined by the biasing time to the desired current only. However, the operation in this mode does not provide information on the

• than the switching time after the photon absorption (typically less than nanoseconds). In [4] it was shown theoretically that both the required sensitivity and the noise immunity can be reached at the same time in JJ with a suppressed critical current. Besides that, the mesoscopic junctions with low

A 3D-polyphenylalanine network inside porous alumina: Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic–organic composite membrane

• Jonathan Stott and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.78

• synthesized in pure THF and pure DCM. The initiation in solution was performed using 1 mol % of n-butylamine with respect to pPA-NCA (100 mM). The MIR spectra of polyphenylalanine synthesized in pure THF and pure DCM show a broad amide I band in the region between 1700 and 1600 cm−1. The absorption maxima at

Band tail state related photoluminescence and photoresponse of ZnMgO solid solution nanostructured films

• Vadim Morari,
• Aida Pantazi,
• Nicolai Curmei,
• Vitalie Postolache,
• Emil V. Rusu,
• Marius Enachescu,
• Ion M. Tiginyanu and
• Veaceslav V. Ursaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 899–910, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.75

• unavoidable in the structure transformation process, in a certain interval of Mg concentrations. The phase segregation process was investigated in detail by means of X-ray diffraction, element-specific near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force

• optical absorption (OA) spectroscopy investigations in w-ZnMgO films produced by RF-MBE in the composition range x = 0.00–0.37 [36] and x = 0.27–0.55 [10], respectively. The observed Stokes shifts were indicative of the presence of band tail states introduced by alloying, while the “S-shaped” temperature

• fluctuations. The observed PL band also cannot be attributed to low concentration impurities or intrinsic defects since the PL bands related to such impurities in the region of the absorption edge are narrow (they are due to either free-to-bound transitions or donor-acceptor transitions) [41]. Wider PL bands

Key for crossing the BBB with nanoparticles: the rational design

• Sonia M. Lombardo,
• Marc Schneider,
• Akif E. Türeli and
• Nazende Günday Türeli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 866–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.72

• , which allows them to strongly absorb light in the infrared region [177][178]. The advantage of AuNRs over AuNPs is that their aspect ratio (length divided by width) allows for the adjustment of the absorption wavelength in the near infrared (NIR) region (650–1350 nm), thus exploiting the so-called

• optical window. Light in this wavelength range can penetrate more deeply into the human body thanks to the low absorption by tissue and blood, making these nanoparticles interesting for theranostic treatments [177][179][180]. By excitation of surface plasmon oscillations, local heating can be generated

Templating effect of single-layer graphene supported by an insulating substrate on the molecular orientation of lead phthalocyanine

• K. Priya Madhuri,
• Abhay A. Sagade,
• Pralay K. Santra and
• Neena S. John

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 814–820, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.66

• –molecule interactions [1][2][3][4]. Nonplanar MPcs, such as lead phthalocyanine (PbPc), are particularly interesting in the field of photovoltaics due to their extraordinary near-infrared (NIR) absorption. The chemical structure of a PbPc molecule is given in Figure 1. The well-known polymorphs of

• crystalline nonplanar MPcs are monoclinic and triclinic forms [5]. In thin films of MPcs, the molecules may attain face-on or edge-on orientations with respect to the substrate plane while forming the above crystal phases. The monoclinic fractions are known to have strong absorption in the visible range while

• the triclinic polymorph exhibits intense NIR absorption bands [3][6]. The formation of specific crystalline phases of nonplanar MPc molecules has been largely explored by introducing various substrate modifications or templating layers including 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS), MoO3

A set of empirical equations describing the observed colours of metal–anodic aluminium oxide–Al nanostructures

• Cristina V. Manzano,
• Jakob J. Schwiedrzik,
• Gerhard Bürki,
• Laszlo Pethö,
• Johann Michler and
• Laetitia Philippe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 798–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.64

• morphological parameters of AAO films and the deposited metal layer [13][14]. One work put forward an equation to determine the thickness of the AAO layer, which exhibits strong absorption of a given wavelength [13]. The other work proposed an empirical equation, also based on wavelengths, that enables the

Light–matter interactions in two-dimensional layered WSe₂ for gauging evolution of phonon dynamics

• Avra S. Bandyopadhyay,
• Chandan Biswas and
• Anupama B. Kaul

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 782–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.63

• process can be assumed to be comprised of: the absorption of a photon, the emission of a photon, and the creation of an optical phonon which then decays anharmonically into two phonons, three phonons, etc. The production of two and three phonons is known as a three-phonon and four-phonon process

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• immobilized on the CTFs via the decomposition of the metal precursor in the IL (Scheme 1). The composites were designated Ni/CTF-1-400-X and Ni/CTF-1-600-X, where X represents the weight percentage of nickel in the composite material based on flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Nickel loadings of 20

• atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) for the determination of the metal content was conducted with a Vario 6 from Analytic Jena. For AAS the sample was treated with aqua regia. Ion chromatography (IC) measurements were performed with a Dionex ICS 1100 instrument with an IonPac AS 22column, combined with

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• means, such as optical reflectance and absorption, electron energy loss spectroscopy, X-ray absorption, emission, and inelastic scattering. Regarding luminescence studies, PL is the light emission, i.e., the electromagnetic radiation from matter after the absorption of photons. It is originated by

• values of the excited state and ground state. ZPL lines have distinct peaks in the experimental PL spectrum. The ZPL is the narrow component at a specific frequency of the absorption line of electronic excitation. The broader feature is then the phonon sideband (PSB). In h-BN, there are direct and

Effect of Ag loading position on the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ nanocolumn arrays

• Jinghan Xu,
• Yanqi Liu and
• Yan Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 717–728, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.59

• solar energy harvesting in photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications owing to their extremely high visible-light absorption and tuned effective band gap. In this work, Ag-loaded TiO2 nanocolumn (Ag-TNC) arrays were fabricated based on anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by combining atomic layer

• ) of Ag and the absorption of light by TiO2. These results represent a promising step forward to the development of high-performance photocatalysts for energy conversion and storage. Keywords: anodic aluminum oxide template; nanocolumn arrays; photocatalysis; surface plasmon resonance; Introduction

• artificial photosynthesis [4]. In particular, research on the application of TiO2 in the field of water pollution degradation has experienced a notable increase due to its nontoxicity, nonpollutant nature, high chemical stability, and low cost [5]. However, the absorption spectrum of pure TiO2 is too narrow

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic performance of heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded composite nanofiber membranes

• Wei Fang,
• Liang Yu and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 631–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.50

• degradation rate of methyl orange, defined as η, was calculated by the following formula: where A0 is the initial absorption of the solution and Ai is the currently measured absorption. Sample A showed almost no photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange, and the final degradation rate of 6.7% was likely