CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• outstanding excitation and optimum charge transport in the mixture. Small-molecule materials, dyes, polymers, fullerenes, and ligands have been introduced as a third component so far. Quantum dots (QDs) are also beneficial materials for ternary solar cells. QDs and nanoparticles as zero-dimensional materials

• absorption almost coincides with the absorption spectrum of PC71BM fullerenes. It follows from this that not much can be changed in the system when it concerns the additivity of absorption. The luminescence maxima were as follows for the solid state and the solutions: 484 nm for QD480, 526 nm for QD520, 583

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• highest photothermal conversion efficiency. In addition, these materials also possess high thermal and electrical conductivity, high aspect ratio, light weight, and high mechanical strength, because of which these materials are used for photothermal applications [36]. Polyhydroxylated fullerenes were

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes and fullerenes were demonstrated to have chirality. However, the preparation of chirality-pure substrates still requires the combination of specific carbon nanostructures and homochiral functionalizations [150][151]. Protein misfolding, which may form amyloid aggregates

Tubular glassy carbon microneedles with fullerene-like tips for biomedical applications

• Sharali Malik and
• George E. Kostakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 455–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.38

• , at 20 kV) showed that the materials are only carbon with no other detectable elements. The rounded caps of the glassy carbon tubules suggest that they have characteristics of fullerenes regarding the need for pentagons in addition to hexagons to close the cap [15] (see the model of fullerene C60 in

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Growth of a self-assembled monolayer decoupled from the substrate: nucleation on-command using buffer layers

• Robby Reynaerts,
• Kunal S. Mali and
• Steven De Feyter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1291–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.113

• . Alkane buffer layers have been employed as efficient electronic decoupling platforms for studying the intrinsic electronic properties of graphene and fullerenes [38]. Apart from alkane derivatives, inorganic systems such as chemisorbed iodine layers [34][35][36][37], and ultrathin layers of KCl [39

Identification of physicochemical properties that modulate nanoparticle aggregation in blood

• Ludovica Soddu,
• Duong N. Trinh,
• Eimear Dunne,
• Dermot Kenny,
• Giorgia Bernardini,
• Ida Kokalari,
• Arianna Marucco,
• Marco P. Monopoli and
• Ivana Fenoglio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 550–567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.44

• other hand, contrasting data have been reported on the potential of isometric carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) like carbon black, fullerenes and diesel exhaust particles to induce platelet activation and NP aggregation [10][11][13]. Systemic administration of carbon black in mice resulted in fibrinogen and

• ], while platelet aggregation was observed for amorphous CNPs but not for the small-sized fullerenes [10]. Note however that limited information relating to the physicochemical properties of the materials was given in these studies, making a critical analysis of the results difficult. Moreover, while CNTs

Charge-transfer interactions between fullerenes and a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene-based metal–organic framework

• Manuel Souto,
• Joaquín Calbo,
• Samuel Mañas-Valero,
• Aron Walsh and
• Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.183

• (CT) process between the framework and the guest molecules is a crucial step towards the design of new electroactive MOFs. Herein, we present the encapsulation of fullerenes (C60) in a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based MOF. The CT process between the electron-acceptor C60 guest and the

• electron-donor TTF ligand is studied in detail by means of different spectroscopic techniques and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Importantly, gas sorption measurements demonstrate that sorption capacity is maintained after encapsulation of fullerenes, whereas the electrical conductivity is

• electrical conductivity and porosity at the same time. Fullerenes (C60) [25] have found numerous applications in different fields, ranging from molecular electronics and nanotechnology to biomedical applications, due to their exceptional electrochemical and photophysical properties [26][27]. In particular

Warped graphitic layers generated by oxidation of fullerene extraction residue and its oxygen reduction catalytic activity

• Machiko Takigami,
• Rieko Kobayashi,
• Takafumi Ishii,
• Yasuo Imashiro and
• Jun-ichi Ozaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1391–1400, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.137

• combustion method produces a large amount of fullerenes by partial thermal oxidation of hydrocarbons. The residue is essentially amorphous but should include WGLs containing a non-benzenoid structure due to some incomplete formation of fullerenes [41][42]. Our previous study on extracting nanoshell

• development in the material. Finally, we show that the WGLs are responsible for the catalytic activity of CACs. Experimental Sample preparation Nanom Black (NB-ORG) is a residual carbon found after extracting fullerenes (e.g., C60 and C70) from a fullerene soot produced by a combusting method. It is

• . Therefore, the obtained WGLs were also free from such foreign elements. Oxygen appears to play an important role in forming the five-membered rings that are necessary to construct WGLs. The reaction of fullerenes with oxygen molecules at elevated temperatures induces cage opening [48][49][50]. Furthermore

Defect formation in multiwalled carbon nanotubes under low-energy He and Ne ion irradiation

• Santhana Eswara,
• Jean-Nicolas Audinot,
• Brahime El Adib,
• Maël Guennou,
• Tom Wirtz and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1951–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.186

• keV He+ irradiation for a relatively low fluence of 8 × 1014 ions/cm2 before the sample turns amorphous [13]. Transforming graphene into fullerenes has been carried out by electron irradiation [14], and graphitic nanostripes have been obtained from SiC by MeV Ta or Pb irradiation [15]. In addition

• appearance of magnetism was reported for graphite after proton irradiation [18] and of fullerenes after the irradiation with heavy ions [19]. For the development of novel technological applications, being able to modify the structure of CNTs alone is not sufficient. It is also important to relate the

SO₂ gas adsorption on carbon nanomaterials: a comparative study

• Deepu J. Babu,
• Divya Puthusseri,
• Frank G. Kühl,
• Sherif Okeil,
• Michael Bruns,
• Manfred Hampe and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1782–1792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.169

• conditions), carbon-based adsorbents are particularly interesting for SO2 removal. In fact, activated carbon materials are one of the most widely used sorbents for SO2 recovery [1]. Over the past two decades, a rich family of different carbon nanomaterials such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• morphologies such as hollow tubes, ellipsoids or spheres. Fullerenes (C60), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers, carbon black, graphene (Gr), and carbon onions are included under the carbon-based NMs category. Laser ablation, arc discharge, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are the important

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• process is also important for the purification of pristine CNTs from amorphous carbon, fullerenes, coal, and catalyst particles by means of their production. The wet chemical method is considered to be one of the most efficient methods for purification, activation, and functionalisation of CNTs. In this

Advances in nanocarbon composite materials

• Sharali Malik,
• Arkady V. Krasheninnikov and
• Silvia Marchesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 20–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.3

• energy, and generally, to improve the quality of our lives. Since the discovery of fullerenes over thirty years ago, there has been increasing research in the area of nanocarbon materials. Research in this field was boosted first by the discovery of carbon nanotubes and then by the advent of graphene and

Towards molecular spintronics

• Georgeta Salvan and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2464–2466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.245

• [12], fullerenes [13], trimesic acid [14], or organic ferromagnets [15]. Besides the internal cooperation, the Research Unit greatly profited from excellent talks and thorough discussions with external guests joining our scientific workshops and we are happy to host six articles from our invited

Carbon nano-onions as fluorescent on/off modulated nanoprobes for diagnostics

• Stefania Lettieri,
• Marta d’Amora,
• Adalberto Camisasca,
• Alberto Diaspro and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1878–1888, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.188

• 10.3762/bjnano.8.188 Abstract Multishell fullerenes, known as carbon nano-onions (CNOs), have emerged as a platform for bioimaging because of their cell-penetration properties and minimal systemic toxicity. Here, we describe the covalent functionalization of CNOs with a π-extended distyryl-substituted

• sensing applications [7], multishell fullerenes, known as carbon nano-onions (CNOs) [8][9], prepared by thermal annealing of detonation nanodiamonds (d-NDs) [10], are an attractive class of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) for imaging, diagnostic and therapeutic applications, due to their unique properties

Oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and carbon nanofibers containing graphene oxide (GO): a spectroscopic and electrochemical study

• İlknur Gergin,
• Ezgi Ismar and
• A. Sezai Sarac

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1616–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.161

• interior pores filled with electrolyte. Keywords: carbon nanofiber; graphene oxide; oxidized polyacrylonitrile (PAN); Introduction Carbon nanofibers are of great interest because of their chemical similarity to fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanofibers (CNF) have promising electrochemical and

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

• Suneel Kumar,
• Ashish Kumar,
• Ashish Bahuguna,
• Vipul Sharma and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159

• of the most abundant elements on the earth. In the past two decades, carbon-based materials such as graphene, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), fullerenes and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been explored for various applications such as Li-ion batteries [22], supercapacitors [23], energy storage [24

A nanocomplex of C₆₀ fullerene with cisplatin: design, characterization and toxicity

• Svitlana Prylutska,
• Svitlana Politenkova,
• Kateryna Afanasieva,
• Volodymyr Korolovych,
• Kateryna Bogutska,
• Andriy Sivolob,
• Larysa Skivka,
• Maxim Evstigneev,
• Viktor Kostjukov,
• Yuriy Prylutskyy and
• Uwe Ritter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1494–1501, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.149

• , increase solubility in bioavailable form and protect Cis from degradation [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The carbon allotrope С60 fullerene could act as such a potent agent. Pristine C60 fullerenes have no acute or sub-acute toxicity in vitro [10][11][12] and in vivo [13] (at least at low physiological

• concentrations), exerting strong antioxidant properties due to their high activity as free radical acceptors [14][15]. Water-soluble pristine С60 fullerenes penetrate through plasma membranes and are located in the central part of tumor cells [16]. Thereby, C60 fullerenes can be used for treatment of cancer [17

• % Tween 80 aqueous solution no positive mutagenic response was observed up to the dose of 1 mg/plate with any tester strain in the bacterial genotoxicity tests in vitro and in vivo [28]. The aqueous suspension of C60 fullerenes caused positive responses in two bacterial genotoxicity tests, namely the

Adsorption characteristics of Er₃N@C₈₀on W(110) and Au(111) studied via scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy

• Sebastian Schimmel,
• Zhixiang Sun,
• Danny Baumann,
• Denis Krylov,
• Nataliya Samoylova,
• Alexey Popov,
• Bernd Büchner and
• Christian Hess

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1127–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.114

• ), a comparatively strong bond to the endohedral fullerenes inhibited the formation of ordered monolayer islands. In contrast, the Au(111)-surface provides a sufficiently high mobility for the molecules to arrange in monolayer islands after annealing. Interestingly, the fullerenes modify the

• ; scanning tunnelling microscopy; scanning tunnelling spectroscopy; W(110); Introduction Fullerenes provide the feasibility of tunable physical properties by their capacity to encapsulate atoms or clusters inside the carbon cage [1][2]. Thus since their discovery in 1985 they excite great attention of the

• scientific community. Sustained efforts on the synthesis of endohedral fullerenes led to the trimetallic nitride template (TNT) process and consequently to the creation of the class of trimetallic nitride endohedral fullerenes in 1999, which can be produced in a sufficiently high yield for experimental

Stable Au–C bonds to the substrate for fullerene-based nanostructures

• Taras Chutora,
• Jesús Redondo,
• Bruno de la Torre,
• Martin Švec,
• Pavel Jelínek and
• Héctor Vázquez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1073–1079, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.109

• tunneling microscope. These features are stable at room temperature against diffusion on the surface. We carry out DFT calculations of fullerene molecules having one missing carbon atom to simulate the vacancies in the molecules resulting from the sputtering process. These modified fullerenes have an

• vacancies. This provides a pathway for the formation of fullerene-based nanostructures on Au at room temperature. Keywords: Au–C bonds; density functional theory (DFT); fullerenes; scanning tunneling microscopy (STM); sputtering; Introduction In single-molecule electronics, the active element in an

• molecules are appealing since they feature weak spin–orbit interaction and long spin lifetimes [2][3]. The large pool of organic molecules opens the possibility of almost unlimited functionalities given the right molecular design [4]. Fullerenes are particularly well-studied molecules. Since their discovery

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

• Michelle Romero-Franco,
• Hilary A. Godwin,
• Muhammad Bilal and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

• greater than 60 m2/cm3, or it is a material that consists of fullerenes, graphene flakes or single wall carbon nanotubes. For materials considered to be nano-relevant, the SPM tool can be used to develop scores representing levels of concern for the following parameters: potential effect (W), potential

• product/system while RA provides an assessment a particular substance or component of a complex material. Hischier et al. [40] reviewed LCA case studies of several ENMs (e.g., CNTs, single walled CNTs, fullerenes, quantum dots and TiO2) and nano-enabled products (e.g., dye containing nano-TiO2 and carbon

Energy-level alignment at interfaces between manganese phthalocyanine and C₆₀

• Daniel Waas,
• Florian Rückerl,
• Martin Knupfer and
• Bernd Büchner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 927–932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.94

• and an appropriate electron acceptor is a crucial process. Often, fullerenes (C60) and their derivatives are used as acceptor materials. Amongst the transition-metal phthalocyanines MnPc is exceptional in some respects. Due to the participation of manganese 3d orbitals to the molecular electronic

Investigation of growth dynamics of carbon nanotubes

• Marianna V. Kharlamova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 826–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.85

• these synthesis procedures can be found in previous reviews [5][6][16][17]. The synthesis methods of SWCNTs include also the growth of tubes inside the outer SWCNTs. The inner tubes can be formed inside SWCNTs filled with molecules of fullerenes, metallocenes, acetylacetonates and other precursors, as

Modeling adsorption of brominated, chlorinated and mixed bromo/chloro-dibenzo-p-dioxins on C₆₀ fullerene using Nano-QSPR

• Piotr Urbaszek,
• Agnieszka Gajewicz,
• Celina Sikorska,
• Maciej Haranczyk and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 752–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.78

• , 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel 2, 28906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.8.78 Abstract Many technological implementations in the field of nanotechnology have involved carbon nanomaterials, including fullerenes such as the buckminsterfullerene, C60. The

• (AhR) toxicity mechanism. Therefore, the effectiveness of fullerenes as sorbent agents may be underestimated as sorption could be less effective for toxic congeners than previously believed. Keywords: brominated; chlorinated; dioxins; fullerenes; QSPR; sorption; Introduction Dioxin congeners are

• concentrations. Aromatic structures render fullerenes as good acceptors of π-electrons. On the other hand, aromatic systems like halogenated dioxins are classified as π-donors [20]. Recent studies have proved that halogens, such as bromine or chlorine, have a more positive region on the surface opposite to the X