Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• +/Ce4+ ratio, the antioxidant activities of cerium nanomaterials can be flexibly designed to serve specific purposes. Table 1 provides an overview of metal-based nanoantioxidants and their features. Application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare Inflammatory diseases Inflammation

• is a complex biological process occurring in response to harmful stimuli causing injury to healthy tissue. Oxidative stress resulting from a high level of ROS is one of the key contributors to inflammation [92][93]. Therefore, balancing the ROS level via antioxidant supplementation is a promising

• delivery to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury kidneys [104][105]. Neutrophils play a vital role in resolving inflammation, tissue repair, and initiating I/R-induced acute kidney injury progression. Moreover, I/R injury is characterized by a massive influx of neutrophils, which highly contribute to the

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• inflammation, and lesions [49]. The intermittent administration of BNZ-NC at 75 mg/kg (975 mg/kg TD) to a chronic murine model was also tested; it was as equally effective (parasite load, T. cruzi-specific antibodies levels, degree of fibrosis, frequency of IFN-γ producing cells, and improvement of

• electrocardiographic alteration) as intermittent free BNZ at 100 mg/kg (1300 mg/kg TD). BNZ-NC induced a 57% reduction in cardiac inflammation but failed to overcome the more significant reduction provided with intermittent free BNZ [51]. Overall, employing intermittent and lower cumulative doses of BNZ-NC, the

• strain; 466-fold lower dose than oral free BNZ with 1400 mg/kg TD), caused no detectable hepatotoxicity, and completely abrogated the weight loss. BNZ-PS, but not free BNZ, significantly reduced the number of parasites in the heart and the inflammation. In 2005, ultra-low doses of pH-sensitive

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• treatment of central nervous system disorders [2], digestive system diseases [3], cancer, diabetes, inflammation, and infections. Nevertheless, BBR has a low bioavailability due to its poor water solubility, which imposes a regular intake of BBR drugs at a high dose. Recently, innovative technologies have

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti-bacterial, immunostimulatory, and hepatotoxic protection properties [87][88][89]. Because of that, it has been used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation and pain [90]. Mohamed et al. [91] reported that bee venom administered in infected mice reduces worm burden, ova

• . The nanoparticles avoided weight gain in infected mice, increased glutathione levels, and reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers. This work showed that selenium nanoparticles were even more effective than PZQ, reducing inflammation signs in jejunal tissue and tissue injury levels similarly to

Elasticity, an often-overseen parameter in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1149–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.95

• surface modification, leading to a prolonged pulmonary retention of dexamethasone-loaded nanoparticulate drug carriers for the treatment of acute pulmonary inflammation [39]. This is in accordance with a study from Zheng et al. where crosslinked insulin-loaded hydrogel zwitterionic nanoparticles with

• overruling material properties. The tissue distribution can be important regarding active and passive targeting of different tissues, such as tumors or inflammation sites. It also gives an idea about possible side effects as high nanoparticle concentration usually correlates with high drug concentration

Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• stimulate and interact with cell receptors to support binding and subsequent physiological responses of multicellular systems have attracted much interest in the last years. This holds especially true for materials that exhibit microbial repellence or antimicrobial behaviour to reduce inflammation, while at

Nanostructured lipid carriers containing benznidazole: physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and cellular in vitro studies

• Giuliana Muraca,
• María Esperanza Ruiz,
• Rocío C. Gambaro,
• Sebastián Scioli-Montoto,
• María Laura Sbaraglini,
• Gisel Padula,
• José Sebastián Cisneros,
• Cecilia Yamil Chain,
• Vera A. Álvarez,
• Cristián Huck-Iriart,
• Guillermo R. Castro,
• María Belén Piñero,
• Matias Ildebrando Marchetto,
• Catalina Alba Soto,
• Germán A. Islan and
• Alan Talevi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 804–818, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.66

• nanoparticles could accumulate in the site of inflammation delivering the drug in the surroundings of their molecular target. In addition, nanocarriers may pass through the cell membrane via endocytosis to avoid BNZ efflux via the P-glycoprotein efflux pump [14][15][16], thus delivering the drug more

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• also contribute to the spread of infections through blood-borne infectious agents and organisms, leading to increased inflammation and tissue swelling due to the extravasation of plasma proteins and blood clotting proteins. There are also reports regarding the toxic effects of NPs on cells. Duan et al

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• inflammation, the 4T1 breast cancer cell membrane was coated with NPs loaded with succinobucol (SCB), which protected brain cells from ischemia and reperfusion injury. In transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat models, the biomimetic NPs showed preferential accumulation in the ischemic

• of DXM to inflammatory regions via the cancer cell membrane-expressed adhesion receptor CD44, which inhibits the expression of inflammation-related components [25]. Furthermore, the highly expressed PD-L1 and CD155 on the cancer cell membrane inhibited the co-receptors PD-1 and TIGHT, thereby

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• entire cardiac output, but successful lung localization of nanocarriers depends upon NP interaction with the endothelial cells. Lung endothelial cells are an important target for drugs and gene delivery as they are involved in processes such as inflammation, vascular permeability, and tumor growth. Also

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• . This result is consistent with Park et al. [45], who reported that the size of AgNPs is an important factor in cytotoxicity, inflammation, and genotoxicity. In this sense, AgNPs have been shown to induce cytotoxicity through apoptosis and necrosis in different cell lines [46]. Microscopic analysis

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• Health Organization, at least 2.2 billion people suffer from near or distance vision problems [14]. The most common factors that contribute to more or less severe vision loss include unaddressed refractive error, inflammation of the cornea, sclera and iris, conjunctivitis [15], dry eye syndrome [16

• retinal inflammation is the most commonly described. In order to minimize tissue damage, reduce the disruption of the membrane continuity, eliminate the risk of pathogens infections, ensure faster regeneration and improve the overall safety, the tendency to minimize the size of the needles became a

• and inflammation at the administration site, which may result in further discomfort and pain. One of the most appropriate directions seems to be the design of patches with easily detachable or dissolving microneedles. This is due to the fact that leaving the patch on the surface of the eye for a long

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• urgently requires new material concepts for preventing microbial infestation and biofilm formation. Thus, materials exhibiting microbial repellence or antimicrobial behaviour to reduce inflammation, while selectively enhancing regeneration in host tissues are of utmost interest. In this context, protein

• interactions plays a critical role in many biological processes including embryogenesis, development of neuronal tissue, hemostasis, immune response, and inflammation [9]. The adhesive interactions of cells between each other and with ECM proteins (often of specific molecular nature), have important key

• biological functions, including embryogenesis, maintenance of tissue integrity, immune response, and inflammation. Integrins consist of two subunits, α- and β- chains, spanning the cell membrane and forming the receptor in the plasma membrane, characterized by noncovalent interactions [10]. Integrins bind to

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• of loaded FITC-albumin [18]. Regarding the inhibition of serine proteases and inflammation, AAT, the most abundant inhibitor of serine proteases in human plasma, regulates the proteolytic activity of secreted proteases and is involved in the acute anti-inflammatory response against inflammatory

• mediators [19]. Interestingly, it was revealed that subjects with AAT deficiency suffer from increased activation of neutrophils, levels of cytokines, and inflammation, and that AAT administration can slow down a decrease in insulin production during diabetes [20][21]. A few poly (ᴅ,ʟ-lactide-co-glycolide

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• expression profile of articular cartilage pose important challenges for TE. 3 Cartilage TE OA is a prevalent joint disease characterized by mechanical instability of the joints, cartilage destruction, subchondral bone thickening, inflammation of the synovium, osteophyte formation, degeneration of ligaments

• for cartilage tissue regeneration because it can respond to external magnetic fields and specifically relocate to the defective cartilage to resurface the injured site [62]. Initial OA is a slow, complex process characterized by the inflammation and subsequent production of cartilage degradation

• injured cartilage [66]. On the other hand, p38 MAPK inhibitor-loaded nanostructures exhibited excellent retention at the target site for up to two months and decreased inflammation and joint destruction in two different mouse models [67]. Silymarin (SM)-loaded PLGA NPs were investigated for improving

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• successfully neutralized, as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, these nanoparticles limited the generation of abnormal body fluid and reduced venom-induced inflammation more efficiently than existing anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin and indomethacin [120]. Thus, TiO2, along with

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• biocompatibility of NPs-PMA at a given dose and treatment time. Cells undergo oxidative stress upon treatment with functionalized MFe2O4 NPs Generation of ROS has been associated with DNA damage, inflammation, apoptosis and senescence in cells [41]. The 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2-DCFDA) assay

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• normal and abnormal cells [4], which leads to systemic toxicity that triggers hair loss, loss of appetite, immunosuppression, and inflammation [3]. These side effects can be severe enough to significantly impact the efficacy of a given treatment, while also causing high patient discomfort [5]. Low drug

The preparation temperature influences the physicochemical nature and activity of nanoceria

• Robert A. Yokel,
• Wendel Wohlleben,
• Johannes Georg Keller,
• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Jason M. Unrine,
• D. Allan Butterfield and
• Eric A. Grulke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 525–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.43

• nanoceria material, NM-212, produced by Umicore, has been studied to address the OECD objective. Pulmonary NM-212 exposure for up to 90 days in rats resulted in pulmonary inflammation and genotoxicity with little evidence of clearance [4][5][6][7][8]. The European Union funded a comprehensive two-year whole

• have adverse consequences and raised the question whether its method of preparation and solubility are contributing factors. In contrast to the results with NM-212, other nanoceria have been demonstrated to have therapeutic potential for multiple conditions with an oxidative stress/inflammation

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• [37] and chemicals, and to evaluate nano–bio interactions. The exposure of nanomaterials (NM) to the environment is reported to have detrimental effects on human lungs. Pulmonary inflammation was reported in C57BL/6N mice exposed to zinc oxide (ZnO) (size of nanoparticles functionalized with

• triethoxycaprylylsilane: 130 nm, size of non-functionalized nanoparticles: 100 nm). Conversely, mice exposed to 100 mg/mL of Ag NM (<20 nm) exhibited no adverse effects on the lungs [38]. Also, anatase TiO2 NM was reported to induce pulmonary inflammation in mice models [39]. Kim et al. reported that male Sprague-Dawley

• silkworms to nanoparticles in order to understand the interaction between NPs and silkworms. The effects of nanomaterials on the environment and on human and animal health. (A) Nanomaterial waste; (B) fumes and gases from factories; (C) inflammation of the lungs after inhalation of gases/fumes or when in

Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system

• Hiroaki Komuro,
• Masahiro Yamazoe,
• Kosuke Nozaki,
• Akiko Nagai and
• Tetsuo Sasano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1685–1692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.150

• acquisition at inflammation sites. Further studies regarding the role of CaSR and its downstream signaling pathways in HL-1 cells are required. Although the HAp-based vector used here has a low transfection efficiency, it has already been used as a gene delivery system in in vivo cancer research experiments

Selective detection of complex gas mixtures using point contacts: concept, method and tools

• Alexander P. Pospelov,
• Victor I. Belan,
• Dmytro O. Harbuz,
• Volodymyr L. Vakula,
• Lyudmila V. Kamarchuk,
• Yuliya V. Volkova and
• Gennadii V. Kamarchuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1631–1643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.146

• activity by decreasing their glucose consumption and stimulating its arrival to other organs. Cortisol prevents the secretion of substances in the organism that can cause inflammation [53]. At the same time, a high level of cortisol inhibits the immune system and worsens the ability of the organism to

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• does not completely cover the nanoparticles. Their results indicated that opsonization has no influence on macrophage recognition [58], and that the activation of the kinin–kallikrein system, which influences inflammation, blood pressure, coagulation, and pain, has no influence on tumor microvascular

• , structurally, and metabolically. Uchiyama et al. studied the toxicity of ultrasmall (7 nm) cationic iron oxide particles. They found that at a dose of 10 mg/kg, the ethylamine-coated particles did not induce hemorrhage, clots, inflammation or biochemical imbalance in rats in vivo and ex vivo experiments [157

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41