Graphene–polymer coating for the realization of strain sensors

• Carmela Bonavolontà,
• Carla Aramo,
• Massimo Valentino,
• Giampiero Pepe,
• Sergio De Nicola,
• Gianfranco Carotenuto,
• Angela Longo,
• Mariano Palomba,
• Simone Boccardi and
• Carosena Meola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 21–27, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.3

• graphite powder. Then a concentrated nanostructured graphite colloid was prepared by accurately dispersing the graphite in ethanol (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.9%) under sonication. The nanostructured graphite colloid was gently rubbed on the surface of a slat of PMMA, by hand, using a low-density polyethylene (LDPE

Solvent-mediated conductance increase of dodecanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticle monolayers

• Patrick A. Reissner,
• Jean-Nicolas Tisserant,
• Antoni Sánchez-Ferrer,
• Raffaele Mezzenga and
• Andreas Stemmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2057–2064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.196

• Zetasizer. A hydrodynamic diameter of 12.3 nm was measured for gold nanoparticles used for immersion duration study and 13.4 nm for all other experiments. 10 mL of the aqueous colloid were centrifuged (13000 rpm) for 30 min and redispersed in ethanol. 200 µL 1-dodecanthiol were added to the colloidal

Layered composites of PEDOT/PSS/nanoparticles and PEDOT/PSS/phthalocyanines as electron mediators for sensors and biosensors

• Celia García-Hernández,
• Cristina García-Cabezón,
• Fernando Martín-Pedrosa,
• José Antonio De Saja and
• María Luz Rodríguez-Méndez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1948–1959, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.186

• ) and copper(II) phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (CuPc, 0.05 g/L) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Gold nanoparticle (AuNPs, 30–40 nm) colloids were synthesized according to a modification of the procedure proposed by Slot and Geuze [12][40]. Using this procedure, a red colloid with

Functionalized platinum nanoparticles with surface charge trigged by pH: synthesis, characterization and stability studies

• Giovanna Testa,
• Laura Fontana,
• Iole Venditti and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1822–1828, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.175

• stabilizer to protect the platinum nanoparticles [18]. However, an efficient separation of the colloid from solution could be difficult to reach [19]. Among the synthetic approaches, wet chemical synthesis offers the opportunity to introduce a selected functionalization onto the NP surface and generally give

• colloid [39]). As observed in the literature, the role of the stable negative counter-ion is underlined from the negative values observed [40]. Measurements carried out up to three months confirmed the long-term stability of the colloidal suspension for all the samples. The FTIR spectrum of Pt-DEA

Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells

• Alexandra M. Greiner,
• Adria Sales,
• Hao Chen,
• Sarah A. Biela,
• Dieter Kaufmann and
• Ralf Kemkemer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1620–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.155

• mold silicon on top. Finally, by treating the epoxy–silicon sandwich with oxygen plasma the epoxy is eliminated, rendering the metal structure on the silicon substrate [46][73]. Colloidal lithography is a technique relying on the arrangement of colloid particles, on 2D or 3D surfaces, to use it as

Tunable longitudinal modes in extended silver nanoparticle assemblies

• Serene S. Bayram,
• Klas Lindfors and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1219–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.113

• mM HCl. AgNPs synthesis and assembly: AgNO3 (10.0 μmol) was dissolved in 100 mL of water at room temperature and chemically reduced under stirring by slowly adding an excess of cold NaBH4 (0.012 g) giving the characteristic yellow color of AgNPs colloidal solutions. The colloid was left for at least

Improved biocompatibility and efficient labeling of neural stem cells with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles

• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Marina Dobrivojević,
• Lada Brkić Ahmed,
• Michal Babič,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Daniel Horák and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 926–936, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.84

• confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy [19][27]. In short, 12 mL of 0.2 M FeCl3 solution was mixed with 12 mL of 0.5 M NH4OH solution under sonication (Sonicator W-385; Heat SystemsUltrasonics, Inc., Farmingdale, NY, USA) for 2 min at room temperature to form colloid Fe(OH)3. Under sonication 6 mL of aqueous 0.2 M

• iron oxide colloid, diluted to a concentration of 2.2 mg iron oxide/mL. The obtained mixture was sonicated for 5 min and used in the experiments. Characterization of nanoparticles Morphology of the particles was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Samples were prepared by dropping 2 μL

Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation in pure water and in chloride solution

• Brunella Perito,
• Emilia Giorgetti,
• Paolo Marsili and
• Maurizio Muniz-Miranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 465–473, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.40

• previously observed a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal from such AgNPs by “activating” the NP surface by the addition of a small quantity of LiCl to the colloid. Such surface effects could also influence the antimicrobial activity of the NPs. Their activity, on the other hand, could

• : antibacterial activity; colloid; laser ablation; nanoparticles; silver; Introduction The interest in nanoscale metal particles is constantly growing as they find wide application in diverse fields ranging from sensing [1][2][3], medicine [4], catalysis [5][6][7][8], to astrobiology [9][10] and many others. In

• a strong increase of the Raman response of molecular adsorbates in the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) effect. A strong SERS signal from such AgNPs can be obtained by “activating” the NP surface by addition of a small quantity of LiCl to the colloid. In addition, a sizeable catalytic effect

Surface coating affects behavior of metallic nanoparticles in a biological environment

• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Ivona Capjak,
• Tea Crnković,
• Marija Lovrić,
• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Ivana Vinković Vrček and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 246–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.23

• ), Brij 35 (5 mL, 0.45 mM) and hydrogen peroxide (0.105 mL, 30 wt %) with 44.5 mL ultrapure water. The mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature in the presence of air. The final volume was kept at 50 mL. To this mixture, NaBH4 (0.4 mL, 200 mM) was rapidly injected, generating a colloid that was

• pale yellow. After 30 min, the colloid darkened to a deep-yellow color indicating the formation of AgNPs. CITAgNPs were synthesized via the following protocol: 200 μL of the aqueous solution of ascorbic acid (AsA) with a concentration of 0.1 mM was added into 190 mL of boiling water, followed by

Influence of calcium on ceramide-1-phosphate monolayers

• Joana S. L. Oliveira,
• Gerald Brezesinski,
• Alexandra Hill and
• Arne Gericke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 236–245, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.22

• Joana S. L. Oliveira Gerald Brezesinski Alexandra Hill Arne Gericke Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Colloid Chemistry Department, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA

Chemiresistive/SERS dual sensor based on densely packed gold nanoparticles

• Sanda Boca,
• Cosmin Leordean,
• Simion Astilean and
• Cosmin Farcau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2498–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.259

• thus combine unique advantages of both electric and optical sensors. Colloidal gold nanoparticles as building blocks A request for a good control of the NP assembling process is represented by the chemical stability of the used colloid. We observed that by increasing the concentration of the colloid

• features during CSA. Finally, the SEM image in Figure 2d indicates that the gold nanoparticles in the strips are assembled with a high density packing. This is due to the good stability of the colloid during assembly, achieved by capping NPs with FA. The current–voltage (I–V) behavior of the assembled

• HAuCl4·3H2O was boiled. A solution of 38.8·10−3 M sodium citrate (10 mL) was added under stirring. After the color changed from yellow to burgundy-red, the heat was stopped, and stirring continued until the colloid reached room temperature. Folic acid was mixed with the colloidal nanoparticles and

Silica-coated upconversion lanthanide nanoparticles: The effect of crystal design on morphology, structure and optical properties

• Uliana Kostiv,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Hana Macková,
• Alexander Zhigunov,
• Hana Engstová,
• Katarína Smolková,
• Petr Ježek and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2290–2299, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.235

• modifications. The OM–NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanoparticles (50 mg) were dispersed in cyclohexane (10 mL). Igepal CO-520 (0.5 mL) and 25% aqueous ammonia (0.08 mL) were added, and the suspension was mixed using a Sonopuls sonicator (Bandelin, Berlin, Germany) for 30 min, yielding a stable colloid. TMOS (0.04 mL) was

Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrol/AuNP composites deposited by different electrochemical methods: sensing properties towards catechol

• Celia García-Hernández,
• Cristina García-Cabezón,
• Cristina Medina-Plaza,
• Fernando Martín-Pedrosa,
• Yolanda Blanco,
• José Antonio de Saja and
• María Luz Rodríguez-Méndez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2052–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.209

• of films deposited onto SS or Pt were almost identical. The average size of the AuNPs was between 30 and 40 nm (regardless of the method used), which is consistent with the absorbance at 540 nm observed by colloid that was used to obtain the nanocomposites by trapping. The number of AuNPs

• on a hot plate, then 1 mL of solution (2) was quickly added to the HAuCl4 solution while stirring. The mixture was then boiled for 20 min. Using this procedure, a red colloid with a UV absorbance maximum at λ = 540 nm was obtained. Instruments Electropolymerizations and electrochemical studies were

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility study of Au/TMC/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites as a promising, nontoxic system for biomedical applications

• Hanieh Shirazi,
• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Soheila Kashanian and
• Kobra Omidfar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1677–1689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.170

• synthesized, Au nanoparticle, colloid solution for about 2 h under continuous stirring conditions. The Au nanoparticles were assumed to attach to the polymer/Fe3O4 complex via electrostatic interaction, which was confirmed by the discoloration of the mixture. After washing with deionized water and adding

Protein corona – from molecular adsorption to physiological complexity

• Lennart Treuel,
• Dominic Docter,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 857–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.88

• , Gebauer, Treuel and co-workers [53] presented an in-depth investigation of the quantitative effect of corona formation on colloidal stability. By carefully increasing the ionic strength of the surrounding medium, Gebauer et al. [53] removed the charge stabilization of a citrate-coated Ag colloid, and

• revealed a decrease of the collision efficiency (i.e., the overall number of collisions divided by the number of collisions that form an agglomerate) with an increasing protein (human serum albumin, HSA) concentration (Figure 1a). Intriguingly, they found that their colloid was stable at a point where

• the deliberately destabilized colloid. Black dots: data points, black solid line: Hill fit to the data points (KD = 71 ± 17 nmol·L−1, n = 2.71) indicating a cooperative binding behavior. Reproduced with permission from [53]. Copyright 2012 American Chemical Society. (a): Schematic representation of

Overview of nanoscale NEXAFS performed with soft X-ray microscopes

• Peter Guttmann and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 595–604, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.61

• capability to investigate cryogenic samples in the HZB-TXM, the electronic structure of individual hybrid colloid particles in their hydrated environment were analysed [63]. Here, the structural homogeneity of nanoparticles in the hybrid particle was examined. Nanoscale valence changes in resistive switching

• magnetic nanoparticles which will have future applications in photo thermal therapy or drug delivery can be optimized by different analysis methods including NEXAFS spectroscopy with the HZB-TXM [65]. In the latter case as well as in the case of hybrid colloid particles the nanoparticles have sizes below

Raman spectroscopy as a tool to investigate the structure and electronic properties of carbon-atom wires

• Alberto Milani,
• Matteo Tommasini,
• Valeria Russo,
• Andrea Li Bassi,
• Andrea Lucotti,
• Franco Cataldo and
• Carlo S. Casari

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 480–491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.49

• from NIR (1064 nm) to blue (458 nm) wavelengths, illustrating that this is not a resonance-activated effect [39]. When interacting with metal nanoparticles in solution, H-terminated polyynes promote colloid aggregation, which causes the plasmon resonance to broaden and shift from the visible to the NIR

Exploring plasmonic coupling in hole-cap arrays

• Thomas M. Schmidt,
• Maj Frederiksen,
• Vladimir Bochenkov and
• Duncan S. Sutherland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.1

• heating the particles to temperatures close to and above the glass transition of polystyrene to allow reshaping of the colloid giving increased wetting of the silica surface and thereby reducing the vertical distance between the caps and holes. Any coupling between caps and hole arrays should be strongly

Intake of silica nanoparticles by giant lipid vesicles: influence of particle size and thermodynamic membrane state

• Florian G. Strobl,
• Florian Seitz,
• Christoph Westerhausen,
• Armin Reller,
• Adriano A. Torrano,
• Christoph Bräuchle,
• Achim Wixforth and
• Matthias F. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2468–2478, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.256

• . Mechanical aspects of such a colloid–membrane interaction are treated by several theoretical models. A simple, purely mechanical picture of such an interaction involves at least three mechanical parameters: the adhesion energy per unit area gad, the bending stiffness of the membrane κ and its surface tension

Nanobioarchitectures based on chlorophyll photopigment, artificial lipid bilayers and carbon nanotubes

• Marcela Elisabeta Barbinta-Patrascu,
• Stefan Marian Iordache,
• Ana Maria Iordache,
• Nicoleta Badea and
• Camelia Ungureanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2316–2325, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.240

• research stage with the design, preparation and characterization techniques needed for monitoring these biomaterials, and presents new interdisciplinary aspects involving concepts of biochemistry, biophysics, microbiology, nanotechnology, colloid and supramolecular chemistry, and materials science. The

Coating with luminal gut-constituents alters adherence of nanoparticles to intestinal epithelial cells

• Heike Sinnecker,
• Katrin Ramaker and
• Andreas Frey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2308–2315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.239

• increasing colloid stability or camouflaging attachment sites, certain components of intestinal fluid are capable to modify particle surfaces in such a way that interactions with cellular surface structures result in an increased binding. Keywords: adherence; agglomeration; intestinal epithelial cells

• ], and possible implications for the particle–cell interactions are considered. For example, it was shown that human serum albumin (HSA), BSA and fetal bovine serum can build a protein corona around NPs whereby the particles are stabilized against agglomeration and the colloid stability of the particle

• be visible at the magnification used during light microscopy. The proteins BSA and casein seem to diminish the contact of NPs with the cell surface by enhancing the NP colloid stability. This effect is particularly evident in software-processed microscope images of 100 nm particles on Caco-2 cells

Influence of stabilising agents and pH on the size of SnO₂ nanoparticles

• Olga Rac,
• Patrycja Suchorska-Woźniak,
• Marta Fiedot and
• Helena Teterycz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2192–2201, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.228

• precipitation reaction in a solution of standard composition (see Experimental section), a colloid was obtained. This was observed in the UV–vis spectrum of which a characteristic peak at a wavelength of 282 nm distinguishes the presence of tin dioxide particles in solution (Figure 1). The standard composition

• 30 min. Before the measurement, a gold layer was deposited on the sample using a coater (Edwards–Pirani 501). UV–vis spectrum of a tin dioxide colloid stabilised with PEI. DLS results of the diameter distribution of the resulting nanoparticles formed in a solution with a standard composition. XRD

Biopolymer colloids for controlling and templating inorganic synthesis

• Laura C. Preiss,
• Katharina Landfester and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2129–2138, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.222

• , micelles, and vesicles, and on the other hand continuous scaffolds generated by gelling biopolymers. Keywords: biomacromolecules; biopolymer; colloid; nanoparticle; organic–inorganic hybrid; template; Introduction During the natural synthesis of inorganic matter in living organisms, referred to as

PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments

• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Alexandra Antonopulos,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Ralf Dringen,
• Matthias Epple,
• Rebekka Flöck,
• Wolfgang Goedecke,
• Christina Graf,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Jens Helmlinger,
• Fabian Herzog,
• Frederike Heuer,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Christian Johannes,
• Stefanie Kittler,
• Manfred Köller,
• Katrin Korn,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Eva M. Luther,
• Marcelina Malissek,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Anne Pailliart,
• Jörg Raabe,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Carsten Schleh,
• Andreas Seibel,
• Christina Sengstock,
• Lennart Treuel,
• Annika Vogt,
• Katrin Weber and
• Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205

• zeta potential of −20 mV and a metallic core diameter of about 70 nm. All concentrations given refer to the amount of silver. This review article summarizes the results of all groups who participated in this study. Synthesis and colloid-chemical characterization of silver nanoparticles The synthesis of

• , which is indicative for a monodisperse system. The particles were negatively charged with a zetapotential of −20 mV. These particles were used in all described experiments after thorough chemical and colloid-chemical characterization. Dissolution of dispersed silver nanoparticles Silver nanoparticles

The surface properties of nanoparticles determine the agglomeration state and the size of the particles under physiological conditions

• Christoph Bantz,
• Olga Koshkina,
• Thomas Lang,
• Hans-Joachim Galla,
• C. James Kirkpatrick,
• Roland H. Stauber and
• Michael Maskos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1774–1786, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.188

• physiological salinity, zeta potential determinations based on electrophoretic mobility measurements should be treated with great care. As they are influenced by a multitude of factors, such as surface charge, salinity and by the interactions that are present in the colloid, the applied models to derive zeta