Heterometal nanoparticles from Ru-based molecular clusters covalently anchored onto functionalized carbon nanotubes and nanofibers

• Deborah Vidick,
• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Michel Devillers,
• Claude Poleunis,
• Arnaud Delcorte,
• Pietro Moggi,
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo and
• Sophie Hermans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1287–1297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.133

• commercial Pt–Ru/C catalysts. The preparation methods for Pt–Ru/nanocarbon are varied and take inspiration from (i) electrochemistry (electrodeposition) [11][12], (ii) nanoparticle synthesis (polyol procedure) [13][14] or (iii) heterogeneous catalysis (impregnation/reduction). A fixed pH value during the

Growth and morphological analysis of segmented AuAg alloy nanowires created by pulsed electrodeposition in ion-track etched membranes

• Ina Schubert,
• Loic Burr,
• Christina Trautmann and
• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1272–1280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.131

• Abstract Background: Multicomponent heterostructure nanowires and nanogaps are of great interest for applications in sensorics. Pulsed electrodeposition in ion-track etched polymer templates is a suitable method to synthesise segmented nanowires with segments consisting of two different types of materials

• synthesised by electrodeposition in membranes, and are ideal model systems for investigation of surface plasmons. Keywords: AuAg alloy; cyclic voltammetry; electrodeposition; ion-track technology; nanogaps; segmented nanowires; Introduction The synthesis of multicomponent heterostructure nanowires is

• , the length of the segments plays a determining role and, thus, the length distribution achieved during the simultaneous growth of nanowire arrays should be analysed and discussed in detail. In this work, we synthesise segmented AuAg alloy nanowires by pulsed electrodeposition in track-etched membranes

Simple approach for the fabrication of PEDOT-coated Si nanowires

• Mingxuan Zhu,
• Marielle Eyraud,
• Judikael Le Rouzo,
• Nadia Ait Ahmed,
• Florence Boulc’h,
• Claude Alfonso,
• Philippe Knauth and
• François Flory

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 640–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.65

• pulsed electrodeposition technique. N-type Si nanowire (SiNWs) arrays were synthesized using an electroless metal-assisted chemical etching technique. The dependence of the SiNW reflection on the concentration of the AgNO3 solution was identified. A reflection of less than 2% over the entire visible

• . An extremely large shunt resistance was exhibited and determined to be related to the diffusion conditions occurring during polymerization. Keywords: conductive polymer; core–shell structure; electrodeposition; hybrid material; SiNW; Introduction Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are a current, active

• AgNO3 concentration on the antireflection properties of SiNWs that were etched with the electroless metal-assisted chemical etching (EMACE) method. To determine the optimum electrodeposition parameters, a preliminary study was performed for 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) oxidation on vitreous carbon

Electrical properties of single CdTe nanowires

• Elena Matei,
• Camelia Florica,
• Andreea Costas,
• María Eugenia Toimil-Molares and
• Ionut Enculescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 444–450, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.45

• properties. Keywords: CdTe; electrodeposition; nanowires; transport properties; Introduction Nanowires, which are quasi one-dimensional structures, are considered an extremely important class of nanostructures, regarded as highly effective building blocks for future electronic devices [1][2][3][4]. In

• a well-established method of plating conductive substrates with a specific metal or alloy. During the last decades, semiconductor electrodeposition became more and more attractive, as it may represent a viable alternative to more expensive fabrication methods [14][15][16]. CdTe electroplating is an

• excellent example of semiconductor electrodeposition for both film and nanostructure fabrication [14]. By employing a bath containing both cadmium and telluride, their controlled reduction at the working electrode leads to the formation of a high quality, stoichiometric, compound semiconductor. In this work

Self-organization of mesoscopic silver wires by electrochemical deposition

• Sheng Zhong,
• Thomas Koch,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Harald Rösner,
• Eberhard Nold,
• Aaron Kobler,
• Torsten Scherer,
• Di Wang,
• Christian Kübel,
• Mu Wang,
• Horst Hahn and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1285–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.142

• fabricated from AgNO3 electrolyte via electrodeposition without the help of templates, additives, and surfactants. Although the wire growth speed is very fast due to growth under non-equilibrium conditions, the wire morphology is regular and uniform in diameter. Structural studies reveal that the wires are

• electrochemical environments as well as for the fabrication of highly-ordered, single-crystalline metal nanowires. Keywords: crystal growth; electrochemistry; electrodeposition; mesowires; nanoelectrochemistry; nanowires; self-organization; silver nanowires; silver nitrate; stability; Introduction Nanoscale and

• fabrication process of the mesoscopic silver wires is summarized in Figure 1. It is similar to that described in our previous work [28][29][30][31]. Before electrodeposition, the electrolyte in the deposition cell is carefully solidified by lowering the temperature to a preset value, which is usually just

Nanoforging – Innovation in three-dimensional processing and shaping of nanoscaled structures

• Andreas Landefeld and
• Joachim Rösler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1066–1070, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.118

• and plain surfaces. Another example is electrodeposition [7]. This technique enables three dimensional patterning in the nano-range by deposition of metals electrochemically. Like imprinting, electrodeposition is less suitable for direct and individual shaping of freestanding structures. Recently

Nanoscale patterning of a self-assembled monolayer by modification of the molecule–substrate bond

• Cai Shen and
• Manfred Buck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 258–267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.28

• followed by adsorption of AdSH. The appearance of Au adatom islands upon the thiol exchange suggests that the interfacial structures of BP2 and AdSH SAMs are different. Keywords: copper; electrodeposition; gold adatoms; nanolithography; negative resist; Introduction The applications of organic adsorbates

• for the electrodeposition of metals range from tuning the chemistry [1][2] to templating [3][4]. Contrasting the former where random assemblies are used, the latter relies on highly organised layers that comprise supramolecular networks [5][6] or self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) [3][4][7][8][9][10][11

• ][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Exploiting variations in the interfacial charge transfer, SAMs are convenient systems to control the electrodeposition in a potential range both negative (overpotential deposition, OPD) and positive (underpotential deposition [19], UPD) of the Nernst potential. For the

Template based precursor route for the synthesis of CuInSe₂ nanorod arrays for potential solar cell applications

• Mikhail Pashchanka,
• Jonas Bang,
• Niklas S. A. Gora,
• Ildiko Balog,
• Rudolf C. Hoffmann and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 868–874, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.98

• electrodeposition into porous alumina templates [5][6]. The nanowires were composed of 5 nm grains and had a noticeable spread in diameter values (10–30 or 25–40 nm, depending on the pore size of the used template) and lengths (0.6–5 μm). Interestingly, authors reported a preferential growth in the [112] direction

• , whereas the template-based method is commonly known for producing nanowires that are composed of smaller and randomly oriented crystal units [7]. In a similar work, Hernández-Pagán et al. switched between p-type Cu-rich and n-type In-rich CISe by changing the electrodeposition potential [8]. Thus, they

• precursors or the electrodeposition technique [11][23]. To characterize the light absorbing properties of nanorods, the UV–vis–NIR spectrometry was employed (Figure 6; note that the absorption is given in arbitrary units). The absorption starts in the UV region at λ = 210–220 nm and reaches the maximum at

Ultramicrosensors based on transition metal hexacyanoferrates for scanning electrochemical microscopy

• Maria A. Komkova,
• Angelika Holzinger,
• Andreas Hartmann,
• Alexei R. Khokhlov,
• Christine Kranz,
• Arkady A. Karyakin and
• Oleg G. Voronin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 649–654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.72

• stability have been developed. It was shown that the electrodeposition of multiple PB–Ni–HCF bilayers on UME provides a significantly enhanced stability of the electrocatalytic films for different electrode materials. UMEs modified with PB–Ni–HCF films retained more than 95% of the initial catalytic

• [18]. The electrodeposition of nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) was carried out in a non-colloid solution containing 1 mM NiCl2 and 0.5 mM K3[Fe(CN)6] with an excessive amount of supporting electrolyte (0.1 M HCl and 0.5 M KCl), while cycling the electrode potential between 0 and 0.85 V at a scan rate

Plasticity of nanocrystalline alloys with chemical order: on the strength and ductility of nanocrystalline Ni–Fe

• Jonathan Schäfer and
• Karsten Albe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 542–553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.63

• disordered Ni–Fe, prepared by electrodeposition, where the Fe content was modulated to control the grain size, an inverse Hall–Petch relationship was reported with a critical grain size around 15 nm [5]. Nc disordered Ni–Fe (5.6% Fe) with an average grain size of 10 nm showed a tensile yield strength in the

• sizes, where the grains stay ordered and the GBs act as a buffer layer. The experimentally observed disordered state of nc Ni–Fe with an Fe content of up to 28% [5] produced by electrodeposition is therefore considered to result from the route of processing, leading to a kinetically trapped disordered

Characterization and properties of micro- and nanowires of controlled size, composition, and geometry fabricated by electrodeposition and ion-track technology

• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 860–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.97

• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares Materials Research Department, GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.3.97 Abstract The combination of electrodeposition and polymeric templates created by heavy-ion irradiation followed by chemical track

• , including investigations on electrical resistivity, surface plasmon resonances, and thermal instability. Keywords: electrodeposition; etched ion-track membrane; finite-size effects; heavy ion irradiation; nanowire; radiation-induced nanostructures; Introduction During the past decade, nanowires have

• , polymerisation reactions, sol–gel template synthesis, and high-pressure injection of a melted material are examples of available techniques suitable for filling the pores. The electrodeposition of 40 nm diameter metal nanowires (Sn, In, and Zn) in etched fission tracks in mica was reported by Possin et al. back

Effect of deposition temperature on the structural and optical properties of chemically prepared nanocrystalline lead selenide thin films

• Anayara Begum,
• Amir Hussain and
• Atowar Rahman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 438–443, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.50

• ], microwave heating [9], pulsed laser deposition [10], electrochemical atomic layer epitaxy [11], and electrodeposition [12], the chemical bath deposition method [13][14] is relatively simple and cost-effective, and has the advantage that it allows control over deposition parameters such as the pH, the

The morphology of silver nanoparticles prepared by enzyme-induced reduction

• Henrik Schneidewind,
• Thomas Schüler,
• Katharina K. Strelau,
• Karina Weber,
• Dana Cialla,
• Marco Diegel,
• Roland Mattheis,
• Andreas Berger,
• Robert Möller and
• Jürgen Popp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 404–414, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.47

• , there are a number of different techniques that can be used for the synthesis of desert-rose-like structures, among them galvanic displacement processes [22], wet chemical methods [23], particle-mediated aggregation [24], or electrodeposition on photolithographically prepatterned metal islands [25]. The

Electron-beam patterned self-assembled monolayers as templates for Cu electrodeposition and lift-off

• Zhe She,
• Andrea DiFalco,
• Georg Hähner and
• Manfred Buck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 101–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.11

• using substrates with different surface morphologies, AFM measurements revealed that the roughness of the substrate is a crucial factor but not the only one determining the roughness of the copper surface that is exposed after lift-off. Keywords: electrochemical nanotechnology; electrodeposition

• deposition techniques [18], which also include evaporation [19][20], chemical vapour deposition (CVD) [21][22] and electroless deposition [22][23][24], electrodeposition [25][26][27][28] offers interesting perspectives, in particular at the nanoscale, due to the level of control over the deposition process

• control electrodeposition and adhesion of a deposit precisely, whereas an aromatic negative-resist SAM does not have this problem. Therefore, for the scheme outlined in Figure 1a, a negative-resist behaviour employing aromatic SAMs is preferred. As illustrated in Figure 1b the effect of electron

The atomic force microscope as a mechano–electrochemical pen

• Christian Obermair,
• Andreas Wagner and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 659–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.70

• tip. At the same time these results open possibilities for the controlled sequential writing of several independent nanostructures on the same substrate chip: After one copper nanostructure has been deposited and after the electrodeposition as well as the AFM scanning process has subsequently been

• Figure 3b, not one single Cu island is found outside the locations depassivated by the AFM tip during deposition. The above experiments demonstrate that electrodeposition can be induced locally with the tip of an AFM. As no potential was applied to the tip of the AFM and the experiments were reproduced

• does not lead to locally selective deposition. The scanning process, i.e., the movement of the tip relative to the sample, is necessary to induce local electrodeposition. Obviously, the scanning AFM tip mechanically activates deposition sites and/or nucleation centers for local copper deposition. A