Formation of nanoflowers: Au and Ni silicide cores surrounded by SiO_x branches

• Feitao Li,
• Siyao Wan,
• Dong Wang and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.14

• annealed at 1050 °C was named 15Au5Ni. The morphology was imaged by optical microscopy (OM, Zeiss Axiotech) and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM, Hitachi S-4800) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS, Thermo Scientific). The SEM images were recorded by using mixed

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• a sample and on two samples made in the same conditions. To evaluate the surface composition and oxidation state, XPS was used. The XPS measurements were carried out on a PHI 5000 VersaProbe using a monochromatic Al Kα X-ray source (1486.6 eV). The high-resolution spectra were recorded with a pass

Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning

• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hong-Sheng Chan,
• Chia-Li Liao,
• Che-Wei Chang and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4

• to allow high-resolution patterning over a large area. In addition to standard lithographic operations using this approach, the CLL process can also be applied to create functional molecular patterns by backfilling post lift-off regions with various molecules [20][21][22]. Interestingly, the CLL

• can be exploited to achieve nanoscale patterns using microscale features on a stamp. Importantly, the lateral diffusion-free CLL process should maintain tiny gap features without hassles of random molecular movements and high resolution patterns are expected after this operation. We anticipate two

• transferred to the underlying Au substrate for metallic structure creation. Relying on the integration of delicate stamp collapsing controls and the lateral diffusion-free CLL operation, this strategy produces unique necklace-like structures rendering high resolution and sharp edges. They can be transferred

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• stacked configuration [19]. When CuPc is on top of PTCDA, the interface state can still be observed [19], and CuPc has a strong bond to the underlying PTCDA layer [20]. In this paper, we present STM and AFM data of P2C and PC phases on Ag(111), concentrating on the PC phase. The high-resolution AFM allows

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• received from Sigma-Aldrich and OCSiAl, respectively, and used without further purification. Riboflavin (98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar and used as received. Sephacryl S-200 High Resolution was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich. Preparation of dispersion of riboflavin-wrapped SWCNTs 40 mg of SWCNT powder was

• such as melanoma, luminal 45 A breast cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma. Riboflavin-covered SWCNTs have immense potential in detecting tumors since riboflavin is selectively attached to the riboflavin carrier protein in the tumor cells while the photoluminescence increased by SWCNTs allows for high

• -resolution imaging of specific tissues [29]. Notably, single-step extraction of carbon nanotubes in an aqueous media without surfactants or organic additives can significantly shorten the path from industrial or laboratory reactors to in vitro and in vivo biomedical research and further. Conclusion We

Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• polymer film thickness, which is just 3 nm. After electric measurements, a number of heterostructures was sent for analysis by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy. None of the studied samples showed a systematic ‘sticking’ of lead electrodes through the

• side view microphotographs made by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy occasionally reveal some macroscopic features such as lead electrode shortcuts through the polymer film (Figure 2c). These defects are episodic, and their character does not resemble the ‘melting through’ of the PDP

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

• times with DI water, and dried overnight at 60 °C. The commercially available HBN was used as a control sample. Characterization techniques A Rigaku Smart Lab high-resolution X-ray diffractometer (HR-XRD) equipped with a HyPix-3000 detector and Cu anode emitting Kα radiation was employed to obtain the

• crystallographic characterization. The morphology of the obtained nanostructures was captured by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, Talos F200X G2, Thermo Scientific). The optical properties were characterized with a Shimadzu UV 2600 UV–vis spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere

• attachment using BaSO4 as the standard. The electronic arrangement of the studied materials was revealed through a PHI 5000 versa probe III high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (HR-XPS). The mineralization efficiency was estimated through the variation in the total organic carbon content by using

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• (HCX APO L 63x/0.90 W U-V-I, Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar) with 63-fold magnification directly after submergence and after two weeks. Using the total reflection of the laser light at the air–water interface this method allowed us to analyze the shape of the air–water interface at high resolution. The

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• ultrapure water. The results are reported as the mean of three separate measurements ± the standard deviation (SD). The morphological characterization was performed using a high-resolution TecnaiG2 F20 XTWIN TEM with a 200 kV accelerating voltage. NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian 500 MHz spectrometer

Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

• Roopakala Kottayi,
• Ilangovan Veerappan and
• Ramadasse Sittaramane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1337–1344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.110

• QDSCs. Physical characterization The crystalline structure and size of the synthesized QDs were examined by X-ray diffraction (Riganku Ultima IV XRD spectrometer with nickel-filtered Cu Kα radiation with a step width of 0.02°) High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was carried out on a JEOL

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• (SEM, FEI Quanta 3D FEG) at an acceleration voltage of 15.0 kV. An EDS system attached to the SEM was employed to analyze the chemical composition. TEM, high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images, and SAED measurements were carried out in an FEI Tecnai G2-20 S-TWIN operated at 200 kV in a bright-field (BF) TEM

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• top surface of the laser-processed Ti6Al4V sample through structural color effects, that is, optical diffraction of the ambient light at the sub-micrometric grating-like LIPSS. High-resolution optical microscopy (OM) confirmed the presence of LSFL-LIPSS with average spatial periods Λ between 700 and

• [16]). (b) Photography of the cosmopolitan feather-legged lace weaver Uloborus plumipes (body size up to 0.6 cm [17]). (c) Scanning electron micrograph of the calamistrum of Jamberoo johnnoblei (body size up to 0.8 cm [18]). (d) FIB-cut high resolution SEM image through the nanoripples on the

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• resolution and durability or wear and tear and conductivity requirements must be considered before selecting a probe. Metal-coated probes are generally suitable for high-resolution or high conductivity test experiments. Metal nanoclusters adsorbed on two-dimensional materials grown on metal substrates are an

• have large aspect ratios and good wear resistance. They thus can better avoid artefacts and more accurately reflect the proper shape of the sample at steep locations, making them suitable for high-resolution test experiments. However, previous methods to fabricate carbon nanotube probes are complicated

• Figure 1a and Figure 1b, the F(z) curve and the high-resolution NC-AFM image were used as criteria to test the conditions of the constructed nano-tip. It can be seen from the Figure 1 that the tip remains intact, and the atomic and molar periodicity in the images is resolved with high quality. This work

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• electrodes for (1) the anode and (2) the cathode. (f) Infrared spectra of g-PDA near (1) the anode and (2) the cathode. (g) High-resolution C 1s spectra of the g-PDA film for (1) the anode and (2) the cathode. Figure 8e–g were reprinted with permission from [84], Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society

Rapid fabrication of MgO@g-C₃N₄ heterojunctions for photocatalytic nitric oxide removal

• Minh-Thuan Pham,
• Duyen P. H. Tran,
• Xuan-Thanh Bui and
• Sheng-Jie You

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1141–1154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.96

• properties of the materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) were used to assess the morphology of the materials. The crystal phase of the materials was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with a measurement range of 10°–80°. Fourier

• -transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to determine the chemical bond composition of the materials. Differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) determined the change in the bandgap of the materials. The elements of the materials were identified by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles toward highly efficient photocatalysis and antibacterial application

• Vo Thi Thu Nhu,
• Nguyen Duy Dat,
• Le-Minh Tam and
• Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1108–1119, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.94

• electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The fabricated ZnO NP samples are crystalline with a grain size of 30–100 nm. The ZnO NPs were used as catalysts for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) under visible and UV light. The results indicate

• (XRD) using a Bruker D8 advanced X-ray diffractometer equipped with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5418 Å). The morphology and size of the synthesized material were determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) on a Hitachi S-4800 at 15 kV and high-resolution transmission electron

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation

• Chen-chen Hao,
• Fang-yan Chen,
• Kun Bian,
• Yu-bin Tang and
• Wei-long Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91

• , FEI-quanta 200, Japan Electronics, Japan), transmission electron microscopy (TEM, FEI-Tecnai F20, USA) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, JEOL 2100F, Japan). The element valence and chemical composition was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Axis ultra

• BOM-20 composites. In the high-resolution spectrum of Fe 2p (Figure 4b), peaks at 725.2 and 711.4 eV are ascribed to Fe 2p1/2 and 2p3/2, respectively, implying the existence of Fe–O bonds [37]. The difference of binding energy between these two peaks is 13.9 eV, suggesting the presence of Fe3+ in BOM

• ) MIL101(Fe) and (b, c) BOM-20. (d) HRTEM image of BOM-20. (e) HAADF-STEM image of BOM-20 and the corresponding elemental maps of (f) Fe, (g) O, and (h) Bi. (a) XPS survey spectra of BOM-20 and high-resolution XPS spectra of (b) Fe 2p; (c) Bi 4f; and (d) C 1s. (a) UV–vis spectra, (b) PL spectra, (c

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• high-resolution spectrum lie at 367.9 and 373.9 eV, respectively, with a splitting of 6 eV (Figure 6a), indicating the elemental oxidation state of Ag metal [28][33]. The Co 2p high-resolution spectrum has two primary peaks assigned to 2p1/2 and 2p3/2 at 797.3 and 781.3 eV, respectively, as well as two

• satellite peaks at 802.2 and 785.1 eV (Figure 6b). The peak difference between 2p1/2 and 2p3/2 and the satellite peak assignment represent the existence of cobalt atoms in Co2+ and Co3+ chemical states [34]. Likewise, the high-resolution spectrum of copper displayed Cu 2p1/2 and Cu 2p3/2 binding energies at

• of ACC-2. High-resolution XP spectra (a) Ag 3d, (b) Co 2p, (c) Cu 2p, and (d) O 1s of ACC-2. Stability of ACC-2. (a) CV curves and (b) LSV curves before and after 10,000 continuous cycles in O2-saturated 0.1 M KOH electrolyte. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 70: Experimental

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

• Leonie Saccardi,
• Franz Brümmer,
• Jonas Schiebl,
• Oliver Schwarz,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

• studied using a SEM (Hitachi S-4800, Hitachi High-Technologies Corp., Tokyo, Japan) at 3 kV accelerating voltage. Images of the spoon-shaped mandible tip were taken systematically and later assembled into one high resolution image. Higher magnified pictures were taken in characteristic areas of the

Hierachical epicuticular wax coverage on leaves of Deschampsia antarctica as a possible adaptation to severe environmental conditions

• Elena V. Gorb,
• Iryna A. Kozeretska and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 807–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.71

• . antarctica plant, which are usually exposed to the environment, using cryo scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) allowing for a high-resolution imaging of frozen and fractured samples in native condition, that is, without treatment in strong solvents, such as ethanol or acetone, usually needed in the

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• using a reference to the peak of the surface adventitious carbon (284.8 eV) in the high-resolution spectrum of the C 1s region. The N2 adsorption−desorption isotherms were recorded at −196 °C on a Micromeritics ASAP 2020 analyzer, while the specific surface area and pore distribution curve were

• homogeneous suspension. The suspension was then dropped onto an Al foil to be observed via field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and onto a carbon-supported copper grid for examination via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM

• , and W. The high-resolution XPS spectrum of the Bi 4f region (Figure 5a) shows two peaks at 164.1 and 158.8 eV, which are indexed to the binding energies of Bi 4f5/2 and Bi 4f7/2, respectively, proving the existence of Bi(III) in Bi2WO6 [44]. The high-resolution XPS spectrum of the W 4f region (Figure

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• an acceleration voltage of 15 kV. The morphological characteristics of the electrodeposited ERGO were obtained by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, model: LEO 430i, Carl Zeiss) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (model: Tecnai G2 30ST, FEI) operating at 300 kV

• transparency due to the exfoliation of stacking layers of GO. This suggests an increased surface area due to delamination of graphene layers (thickness of about one to a few layers) by electrochemical reduction. The high-resolution TEM of ERGO shows a d-spacing of 0.413 nm (Figure 3E), indicating a reduced

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• atmosphere, the ZnxCoy–C/CNT composite was obtained and further chemically etched with 1 M of H2SO4 solution before use. Material characterization Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (JEOL, JSM-7000F) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM, JEOL, JEM-2100F) with EDS were used to examine the morphologies and

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• atomic pair distribution function based on electron diffraction. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy results revealed the existence of a core–shell structure, lattice distortion, interstitial atoms, and atomic vacancies in NaxTi1−xO2, which is critical for an excellent photocatalytic

• , the Na doping in the Ti site will destroy the local atomic arrangement of the brookite phase and produce some microstructures. Figure 6a displays a typical high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) image of the sample calcinated at 400 °C, oriented at the [121]Brookite zone axis. The

• wafer pasted on an aluminum sample holder by a carbon conducting resin. The EDX spectra were acquired from individual morphologies or grains in the samples. Electron diffraction and high-resolution imaging experiments were carried out on a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (JEOL JEM-2100