The influence of an interfacial hBN layer on the fluorescence of an organic molecule

• Christine Brülke,
• Oliver Bauer and
• Moritz M. Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1663–1684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.149

• to its mechanical [15], chemical [16], and thermal [17] stability, the easy synthesis of hBN monolayers on Cu foils for usage in devices [18], and, finally, the wide structural variety of hBN monolayers depending on the underlying metal substrate [19]. To investigate the decoupling of an organic

Piezoelectric sensor based on graphene-doped PVDF nanofibers for sign language translation

• Shuai Yang,
• Xiaojing Cui,
• Rui Guo,
• Zhiyi Zhang,
• Shengbo Sang and
• Hulin Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1655–1662, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.148

• interactions between humans and machines, the indispensability of external power sources greatly narrow their application scopes [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Piezoelectric sensors generate self-responsive electrical signals based on external mechanical forces. As a self-powered sensing system

A self-powered, flexible ultra-thin Si/ZnO nanowire photodetector as full-spectrum optical sensor and pyroelectric nanogenerator

• Liang Chen,
• Jianqi Dong,
• Miao He and
• Xingfu Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1623–1630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.145

• harvesting energy from the working environment instead of a battery. Comparing with another emerging nanogenerators (triboelectric nanogenerators) [19][20], the PENGs benefit from not requiring external mechanical energy and can make full use of the energy in their own environment. This self-powered system

• deposited onto 45 μm p-Si by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Next, the sample was placed into a solution of 0.877 g hexamethylenetetramine, 1.372 g Zn(CH3COO)2, and 13 mL ammonium hydroxide to grow ZnO NWs for half an hour via a hydrothermal method in a mechanical convection oven at 90 °C

Oxidation of Au/Ag films by oxygen plasma: phase separation and generation of nanoporosity

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Said A. Mansour,
• Mujaheed Pasha,
• Atef Zekri,
• Janarthanan Ponraj,
• Akshath Shetty and
• Yousef Haik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1608–1614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.143

• Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Texas A & M University-Kingsville, TX 78363, USA 10.3762/bjnano.11.143 Abstract The oxidation of Au/Ag alloy thin films using radio-frequency oxygen plasma was studied in this work. It was demonstrated that there is a phase separation occurring between

Walking energy harvesting and self-powered tracking system based on triboelectric nanogenerators

• Mingliang Yao,
• Guangzhong Xie,
• Qichen Gong and
• Yuanjie Su

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1590–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.141

• flexible, feasible, and unaffected by season, climate, or location. This work not only proposes a strategy for mechanical energy harvesting in public areas, including subway stations, hospitals, shopping malls, and business streets, but also offers a novel solution for smart cities and low-carbon

• transportation alternatives. Keywords: harvesting walking energy; internet of things; mechanical energy; pedestrian flow area; self-powered tracking system; triboelectric nanogenerator; Introduction With the fast progress in urbanization and commercialization, energy acquisition for powering wearable

• electronics [1][2][3][4][5] and wireless sensor networks is in high demand. Mechanical energy, which is widely distributed in the environment, is one of the most general power sources. The human body is a rich source of mechanical energy [6]. Muscle stretching, for example, converts biochemical energy into

Detecting stable adsorbates of (1S)-camphor on Cu(111) with Bayesian optimization

• Jari Järvi,
• Patrick Rinke and
• Milica Todorović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1577–1589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.140

• fast to compute, but they cannot accurately model hybrid materials, in which atomic interactions often feature a mixture of covalent and dispersive bonding, with charge transfer and polarization effects. Instead, we must employ quantum mechanical methods, such as density-functional theory (DFT) [12][13

Fabrication of nano/microstructures for SERS substrates using an electrochemical method

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Xiaoping Li,
• Junjie Yang,
• Zhengkai Li,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Xinming Zhang and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1568–1576, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.139

• Jingran Zhang Tianqi Jia Xiaoping Li Junjie Yang Zhengkai Li Guangfeng Shi Xinming Zhang Zuobin Wang College of Mechanical and Electric Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University

• , Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, 255000, P.R. China 10.3762/bjnano.11.139 Abstract Based on an

• mechanical stirring cooling system. To study the influence of surface conditions (e.g., porosity and roughness) on the SERS intensity, the duration of the PEO treatment was set as the single variable (1, 2, and 5 min), as shown in Table 1. The structured Mg surfaces were coated with Au of varying thickness

Design of V-shaped cantilevers for enhanced multifrequency AFM measurements

• Mehrnoosh Damircheli and
• Babak Eslami

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1525–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.135

• Mehrnoosh Damircheli Babak Eslami Department of Mechanical Engineering, Widener University, Chester, Pennsylvania, 19013, USA Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 10.3762/bjnano.11.135 Abstract As the application of atomic force

• , multifrequency AFM has gained the attention of different fields, such as, the measurement of nanoscale chemical and mechanical properties of human dentin [2], the mapping of viscoelastic materials [3], or the characterization of thin molecular films [4]. As different fields have implemented multifrequency AFM in

• required the attachment of masses to the cantilever to determine the spring constant. In recent years, cantilevers have provided valuable information by approximating the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of samples. The performance of microbeams is determined by various parameters such as

Antimicrobial metal-based nanoparticles: a review on their synthesis, types and antimicrobial action

• Matías Guerrero Correa,
• Fernanda B. Martínez,
• Cristian Patiño Vidal,
• Camilo Streitt,
• Juan Escrig and
• Carol Lopez de Dicastillo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1450–1469, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.129

• protection to the cell against osmotic rupture and mechanical damage. It is the first barrier against any harmful particles from the environment, such as oxidative molecules. Every type of microorganism has a different cell wall composition: i) fungi and yeast are mainly composed of chitin and

On the frequency dependence of viscoelastic material characterization with intermittent-contact dynamic atomic force microscopy: avoiding mischaracterization across large frequency ranges

• Enrique A. López-Guerra and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1409–1418, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.125

• Enrique A. Lopez-Guerra Santiago D. Solares The George Washington University, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Washington, DC 20052, USA Park Systems Inc., Santa Clara, CA, 95054, USA 10.3762/bjnano.11.125 Abstract Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a widely use technique to

• acquire topographical, mechanical, or electromagnetic properties of surfaces, as well as to induce surface modifications at the micrometer and nanometer scale. Viscoelastic materials, examples of which include many polymers and biological materials, are an important class of systems, the mechanical

• response of which depends on the rate of application of the stresses imparted by the AFM tip. The mechanical response of these materials thus depends strongly on the frequency at which the characterization is performed, so much so that important aspects of behavior may be missed if one chooses an arbitrary

Triboelectric nanogenerator based on Teflon/vitamin B1 powder for self-powered humidity sensing

• Liangyi Zhang,
• Huan Li,
• Yiyuan Xie,
• Jing Guo and
• Zhiyuan Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1394–1401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.123

• various forms of mechanical energy input into electrical energy. In the present study, a novel Teflon/vitamin B1 powder based triboelectric nanogenerator (TVB-TENG) is proposed. Paper is utilized as a supporting platform for triboelectrification between a commercial Teflon tape and vitamin B1 powder. The

• significant impact on the advancement of wearable electronics, intelligent robots, and the IoT [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Presently, TENGs are used to harvest various forms of mechanical energy from the surrounding environment, such as acoustic energy, wind, vibrations and human motion [29][30][31][32][33

Analysis of catalyst surface wetting: the early stage of epitaxial germanium nanowire growth

• Owen C. Ernst,
• Felix Lange,
• David Uebel,
• Thomas Teubner and
• Torsten Boeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1371–1380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.121

• ) wafer. The subsequent chemical–mechanical polishing provided a highly flat surface (RMS = 0.3 nm). Gold with a nominal thickness of 1 nm was evaporated from an effusion cell onto the heated substrate with a deposition rate of 0.01 nm/s, which was calibrated before with an Inficon XTC/3 quartz crystal

Cryogenic low-noise amplifiers for measurements with superconducting detectors

• Ilya L. Novikov,
• Boris I. Ivanov,
• Dmitri V. Ponomarev and
• Aleksey G. Vostretsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1316–1320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.115

• and the capacitors have a C0G-type of dielectric. All the components were mounted on the designed layout of the printed circuit board (PCB) from FR4 material. We did not solder the electrodes of the capacitors directly to the PCB in order to reduce the mechanical stress during the cooldown cycles

Structure and electrochemical performance of electrospun-ordered porous carbon/graphene composite nanofibers

• Yi Wang,
• Yanhua Song,
• Chengwei Ye and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1280–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.112

• conductivity impedes their use in high-power-density supercapacitors. Therefore, by adding high-performance conductive materials one can enhance the electrochemical performance of carbon nanofibers. Experiments have shown that by introducing graphene into the carbon matrix, various mechanical and

An atomic force microscope integrated with a helium ion microscope for correlative nanoscale characterization

• Santiago H. Andany,
• Gregor Hlawacek,
• Stefan Hummel,
• Charlène Brillard,
• Mustafa Kangül and
• Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1272–1279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.111

• . With the integrated electron flood gun (FG) of the HIM providing charge neutralization, uncoated polymers and biological samples can be imaged with high resolution while the AFM would bring complementary information such as laterally resolved mechanical properties. These multiparametric measurements

• to a spring-loaded kinematic mount. Operating the AFM inside the HIM chamber has drawbacks regarding resolution and noise performance. Ideally, the mechanical loop between the cantilever probe and the sample needs to be compact and stiff for optimal AFM performance. The mechanical loop for the

• reported tip-scanning AFM includes the AFM scan head, coarse stage and stationary sample stage. However, after integration with the HIM, stiffness is degraded through the incorporation of the HIM cradle, the four-axis sample stage, and the mounting bracket to the mechanical loop. This reduces rigidity and

Role of redox-active axial ligands of metal porphyrins adsorbed at solid–liquid interfaces in a liquid-STM setup

• Thomas Habets,
• Sylvia Speller and
• Johannes A. A. W. Elemans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1264–1271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.110

• solutions of molecules to the sample surface in an STM setup, the observed current between the tip and sample can increase. This increase may, for example, be the result of a mechanical disturbance made to the system upon adding the liquid, the presence of ions in the solution, and/or polarization of the

Photothermally active nanoparticles as a promising tool for eliminating bacteria and biofilms

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Laura D’Alfonso,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1134–1146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.98

• aggregates protected by self-generated extracellular polymeric substances [1][4]. Biofilms are resistant to mechanical abrasion and drug treatments, including antibiotics. The detachment of a single bacterial cell or biofilm fragments can result in systemic chronic infections [5]. As a consequence, when a

Vibration analysis and pull-in instability behavior in a multiwalled piezoelectric nanosensor with fluid flow conveyance

• Sayyid H. Hashemi Kachapi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1072–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.92

• Sayyid H. Hashemi Kachapi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, P.O. Box 484, Shariati Street, Babol, Mazandaran 47148-71167, Iran 10.3762/bjnano.11.92 Abstract In this work, surface/interface effects for pull-in voltage and viscous fluid velocity

• Gurtin and Murdoch, is taken into consideration [11]. Also, multiwalled nanoshell (MWNS) materials are structurally built by multiconcentric single-walled nanoshell (SWNS) materials, and the mechanical properties of MWNA materials have been found to be superior to the mechanical properties of SWNSs. As a

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• , due to their excellent physical and chemical properties (e.g., high surface area, excellent thermal and electric conductivity, high mechanical strength)[19][20][21]. Examples of graphene nanomaterials include single-layer graphene, few-layer graphene (FLG), graphene oxide (GO), and the reduced form of

Gas-sensing features of nanostructured tellurium thin films

• Dumitru Tsiulyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1010–1018, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.85

• aims of the present work were to investigate and improve the gas-sensing parameters of nanostructured Te films by using a mechanical nanostructuring approach. Crystalline and amorphous Te films were grown, respectively, on glass or porous, nanostructured, dielectric substrates. These two physically

• could improve the response kinetic parameters in detriment of sensitivity. One way to enhance both the response time and sensitivity to NO2 seems to be the mechanical nanostructuring of amorphous Te films, which is investigated and discussed in this paper. So far, nanocrystalline Te films have been

Wet-spinning of magneto-responsive helical chitosan microfibers

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johanna Michel,
• Naiana Suter,
• Matheus Grande de Aguiar and
• Michael Maas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 991–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.83

• to the macroscale. Due to their ability to store mechanical energy and to optimize the accessible surface area, helical shapes contribute particularly to motion-driven processes and structural reinforcement. Due to these special features, helical fibers have become highly attractive for

• actuators; chitosan fibers; helical fibers; magnetic tissue engineering; mechanical properties; wet-spinning; Introduction Helical fibrous structures are ubiquitous in nature and are found at virtually every length scale. A few examples are the structural motifs in proteins and DNA at the molecular level

• [1], the nanoscopic flagella in bacteria [2], the spiral shape of some bacteria (e.g., Helicobacter pylori) [3], the chiral seed pods [4], and the macroscopic tendrils of climbing plants [5][6]. With their ability to store mechanical energy and to optimize the accessible surface area of a biological

Electrochemical nanostructuring of (111) oriented GaAs crystals: from porous structures to nanowires

• Elena I. Monaico,
• Eduard V. Monaico,
• Veaceslav V. Ursaki,
• Shashank Honnali,
• Vitalie Postolache,
• Karin Leistner,
• Kornelius Nielsch and
• Ion M. Tiginyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 966–975, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.81

• was used. An optical filter was used to select radiation from the near-IR spectral range (700–2500 nm, optical power 130 mW). The current through the samples was measured by means of a Keithley’s Series 2400 source measure unit. Since the photoconductivity decay time is long enough, a mechanical

Atomic layer deposition for efficient oxygen evolution reaction at Pt/Ir catalyst layers

• Stefanie Schlicht,
• Korcan Percin,
• Stefanie Kriescher,
• André Hofer,
• Claudia Weidlich,
• Matthias Wessling and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 952–959, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.79

• ), a rather thick layer of the order of 1 μm is observed. Some cracks can be detected on the egdes of the coating where the fibers cross, due to low transport rates at these locations and high mechanical stress. The existence of the noble metals is proven by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX

A 3D-polyphenylalanine network inside porous alumina: Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic–organic composite membrane

• Jonathan Stott and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.78

• Abstract Surface functionalization of porous materials allows for the introduction of additional functionality coupled with high mechanical stability of functionalized inner pores. Herein, we investigate the surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization (SI-ROP) of phenylalanine-N-carboxyanhydride (PA-NCA

• ; polyphenylalanine; porous alumina membranes; surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization (SI-ROP); Introduction Porous materials with functional surfaces are a topic of immense interest in science and technology. The high surface area and high mechanical stability of such materials allows for applications in

• well as the mechanisms of gel formation have been studied in detail. Hydrophilic gels with functional side groups enable stimuli-responsive hydrogels with interesting properties with regards to drug release systems. A drawback of these gels is their low mechanical stability, which can however be

Extracting viscoelastic material parameters using an atomic force microscope and static force spectroscopy

• Cameron H. Parvini,
• M. A. S. R. Saadi and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 922–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.77

• Cameron H. Parvini M. A. S. R. Saadi Santiago D. Solares Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University School of Engineering and Applied Science, 800 22nd St. NW, Suite 3000, Washington, DC 20052, United States 10.3762/bjnano.11.77 Abstract Atomic force

• investigate different timescales of the mechanical response. This manuscript seeks to build upon our previous work and presents an approach to extracting useful linear viscoelastic information from AFM-SFS experiments. In addition, the basis for selecting and restricting the model parameters for fitting is

• somewhat organic. One approach is to use theoretical arguments in conjunction with continuum mechanics fundamentals, but it is most common to design more intuitive spring–dashpot linear viscoelastic mechanical models [13][14][15]. The spring–dashpot, or “mechanical equivalent” approach to linear