Ni, Co, Zn, and Cu metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for electrochemical reduction of CO₂: A review

• Ha Huu Do and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 904–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.74

• metal ion doping in ZIF-8, aiming to enhance the performance of CO2 conversion, as recently reported (Figure 4a). Cho et al. revealed that Cu-doped ZIF-8 exhibited the highest catalytic activity, surpassing both Fe- and Ni-doped ZIF-8 [44]. Specifically, Cu0.5Zn0.5/ZIF-8 yielded a large FECO of 88.5% at

• /by/4.0/). (a) A graphic representation of the preparation of MzZny/ZIF-8, (b) Faradaic efficiency for the CO production using different materials, (c) diagram of free energy for CO2RR. Figure 4 was adapted from [44], J. H. Cho et al., “Transition Metal Ion Doping on ZIF-8 Enhances the Electrochemical

Ultralow-energy amorphization of contaminated silicon samples investigated by molecular dynamics

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 834–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.68

• , Luxembourg Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA 10.3762/bjnano.14.68 Abstract Ion beam processes related to focused ion beam milling, surface patterning, and secondary ion mass spectrometry require precision and control. Quality and cleanliness of the sample are also crucial factors

• . Furthermore, several domains of nanotechnology and industry use nanoscaled samples that need to be controlled to an extreme level of precision. To reduce the irradiation-induced damage and to limit the interactions of the ions with the sample, low-energy ion beams are used because of their low implantation

• depths. Yet, low-energy ion beams come with a variety of challenges. When such low energies are used, the residual gas molecules in the instrument chamber can adsorb on the sample surface and impact the ion beam processes. In this paper we pursue an investigation on the effects of the most common

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• values up to 140 min. Throughout the synthesis process, the λmax values showed a slight increase, which confirms the critical role of reaction time in the synthesis of stable nanocomposites. To assess the impact of silver ion concentration, ratios of silver ions to gel in the range of 0.1–0.7 (w/w) were

• in the absorbance value in the UV–vis spectra. Minor changes in λmax values were noted from the absorption data, indicating a slight influence of the silver-ion-to-nanocomposite ratio on the physicochemical properties of the synthesized AgNPs. Considering these findings, two ratios of silver ions to

• (left) and plots of absorbance and wavelength (λmax) data (right) recorded as a function of temperature (A and B), reaction time (C and D) and the ratio of silver ion to blank Lac/Alg (E and F). Zeta potentials (A) and size distribution obtained from DLS measurements (B) of AgNPs@Lac/Alg with different

In situ magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of a Ge@C composite for high-performance lithium-ion batterie anodes

• Ha Tran Huu,
• Ngoc Phi Nguyen,
• Vuong Hoang Ngo,
• Huy Hoang Luc,
• Minh Kha Le,
• Minh Thu Nguyen,
• My Loan Phung Le,
• Hye Rim Kim,
• In Young Kim,
• Sung Jin Kim,
• Van Man Tran and
• Vien Vo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 751–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.62

• report an in situ magnesiothermic reduction to synthesize a composite of Ge@C as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The obtained electrode delivered a specific capacity of 454.2 mAh·g−1 after 200 cycles at a specific current of 1000 mA·g−1. The stable electrochemical performance and good rate

• contact formation during in situ synthesis. Keywords: Ge anode; in situ synthesis; lithium-ion batteries; magnesiothermic reduction; Introduction The significantly increasing energy consumption leads to the exhaustion of fossil fuel sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Additionally, there are

• number of electric vehicles (EVs) [5][6]. The most important component of EVs are suitable energy storage systems, the further development of which will be key to a more widespread use of this kind of transportation [7]. Commercialized first by Sony company, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and related

The microstrain-accompanied structural phase transition from h-MoO₃ to α-MoO₃ investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction

• Zeqian Zhang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Minting Luo and
• Zhenfei Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 692–700, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.55

• , making them multifunctional electronic and optical materials for applications in ion batteries [3][4], lubricants [5], gas detectors [6][7], photochromism [8][9], photocatalysis [10][11], and superconductors [12][13]. The molybdenum oxide MoO3 can crystalize into several structures, including α-MoO3 [14

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• more accessible excited states of the ligand to the suitable metal energy level. The “antenna effect”, which is the name given to this coupling, causes a significant rise in luminescence [85]. Particularly, the lanthanide ion emits its distinctive luminescence as a result of being indirectly activated

• behaviour [86]. The metal ion can have different levels of impact on the emission depending on the electronic structure of the metal and the relative energy of the metal and linker orbitals. To develop luminescent MOFs, a variety of transition metals have also been combined with different ligands. Note that

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• culture medium and used immediately for gel synthesis. In parallel, the gel precursor was prepared from 37% (v/v) commercial sodium silicate, which was ion-exchanged using a custom-made acidic ion exchange column. After ion exchange, the resulting silica precursor was mixed with LUDOX® TMA silica

Mixed oxides with corundum-type structure obtained from recycling can seals as paint pigments: color stability

• Dienifer F. L. Horsth,
• Julia de O. Primo,
• Nayara Balaba,
• Fauze J. Anaissi and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 467–477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.37

• assignment is based on the intrinsic light absorption characteristics of the pigment due to the presence of a chromophore ion [8]. Different transition metals such as V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu have been used for this purpose [9]. Using inorganic compounds in the synthesis tends to increase the chemical

• to use chromium as a coloring ion to obtain the same color result, without using toxic precursors. Remarkably, iron oxide red belongs to the class of yellow, red, and brown ocher, whose color depends on the crystallographic phase [11]. The hematite phase (α-Fe2O3) is the most stable, and its shade

• band from 600 nm. Reflection bands become more pronounced and defined with increasing colorant ion concentration (Figure S4, Supporting Information File 1). Pigment application Colorimetry The colorimetric parameters of the samples after dispersion in commercial white paint and application on plaster

Evaluation of electrosynthesized reduced graphene oxide–Ni/Fe/Co-based (oxy)hydroxide catalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction

• Karolina Cysewska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Marcin Zając,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 420–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.34

• slopes reveal a similar trend as the OER η: the higher Qdep of NiFe in NiFe-GO, the lower the slope (valid for Qdep < 200 mC). Any change or deterioration of the OER catalytic activity of NiFe-GO for Qdep > 200 mC may be due to the overgrow of deposited NiFe, which begins to block the ion and electron

• of the catalyst surface and the ion and electron transport became inhibited. The value of Cdl/ECSA for NiFe-GO(100–300 mC) progressively increased as the deposition charge of GO in NiFe-GO increased, which was a different trend compared to NiFe(50–300 mC)-GO. Because of this, the data indicate that

New trends in nanobiotechnology

• Pau-Loke Show,
• Kit Wayne Chew,
• Wee-Jun Ong,
• Sunita Varjani and
• Joon Ching Juan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 377–379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.32

• properties associated with the process and yielded products are highlighted. The self-assembly methods in focus included single amino acid self-assembly, functional amino acid self-assembly, amino acid and metal ion coordination self-assembly, and amino acid regulatory functional molecule self-assembly. Many

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• targeting. Transient PEGylation facilitates not only the localization and interaction with the target cell but also improves ion pair formation between the ionizable lipid (which will become cationic at pH 4) and the anionic endogenous endosomal phospholipids. This will enable the fast release of the

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• [27]. Direct deposition of PtNPs can be attained by the use of various physical vapor deposition techniques such as magnetron sputtering [28], sputtering [29], e-beam evaporation [30], dual ion-beam assisted deposition [31], and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [27][32][33]. Previously, PLD has been used

• ™ (1100 e.w., Ion Power Inc., United States) by ultrasonic mixing. The ratio of the ionomer to the studied Pt-based catalyst mass in a dry electrode was 0.1. The disc-ring electrode surfaces were polished and checked for purity before applying the catalyst layer by cyclic voltammetry in a 0.5 M H2SO4

• W, Cole-Parmer, United States) impulse sonication with 150 W energy for approximately 1 min by mixing Pt-coated carbon material, 5% alcohol suspension of Nafion (1100 e.w., Ion Power, United States) and double distilled water. The suspension was prepared in an airtight tube cooled with ice. The

High–low Kelvin probe force spectroscopy for measuring the interface state density

• Ryo Izumi,
• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yan Jun Li and
• Yasuhiro Sugawara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 175–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.18

• show that the analysis of electrostatic forces in the depletion region at high- and low-frequency AC bias voltages provides information about the interface state density in the semiconductor bandgap. As a preliminary experiment, high-low KPFS measurements were performed on ion-implanted silicon

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• studied. For this purpose, two other solutions were selected (i.e., H3PO4 and NaOH). Undoubtedly, anions play an important role during the dealloying process due to the intricate reaction between anions and Ag or Al [47][48]. It has been reported that during dealloying in HCl, the Cl− ion accelerates the

Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips

• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Antonio Leo,
• Federico Chianese,
• Loredana Parlato,
• Giovanni Piero Pepe,
• Angela Nigro,
• Carla Cirillo and
• Carmine Attanasio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5

• voltage contacts of L = 90 μm. The NbReN films were structured by using direct laser writer exposure followed by argon ion etching into constriction-type bridges with w = 2 μm and L = 700 μm. Further details on the fabrication procedure of the films are reported elsewhere [4][8]. The superconducting

Observation of collective excitation of surface plasmon resonances in large Josephson junction arrays

• Roger Cattaneo,
• Mikhail A. Galin and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1578–1588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.132

• using photolithography and reactive ion etching. The JJ sensor with variable thickness and a width of ≈100 nm is made by Ga+ focused ion beam etching. The JJ is made small in order to increase its resistance Rn to approx. 50 Ω, which is needed for a good impedance matching with the antenna. In order to

Utilizing the surface potential of a solid electrolyte region as the potential reference in Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Nobuyuki Ishida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1558–1563, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.129

• electrode placed on a solid electrolyte (Li-ion conductor) substrate. The surface-potential distribution in the region across the solid electrolyte was measured with a DC voltage applied between the Au electrodes. During the KPFM measurements, the potential of each Au electrodes relative to the Li electrode

• toward the negatively biased electrode, resulting in an ionic current flow. The ion current decays with time and, in principle, becomes zero when the electric field in the solid electrolyte is shielded by the accumulation and depletion of Li ions. Before starting each KPFM measurement, we waited 2–4 min

• electrolyte sample was a Li-ion conducting glass ceramic purchased from OHARA Inc. (LICGCTM AG-01) [20]. The size and thickness of the substrate were 25.4 mm × 25.4 mm and 150 μm, respectively. The main crystalline phase was Li1+x+yAlx(Ti,Ge)2−xSiyP3−yO12 [20]. The substrate was cut into pieces of

Non-stoichiometric magnetite as catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and 2,6-dibromo-4-methylphenol – a new approach in water treatment

• Joanna Kisała,
• Anna Tomaszewska and
• Przemysław Kolek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1531–1540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.126

• for photocatalysis (11 × 10−3 min−1 for M1 and 6.2 × 10−3 min−1 for M2), a higher kapp value can be observed for ozonolysis. As shown in Figure 6, bromide ions were released from the benzene ring by the ozonation reaction. The bromide ion concentration increased with an increasing level of degradation

• bromide; Figure 6). However, a normalized bromide ion concentration smaller than 0.5 for ozonolysis may denote the production of brominated organic by-products. Release yields of bromine in the form of bromide ions as high as 90% showed eventual mineralization. The half-live of DBMP in photocatalytic

• 1 × 10−4 to 1 × 10−2 mol·L−1 were used to quantify PhOH and DBMP. The concentration of dissolved bromide ions was determined potentiometrically with a bromide ion-selective electrode (EBr-01, Hydromet, Poland) with a silver chloride electrode (RL-100, Hydromet, Poland) as a reference electrode and a

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• frequencies [42][43]. Additionally, the equivalent circuit fitted to the TiO2@MWCNTs electrode indicates that electron and ion transfers and the electrode material contribute to the overall charge transfer [43]. The results suggest synergies of TiO2 nanoparticles and MWCNTs in the TiO2@MWCNTs electrode

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• the Ag+ ion of the AgNO3 salt to Ag0. In this way, silver nuclei are generated and join to form nanoparticles, which are stabilized (via capping) by the same metabolites that are involved in the oxidation–reduction process [9]. Various plant parts have been used to generate AgNPs. Amongst these parts

• metallic Ag and as an ion in AgCl. According to the quantitative results, Ag/AgCl-Troom and Ag/AgCl-T100 have the highest Ag content. In contrast, Ag/AgCl-T60 and Ag/AgCl-T80 have the lowest Ag concentrations. This result is consistent with the data determined from the XRD diffractograms shown in Table 1

Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects

• Olga Shikimaka,
• Mihaela Bivol,
• Bogdan A. Sava,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Christu Tardei,
• Beatrice G. Sbarcea,
• Daria Grabco,
• Constantin Pyrtsac,
• Daria Topal,
• Andrian Prisacaru,
• Vitalie Cobzac and
• Viorel Nacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123

• probably caused by the more porous structure and, as a result, higher dissolution rate of these composites, inducing an increased ion concentration in the surrounding biological environment, which may be detrimental for cell proliferation. It can be noticed that HAG-1200 ceramics without BG also exhibited

• a somewhat lower cell viability than HAP-1200 ceramics. For both HAP- and HAG-based composites the addition of 10% of BG decreased the values of relative viability, again due to higher ion concentration in the physiologic environment due to the higher porosity and dissolubility. Conclusion A series

• . Slightly lower values were observed for HAGCs, caused by the more porous structure and the higher dissolution rate inducing an increased ion concentration in the surrounding biological environment. In the range of the examined composites, an optimal combination of properties (structural, mechanical

Structural studies and selected physical investigations of LiCoO₂ obtained by combustion synthesis

• Monika Michalska,
• Paweł Ławniczak,
• Tomasz Strachowski,
• Adam Ostrowski and
• Waldemar Bednarski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1473–1482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.121

• the annealing temperature causes a steady decrease in the DC conductivity. Keywords: lithium cobalt oxide; lithium-ion battery; nanocrystalline powder; solution combustion synthesis; Introduction Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2, LCO) of hexagonal structure () was first used as cathode material in

• capable of reversibly intercalating lithium ions [2]. The commercialization of lithium-ion cells was achieved in the early 1990s by Sony Corporation and in 1992 by a joint venture company (Asahi Kasai and Toshiba) [2][3][4]. Almost 90% of commercial Li-ion batteries consist of a lithium cobalt oxide

• cathode and a graphite anode immersed in a lithium-ion conducting electrolyte, which is 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate LiPF6 in a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of ethylene and dimethyl carbonate. Most commercial Li-ion cells are used to power portable devices, including mobile phones, laptops, and cameras [5][6][7

Coherent amplification of radiation from two phase-locked Josephson junction arrays

• Mikhail A. Galin,
• Vladimir M. Krasnov,
• Ilya A. Shereshevsky,
• Nadezhda K. Vdovicheva and
• Vladislav V. Kurin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1445–1457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.119

• self-aligning process using e-beam lithography and reactive ion etching [16][17]. Similar arrays were studied earlier in [9][12][13], where additional information about sample characterization can be found. Figure 1a,b shows the layout of “sample-1”. It has been fabricated on a 1 × 1 cm2 silicon

Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high-Q optical sensing

• Chaoying Shi,
• Jinhua Hu,
• Xiuhong Liu,
• Junfang Liang,
• Jijun Zhao,
• Haiyan Han and
• Qiaofen Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1408–1417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.116

• structure can be fabricated as follows [56]. At first, the gratings of the bottom layer are fabricated using electron beam lithography (EBL) and reactive ion etching (RIE) on a SOI chip with a single crystalline silicon device layer and a buried oxide (BOX), where this SOI chip serves as the receiving

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• applications [62]. A very good micro-/nanoscale hierarchical Bi7O9I3/NTC photocatalyst was created in a one-step, easy, and environmentally friendly way by Hou et al., who used an in situ ion exchange–recrystallization approach [63]. The used buffer provided a relatively stable environment for producing