Preparation of micro/nanopatterned gelatins crosslinked with genipin for biocompatible dental implants

• Reika Makita,
• Tsukasa Akasaka,
• Seiichi Tamagawa,
• Yasuhiro Yoshida,
• Saori Miyata,
• Hirofumi Miyaji and
• Tsutomu Sugaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1735–1754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.165

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• powered by light on the market, representing the first major commercial use of dye-sensitized solar cells. In 2005, Abraxane™, which is a human serum albumin NP material containing paclitaxel, was manufactured, commercialized and released in the pharmaceutical market [41]. In 2014, there were about 1814

Mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysts in utilizing visible light

• Kah Hon Leong,
• Azrina Abd Aziz,
• Lan Ching Sim,
• Pichiah Saravanan,
• Min Jang and
• Detlef Bahnemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 628–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.59

• occurs in microorganisms because it is fast and cost effective and can be readily scaled for realistic applications [163]. A very recent study demonstrated that Ag/AgCl can be synthesized using ash gourd peel extract without using organic toxic solvents [157]. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Neem extract

Wafer-scale bioactive substrate patterning by chemical lift-off lithography

• Chong-You Chen,
• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hsiang-Hua Li,
• Hong-Hseng Chan and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 311–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.31

• (TRIS) and tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) were obtained from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium). Bovine serum albumin (BSA), and 10× phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 1.37 M NaCl, 0.027 M KCl, 0.10 M Na2HPO4, and 0.018 M KH2PO4 were purchased from Bioman Scientific Co., Ltd (Taipei, Taiwan

Strategy to discover full-length amyloid-beta peptide ligands using high-efficiency microarray technology

• Clelia Galati,
• Natalia Spinella,
• Lucio Renna,
• Danilo Milardi,
• Francesco Attanasio,
• Michele Francesco Maria Sciacca and
• Corrado Bongiorno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2446–2453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.243

• our laboratory. Experimental Chemicals Phosphate-buffered saline, hydrogen peroxide (29%), ammonium hydroxide (25%), hydrochloric acid (37%), methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), anhydrous toluene and 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GOPs) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich. Bovine serum albumin

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

• Dimitri Vanhecke,
• Dagmar A. Kuhn,
• Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi,
• Sandor Balog,
• Ana Milosevic,
• Dominic Urban,
• Diana Peckys,
• Niels de Jonge,
• Wolfgang J. Parak,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239

• , ethanol, and deionized water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a 10× solution, electron microscopy grade glutaraldehyde (GA) 25% solution, D-saccharose, glycine, biotin-free and molecular biology grade albumin fraction V (BSA), and sodium cacodylate trihydrate were obtained from Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG

Development of polycationic amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery

• Gamze Varan,
• Juan M. Benito,
• Carmen Ortiz Mellet and
• Erem Bilensoy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1457–1468, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.145

• of chemotherapy with PCX. A promising step was taken with the FDA approval of albumin nanoparticle bound PCX (Abraxane®) in 2005 for breast cancer treatment with a significantly lower dose [8]. This was considered a breakthrough in PCX formulation development as it avoided the use of solubilizers

Low uptake of silica nanoparticles in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial barriers

• Dong Ye,
• Mattia Bramini,
• Delyan R. Hristov,
• Sha Wan,
• Anna Salvati,
• Christoffer Åberg and
• Kenneth A. Dawson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1396–1406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.141

• . Caco-2 cells were fixed and permeabilised with methanol for 4 min at −20 °C and then carefully washed with PBS three times. Antibody unspecific binding was prevented by treating the cells with a blocking buffer of 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA)-Tween PBS for 30 min (Tween 0.05%, v/v). To stain the

Characterization of ferrite nanoparticles for preparation of biocomposites

• Urszula Klekotka,
• Magdalena Rogowska,
• Dariusz Satuła and
• Beata Kalska-Szostko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1257–1265, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.127

• with a bioparticle was studied. In subsequent steps, the nanoparticles were immobilized with enzymes such as albumin, glucose oxidase, lipase and trypsin as a test bioparticles. The characterization of the nanoparticles was acheived by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy

• dispersive X-ray and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The effect of the obtained biocomposites was monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The obtained results show that in some cases the use of glutaraldehyde was crucial (albumin). Keywords: albumin; EDX; glucose oxidase; IR spectroscopy; lipase

• , we have used nanoparticles with or without attached glutaraldehyde that served as a linker between the nanoparticle and enzymes and gives more space for interaction. The enzymes tested in this paper were: albumin, glucose oxidase, lipase, and trypsin. This study is a continuation of our previous

Evaluation of quantum dot conjugated antibodies for immunofluorescent labelling of cellular targets

• Jennifer E. Francis,
• David Mason and
• Raphaël Lévy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1238–1249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.125

• × in PBS (5 min), permeabilised with 0.25% Triton X-100 in PBS for 60 min (except methanol fixation), washed again 3× in PBS (5 min), and incubated with 6% bovine serum albumin (BSA, Sigma-Aldrich, UK) in PBS (60 min). Primary antibodies produced in mouse (anti-β-tubulin TUB 2.1, Sigma-Aldrich, UK

Phospholipid arrays on porous polymer coatings generated by micro-contact spotting

• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Monica de Freitas,
• Lea-Marie Tröster,
• Tobias Jochum,
• Pavel A. Levkin,
• Michael Hirtz and
• Harald Fuchs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 715–722, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.75

• ]. After spotting, the arrays were blocked with 10% bovine serum albumin (BSA) to reduce unspecific binding of the protein to the polymer. Next, samples were washed and incubated for 1 h with 0.5 µg solution of STV-FITC in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The observed STV-FITC fluorescence is homogenous

Uptake of the proteins HTRA1 and HTRA2 by cells mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Olga Rotan,
• Katharina N. Severin,
• Simon Pöpsel,
• Alexander Peetsch,
• Melisa Merdanovic,
• Michael Ehrmann and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 381–393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.40

• denoted as HTRA1-488 and HTRA2-488 in the following. Fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled bovine serum albumin (denoted as BSA-FITC in the following) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Synthesis of the protein-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles The nanoparticles were synthesized as

Comparison of four methods for the biofunctionalization of gold nanorods by the introduction of sulfhydryl groups to antibodies

• Xuefeng Wang,
• Zhong Mei,
• Yanyan Wang and
• Liang Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 372–380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.39

• modification with Traut’s reagent. These results are consistent with the findings that DTT modification introduces more sulfhydryl groups per mol human serum albumin (HSA) than treatment with Traut’s reagent [28]. The conjugating efficiency of antibody-to-nanosphere by Traut’s thiolation was low relative to

Comparison of four functionalization methods of gold nanoparticles for enhancing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

• Paula Ciaurriz,
• Fátima Fernández,
• Edurne Tellechea,
• Jose F. Moran and
• Aaron C. Asensio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 244–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.27

• serum albumin (BSA) were added and shaken for 10 min. Thereafter the sample was centrifuged (7,500g 30 min) to remove unbound protein and AuNPs were re-suspended in 1 mL of 2 mM borate buffer pH 8.7 containing 5% sucrose, 2% glycerol, 0.5% BSA, and 0.01% Tween. The washing step was repeated once and the

Performance of colloidal CdS sensitized solar cells with ZnO nanorods/nanoparticles

• Anurag Roy,
• Partha Pratim Das,
• Mukta Tathavadekar,
• Sumita Das and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 210–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.23

• Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India 10.3762/bjnano.8.23 Abstract As an alternative photosensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells, bovine serum albumin (BSA) (a nonhazardous protein) was used in the synthesis of colloidal CdS nanoparticles (NPs). This system has been employed

• dots (QDs) we followed a bioinspired strategy to synthesize such systems. In this work, bovine serum albumin (BSA) is selected as a biotemplating agent. BSA is a ubiquitous protein mainly present in blood and is a commonly used reagent in biological studies. Here, we have synthesized functionalized

• and ethanol were purchased from Merck Limited, Germany. Bovine serum albumin was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Zn(NO3)3 and Zn(CH3COO)2 were purchased from Merck Limited, Germany. All the chemicals were used without any further purification. Synthesis of CdS nanoparticles The CdS NPs were

Structural and tribometric characterization of biomimetically inspired synthetic "insect adhesives"

• Matthias W. Speidel,
• Malte Kleemeier,
• Andreas Hartwig,
• Klaus Rischka,
• Angelika Ellermann,
• Rolf Daniels and
• Oliver Betz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 45–63, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.6

• adhesivenesses, ranging between 1–18 mN. The adhesive performance was drastically reduced in the emulsions that contained albumin as the protein component or that lacked protein. Tribometric shear tests were performed at moderate normal loads. Our measured friction forces (4–93 mN in the first and 0.1–5.8 mN in

• (C30) representing hydrocarbons of defined structure and length within the range of C23–C49 as established in the biological role models. Albumin and gelatin were substitutes for proteinogenic amino acids, with the surfactant Span 80 (Sorbitane monooleate) being used as a combined replacement for fatty

• up to 60 s−1. For this analysis, we examined the emulsions consisting of squalane and the proteins gelatin and albumin, respectively. We propose that a yield point is required for a locomotion adhesive to prevent the sliding of a non-moving insect from a vertical smooth surface. Therefore, the

Effective intercalation of zein into Na-montmorillonite: role of the protein components and use of the developed biointerfaces

• Ana C. S. Alcântara,
• Margarita Darder,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1772–1782, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.170

• intercalation of gelatin into montmorillonite [4], other biohybrids also based on the assembly of smectite clays and proteins (e.g., bovine serum albumin, gelatin, casein or soy) have been vastly studied [5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, protein adsorption on montmorillonite clay can be considered a complex process

• proteins intercalated in sodium montmorillonite, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) [5]. Therefore, the new route 2 seems more effective to achieve the incorporation of zein molecules into the intracrystalline space of sodium montmorillonite. The infrared spectra of pristine MMT, zein, and Z-MMT_S2

• biohybrid (1.88 nm), which is the biohybrid prepared by synthesis 2 route using the highest amount of zein (Figure 2b). These results are in agreement with those reported by Weiss [11], which revealed that intercalation of several proteins, such as salmin, serum and egg albumin, generally never surpasses a

High performance Ce-doped ZnO nanorods for sunlight-driven photocatalysis

• Bilel Chouchene,
• Tahar Ben Chaabane,
• Lavinia Balan,
• Emilien Girot,
• Kevin Mozet,
• Ghouti Medjahdi and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1338–1349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.125

• (Figure 12a) [58]. Glucose, a reducing sugar (100 mg/L), urea (100 mg/L) or Na2S (10 mg/L) only slightly decreased the photodegradation rate of Orange II at pH 7 (Figure 12b). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) (10 mg/L) and aniline (10 mg/L) had a more pronounced inhibition effect (degradation of Orange II in

Preparation of alginate–chitosan–cyclodextrin micro- and nanoparticles loaded with anti-tuberculosis compounds

• Albert Ivancic,
• Fliur Macaev,
• Fatma Aksakal,
• Veaceslav Boldescu,
• Serghei Pogrebnoi and
• Gheorghe Duca

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1208–1218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.112

• . tuberculosis H37Rv inocula were first passaged in radiometric 7H12 broth (BACTEC 12B) until the growth index (GI) reached 800–999. For the fourth replicate experiment, H37Rv was grown in 100 mL of Middlebrook 7H9 broth supplemented with 0.2% glycerol, 10% OADC (oleic acid, albumin, dextrose, catalase), and

Surface coating affects behavior of metallic nanoparticles in a biological environment

• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Ivona Capjak,
• Tea Crnković,
• Marija Lovrić,
• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Ivana Vinković Vrček and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 246–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.23

• albumin (BSAAgNPs), Brij 35 (BrijAgNP) and Tween 20 (TweenAgNP). The SPIONs were prepared as uncoated γ-Fe2O3 NPs (UNSPIONs), and coated with D-mannose (MANSPIONs) or poly(L-lysine) (PLLSPIONs). Three media for NP dispersion were investigated: ultrapure water (UW), biological cell culture medium without

• broad range of mammalian cells, was used as a model biological fluid. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) served as a model serum protein due to its biological relevance and high significance in biomedical applications. Albumin is the most abundant protein in mammalian blood plasma and has outstanding buffering

• evaluation of metallic NPs in biological environments. Effect of albumin on the dispersibility of AgNPs and SPIONs in biological media When suspended in biological fluids, NPs rapidly interact with proteins that form a dynamical layer all over the NP surface, known as a protein corona (PC) [36][37][39

Au nanoparticle-based sensor for apomorphine detection in plasma

• Chiara Zanchi,
• Andrea Lucotti,
• Matteo Tommasini,
• Sebastiano Trusso,
• Ugo de Grazia,
• Emilio Ciusani and
• Paolo M. Ossi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2224–2232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.228

• APO in blood plasma, as shown in Figure 7B. The kinetics of APO adsorption onto the gold nanostructured surface are expected to be strongly affected by matrix effects. In particular, the presence of proteins, such as human serum albumin, an abundant plasma protein that binds a wide range of drugs

Optimized design of a nanostructured SPCE-based multipurpose biosensing platform formed by ferrocene-tethered electrochemically-deposited cauliflower-shaped gold nanoparticles

• Wicem Argoubi,
• Maroua Saadaoui,
• Sami Ben Aoun and
• Noureddine Raouafi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1840–1852, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.187

• , produced in goat), bovine serum albumin (98%), ascorbic acid, dopamine, H2O2, silica gel 60 mesh and F254 nm fluorescent silica-coated aluminum TLC plates were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany) and used as received without further purification. All solvents used were of analytical grade and were used

Probing fibronectin–antibody interactions using AFM force spectroscopy and lateral force microscopy

• Andrzej J. Kulik,
• Małgorzata Lekka,
• Kyumin Lee,
• Grazyna Pyka-Fościak and
• Wieslaw Nowak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1164–1175, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.118

• for a similar type of interaction between an antigen and an antibody (i.e., bovine serum albumin and its monoclonal antibody) [35]. Our experiments do not allow for determination of which region (module) of FN interacts with Mab. As the bond dissociation is a nonequilibrium, dynamic process

Protein corona – from molecular adsorption to physiological complexity

• Lennart Treuel,
• Dominic Docter,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 857–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.88

• revealed a decrease of the collision efficiency (i.e., the overall number of collisions divided by the number of collisions that form an agglomerate) with an increasing protein (human serum albumin, HSA) concentration (Figure 1a). Intriguingly, they found that their colloid was stable at a point where

• further attention. Treuel and coworkers employed circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy to study the thermodynamic and structural aspects of NP–protein interactions [47]. They investigated the formation of a serum albumin, an established model protein [7][8][9][80][111], corona around Au (13 ± 2 nm) and Ag

• the polymer shell), by live HeLa cells in the presence or absence of human transferrin (TF) and human serum albumin (HSA) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) medium. They studied the uptake of the NPs by quantitative confocal fluorescence microscopy. For comparison, they also studied the cellular

Influence of gold, silver and gold–silver alloy nanoparticles on germ cell function and embryo development

• Ulrike Taylor,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Wilfried A. Kues,
• Stephan Barcikowski and
• Detlef Rath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 651–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.66

• ) and oligonucleotide conjugated AuNP (diameter 7.3 nm, 94 biomolecules per particle, Zeta potential −32 mV) which were tested by using bovine sperm, as well as bovine serum albumin (BSA) coated gold (diameter 6–20 nm), silver (diameter 11 nm; AgNP) and various gold silver alloy nanoparticles (silver

• concentration was 10 µg/mL and all particles were conjugated with bovine serum albumin. Reproduced with permission from [50]. Copyright 2014 Royal Society of Chemistry. Representative laser scanning microscope images of porcine cumulus–oocyte complexes after 46 h co-incubation during in vitro maturation. (A

• ) conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as measured by disc centrifugation. xc has been calculated by log-normal fitting. (B) Oocyte maturation rates after exposure to AgNP in situ or ex situ bioconjugated to BSA. *p < 0.05. Blastocyst development rates after microinjection of nanoparticles into 2-cell