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Search for "droplets" in Full Text gives 177 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

  • Jonatas L. Duarte,
  • Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
  • Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
  • Rafael Miguel Sábio,
  • Gabriel Davi Marena,
  • Tais Maria Bauab,
  • Cristiane Duque,
  • Vincent Corbel and
  • Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

Graphical Abstract
  • volatility, make their formulation a true challenge. In this regard, nanoemulsions (NEs), which are dispersions of two immiscible liquids with one of them dispersed as small droplets [11][12], stand out as new delivery vehicles for these bioactive compounds. They are especially important to enhance the water
  • , leading to the generation of dispersed material on a nanoscale [15]. The low-energy methods are characterized by the use and control of the chemical energy of the system in the formation of droplets on the nanoscale. A crucial point is that these systems can be obtained at low cost and with eco-friendly
  • maturation, a very important mechanism when it comes to the instability of NEs. It is related to the difference between the droplet sizes in the formulation, with the smaller droplets having greater chemical potential and, thus, diffusing to the larger ones [26]. Formulations with HLB values of 14 and 15
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Published 18 Jan 2024

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

  • Eloïse Equy,
  • Jordana Hirtzel,
  • Sophie Hellé,
  • Béatrice Heurtault,
  • Eric Mathieu,
  • Morgane Rabineau,
  • Vincent Ball and
  • Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

Graphical Abstract
  • concentration for further experiments. During the freeze-drying process, BSA/PDA NPs acted as surfactant and were located around water droplets when the water was rapidly sublimated, which resulted in the formation of a foam (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1a). After freeze-drying, the foam could be
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Published 22 Dec 2023

Spatial variations of conductivity of self-assembled monolayers of dodecanethiol on Au/mica and Au/Si substrates

  • Julian Skolaut,
  • Jędrzej Tepper,
  • Federica Galli,
  • Wulf Wulfhekel and
  • Jan M. van Ruitenbeek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1169–1177, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.97

Graphical Abstract
  • . This was avoided in later experiments by using eutectic GaIn (eGaIn) droplets [8][9][10][11]. These are much more viscous, to the point that they are almost solid. This reduces the amount of leak currents significantly and makes studies on the conductivity of SAMs much more reliable. A more widely
  • characteristics. Moreover, the probes used in CAFM are significantly sharper compared to, for example, mercury droplets or eGaIn, which makes it possible to avoid short circuits to the metallic surface relatively easily. In previous studies, CAFM has been used to investigate the conductivity of surfaces and SAMs
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Published 05 Dec 2023

A multi-resistance wide-range calibration sample for conductive probe atomic force microscopy measurements

  • François Piquemal,
  • Khaled Kaja,
  • Pascal Chrétien,
  • José Morán-Meza,
  • Frédéric Houzé,
  • Christian Ulysse and
  • Abdelmounaim Harouri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1141–1148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.94

Graphical Abstract
  • droplets (F42240, lead-free solder paste – class 5, CIF, France). The fused silica substrate was placed on a heating plate set to 270 °C, which required around 3 min to reach the melting temperature of the solder droplets (217 °C), as observed under an optical microscope. Upon cooling, 16 SMD resistors
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Published 22 Nov 2023

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

  • Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
  • Víctor Oestreicher,
  • Martín Mizrahi and
  • Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

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  • spin-coated on a Si wafer (3000 rpm, 40 s), washed with ethanol and dried afterward. For AFM, the samples were diluted in ethanol and drop-cast on a Si/SiO2 wafer. Si/SiO2 wafers were washed by spin-coating ten droplets of acetone and ten droplets of isopropanol prior to sample deposition. Scanning
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Published 11 Sep 2023

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

  • Phommachith Sonexai,
  • Minh Van Nguyen,
  • Bui The Huy and
  • Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

Graphical Abstract
  • tool for detecting ultralow concentrations of chemical compounds and biomolecules. We present a reproducible method for producing Ag nanoparticles that can be used to create highly sensitive SERS substrates. A microfluidic device was employed to confine the precursor reagents within the droplets
  • various scientific and technological applications. The Ag NPs were synthesized using a droplet-based microfluidic device and a stereolithographic 3D printing method. The microfluidic device was optimized to produce uniform droplets, within which silver nitrate was reduced by sodium borohydride. This
  • method limits the amount of precursor chemicals and enables the sequential flow of droplets, resulting in silver nanoparticles of uniform shape and size. We investigated the effects of different synthesis conditions on the size distribution, dispersity, and LSPR wavelength of the silver nanoparticles
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Published 21 Jul 2023

Humidity-dependent electrical performance of CuO nanowire networks studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

  • Jelena Kosmaca,
  • Juris Katkevics,
  • Jana Andzane,
  • Raitis Sondors,
  • Liga Jasulaneca,
  • Raimonds Meija,
  • Kiryl Niherysh,
  • Yelyzaveta Rublova and
  • Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 683–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.54

Graphical Abstract
  • water droplets condensed on the surface at very high RH levels (e.g., near and above 90%). This is supported by the Bode plot data of the CuO nanowire interconnects taken for RH 95%, which showed a decreasing phase angle at frequencies below 1000 Hz (Figure 2d). This indicates that the condensed water
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Published 05 Jun 2023

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

  • Celia Martín-Morales,
  • Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
  • Pilar Aranda and
  • Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

Graphical Abstract
  • –biopolymer were assayed. In the case of sepiolite–alginate beads, after homogeneous dispersion, the mixture was introduced into a syringe and slowly introduced dropwise into a calcium bath (CaCl2·2H2O, 6% w/v) to form small alginate droplets that hardened via crosslinking the alginate chains with the calcium
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Published 25 Apr 2023

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

  • Santiago Grijalvo and
  • Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

Graphical Abstract
  • research on the fabrication of polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions, focusing on phase inversion composition. We particularly emphasize their biomedical applications as drug carriers. 2 Nanoemulsions Nanoemulsions are constituted by nanoscale droplets (20–200 nm) dispersed in a continuous
  • liquid phase. They are out-of-equilibrium nanocolloids in which phase separation is expected from thermodynamics, but is delayed by the presence of surfactants adsorbed on the droplets surface. Accordingly, nanoemulsion formation depends on the way the sample is prepared, for example, on the order of
  • . Nanoemulsions can be formulated to contain oily (hydrophobic) droplets in a continuous aqueous phase, that is, as in oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions or aqueous droplets in a continuous oily (hydrophobic) phase as in water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsions. To form an emulsion, the liquid to be dispersed should be
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Published 13 Mar 2023

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

  • Bogusław Budner,
  • Wojciech Tokarz,
  • Sławomir Dyjak,
  • Andrzej Czerwiński,
  • Bartosz Bartosewicz and
  • Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

Graphical Abstract
  • the catalytic and diffusion layers. The microscopic water droplets must leave the MEA and the cell, but in some cases, they are temporarily trapped in the diffusion layer or the flow fields. The presence of water results in a temporary decrease of the current due to the transport resistance increase
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Published 02 Feb 2023

Batch preparation of nanofibers containing nanoparticles by an electrospinning device with multiple air inlets

  • Dong Wei,
  • Chengwei Ye,
  • Adnan Ahmed and
  • Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 141–150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.15

Graphical Abstract
  • excessive air flow, a large number of bubbles were generated on the solution surface, and many droplets appeared on the receiving drum, which greatly affected the spinning effect. When the air flow rate was 100 m3/h (Figure 2b), there were still many bubbles on the solution surface and some droplets on the
  • receiving drum, illustrating that the air flow was still too large. When the air flow rate was 50 m3/h (Figure 2c), the whole solution surface became convex, and no obvious droplets appeared between the nanofibers on the receiving drum. When there was no air flow (0 m3/h) (Figure 2d), the number of jets
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Published 23 Jan 2023

Formation of nanoflowers: Au and Ni silicide cores surrounded by SiOx branches

  • Feitao Li,
  • Siyao Wan,
  • Dong Wang and
  • Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.14

Graphical Abstract
  • drop inside and get in contact with the exposed Si substrate, as marked in Figure 4c. The outer SiOx NWs can be decomposed by the Si substrate, and the core particle consisting of Au and Ni can get in direct contact with the substrate. Thus, Au–Si droplets and Ni silicide can form due to the easy
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Published 20 Jan 2023

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

  • Fernanda R. Leivas and
  • Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

Graphical Abstract
  • water. The cactus for example has spikes where droplets move from the tip to the base, or from the higher to the lower Laplace area. One mechanism developed by nature to capture liquid water from water vapor is present in the Namibian desert beetle, which collects water from morning steam in the desert
  • in region 1 from Figure 2 condenses into the slab of region 2, forming droplets. These droplets are attracted to the hydrophilic sites of the nanocone, as shown in Figure 4. Eventually, the droplets are moved to the middle and, then, to the tip of the nanocone due to the combination of hydrophilic
  • , isolated water molecules pass through, but no droplet is formed. Then, hydrophilic rings were introduced in the nanocone, and different hydrophilic strengths of the rings were explored. Water dynamics in this case is governed by the formation of droplets outside the nanocone, and a combination of regimes
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Published 02 Jan 2023

Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills

  • Patrick Weiser,
  • Robin Kietz,
  • Marc Schneider,
  • Matthias Worgull and
  • Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102

Graphical Abstract
  • a significant increase of the contact angle of water droplets. The fractal structure minimizes contact area as well as adhesion forces between surface and water droplet, thereby equipping the surface with self-cleaning properties equivalent to the lotus effect [24]. Additionally, the high increase
  • on top of the nanofur are around the super hydrophobicity limit of 150° (see Figure 3b). This makes droplets easily roll off a sample even at minimal tilt (see the video in Supporting Information File 1). Contact angles were measured on a Dataphysics OCA 20 contact angle measurement machine using
  • . To a certain extent this can be beneficial because, in general, hairs with high aspect ratio led to high contact angles. However, if the hairs become too long and thin, they might bend under the weight of the water droplets. Furthermore, hair apexes might penetrate water drops. These two effects
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Published 31 Oct 2022

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

  • Jia-Cheng Feng and
  • Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

Graphical Abstract
  • the solution and was moved vertically. The electrical output signal was about 60 mV and 4 μA (Figure 2a,b). Yin’s research group also studied the voltage response of graphene layers to moving droplets [34], and the variables in the experiment included the number of graphene layers, droplet size, and
  • energy from the movement of water droplets and provides a 3 V, 2 μA instantaneous electrical output. It is designed as a hydrophobic layer plus a polymeric dielectric layer with an electrode layer for electron flow at the bottom [78]. As shown in Figure 6e and f, the effects of different ions on the
  • . (c) A liquid droplet is sandwiched between graphene and a SiO2/Si wafer and is drawn at specific velocities by the wafer. (d) A pulse voltage is generated by continuously falling droplets. (e) Voltage induced by three droplets of different solutions. (f) Fitted slope A = V/v (V of voltage, v of
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Published 25 Oct 2022

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

  • Piotr Gadziński,
  • Anna Froelich,
  • Monika Wojtyłko,
  • Antoni Białek,
  • Julia Krysztofiak and
  • Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

Graphical Abstract
  • ]. An alternative to methods using UV or heat is the droplet-born air blowing method (DAB). It is suitable for drug molecules that can be inactivated. In this method, polymer droplets are placed between two sheets. As the sheets are pulled apart, the droplets elongate and the resulting needle-shaped
  • left to dry afterwards. The drying procedure can be accelerated with the aid of gas-jet drying. Another technique involves spray coating, which is technologically similar to the coating of oral solid dosage forms. Electrohydrodynamic atomisation (EHDA), in which electrically charged droplets are
  • deposited on the microneedle surface, has been mentioned. As in piezoelectric inkjet printing, the droplets are released from the nozzle as a result of the application of an electrical field to a piezoelectric crystal, which distorts and pushes the liquid out. The most important techniques applied in
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Published 24 Oct 2022

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

  • Miriam Anna Huth,
  • Axel Huth,
  • Lukas Schreiber and
  • Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

Graphical Abstract
  • the upper and the lower leaf sides. The deposited water droplets appeared spherical (Figure 7a). The CAs of water ranged between 127.5° ± 13.6° and 147.5° ± 11.7°. The deposited droplets rolled off from all leaves at TAs ranging from 10.8° ± 7.3° up to 29.4° ± 15.6°. The CAH values varied from 8.2
  • recrystallized wax (148° ± 4.7°) did not differ from those of the wheat leaves (147.5° ± 11.7°) (Figure 8a). As on clean, non-treated glass, the droplets did not roll off the artificial surfaces with small amounts of wax. Therefore, neither TA nor CAH could be measured on these surfaces. On the artificial
  • surfaces with the large amount of wax, the droplets only rolled off at higher TA (38.9° ± 14.6°) than on the wheat leaves (15.7° ± 15.1°). The TA of the artificial surfaces covered with the medium wax mass (14.9° ± 13.8°) was the same as on the wheat leaves (Figure 8b). The CAH of artificial surfaces with
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Published 13 Sep 2022

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

  • Lingling Xia,
  • Qinyue Wang and
  • Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

Graphical Abstract
  • alignments. For instance, monodispersed colloidal particles can assemble through the evaporation of droplets [56][57]. The local flow and equilibrium interactions among the particles force the obtained assemblies to have periodic structures. The ordered colloidal crystals can regulate the transmission
  • are less periodic than those of isotropic crystals, because the movement of 1D or 2D crystals during evaporation of the droplets is often hindered due to steric effects. Confined assembly helps to optimize the alignment of 1D or 2D crystals by introducing additional flow, that is, shear flow or
  • into void-free structures [137]. The unavoidable interparticle voids limit interparticle interactions among the crystals, making the assemblies difficult to control. To solve this problem, assembling was tried in confined spaces, such as droplets, liquid–liquid interfaces, on the surface of substrates
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Published 12 Aug 2022

Systematic studies into uniform synthetic protein nanoparticles

  • Nahal Habibi,
  • Ava Mauser,
  • Jeffery E. Raymond and
  • Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 274–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.22

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  • , NHS-PEG-NHS, was added to the jetting solution at 10% w/wprotein. Application of a bias (voltage) between the needle and collection tray resulted in a field that distorts the solution meniscus into a Taylor cone. The charged solution was accelerated downward to form droplets. Rapid solvent evaporation
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Published 28 Feb 2022

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

  • Senuri Kumarage,
  • Imalka Munaweera and
  • Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

Graphical Abstract
  • to the long molecular chains. When the molecular weight is low, instead of thin fibers, droplets of the solution will be ejected, which is a phenomenon known as electrospraying [18]. Along its way to the ground collector, the polymer jet undergoes several fluctuations. The jet will initially travel a
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Published 31 Jan 2022

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

  • Vishal Kamathe and
  • Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

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  • starts drying, evaporation of the solvent causes voids and helps in generating clusters of the solute on the substrate. For smaller pockets of the fluid, which can be regarded as droplets, variation in surface tension or temperature at different interfaces predominantly causes either a surface tension
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Published 09 Nov 2021

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

  • Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
  • Norma J. Salazar-López,
  • Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
  • José R. Vega-Baudrit,
  • J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
  • Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
  • Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
  • Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
  • Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

Graphical Abstract
  • nanoparticles (50–1000 nm) [61]. They contain crystallized lipid droplets that are solid at room and body temperatures [62][63], with the drug or the molecule of interest loaded into the solid lipid phase [64]. The advantages of SLN include high drug loading capacity, great stability, good biocompatibility, and
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Published 15 Sep 2021

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

  • Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
  • Lida Moradi,
  • Elmira Kohan,
  • Michael R. Hamblin and
  • Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Graphical Abstract
  • been covered in several reviews by Sarvazyan et al. [91][101][112] and Urban et al. [113]. The schematic illustration of this mechanism is presented in Figure 2. Acoustic droplet vaporization Acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) is an US method wherein superheated liquid micron-sized droplets are
  • converted into gas MBs approximately 5–6 times larger in diameter [114]. The pressure needed for converting liquid droplets into gas-filled MBs and also whether the droplets form again depend on parameters such as shape and size of the droplets used and the temperature in the medium [115]. The ADV processes
  • to improve the efficiency of HIFU by decreasing the acoustic energy required to cause heating and lesion formation. Xin et al. used pulsed-wave US and continuous-wave US heating to vaporize perfluoropentane (PFP) droplets for local thermal ablation [123]. They reported that different concentrations
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Published 11 Aug 2021

Recent progress in actuation technologies of micro/nanorobots

  • Ke Xu and
  • Bing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 756–765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.59

Graphical Abstract
  • provides two functions. The first is as a power engine using triacetin as fuel and achieving particle diffusion through catalytic reaction with it. The second is an active cleaning function that can degrade triglyceride droplets by about 98% within 50 min. This shows great potential for biomedical
  • /nanorobots, for example, the flagella or cilia of swimming microorganisms. Behkam and Sitti [45] suspended droplets of bacteria, such as E. coli, and polystyrene in a solution of water and glucose. After absorbing the glucose nutrient, the rotating flagella of the bacteria pushed the droplets forward, and
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Published 20 Jul 2021

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

  • Thies H. Büscher and
  • Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

Graphical Abstract
  • preparation show that the secretory droplets contain nanodroplets on their surfaces (Figure 8). These results led authors to suggest that the pad secretion is an emulsion consisting of lipoid nanodroplets dispersed in an aqueous liquid. The fluid within the smooth pad contributes to the viscoelastic behaviour
  • Clearance Center, Inc.. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. Fluid micro- and nanodrops in animal attachment pads. (A) Carbon–platinum replica of frozen and coated droplets of the fly Calliphora vicina in SEM (black arrow indicates the direction of coating). Please note the pattern of nanodrops on the
  • surface of the major droplets (Figure 8A is from [3] and was adapted by permission from Springer Nature from “Attachment devices of insect cuticle” by S. N. Gorb, Copyright 2001 Springer Nature. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0). (B) Menisci formed around single terminal contact elements of the
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Published 15 Jul 2021
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