Relationships between chemical structure, mechanical properties and materials processing in nanopatterned organosilicate fins

• Gheorghe Stan,
• Richard S. Gates,
• Qichi Hu,
• Kevin Kjoller,
• Craig Prater,
• Kanwal Jit Singh,
• Ebony Mays and
• Sean W. King

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 863–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.88

• , Intel Corporation, Hillsboro OR 97124, USA Logic Technology Development, Intel Corporation, 5200 NE Elam Young Parkway, Hillsboro OR 97124, USA 10.3762/bjnano.8.88 Abstract The exploitation of nanoscale size effects to create new nanostructured materials necessitates the development of an understanding

Silicon microgrooves for contact guidance of human aortic endothelial cells

• Sara Fernández-Castillejo,
• Pilar Formentín,
• Úrsula Catalán,
• Josep Pallarès,
• Lluís F. Marsal and
• Rosa Solà

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.72

• microscale features to mimic the endothelium in lineal vessels. Keywords: cell morphology; contact guidance; microgrooves; silicon; human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs); Introduction Micro- and nanostructured materials for medical devices have demonstrated that surface topography as well as surface

Gas sensing properties of MWCNT layers electrochemically decorated with Au and Pd nanoparticles

• Elena Dilonardo,
• Michele Penza,
• Marco Alvisi,
• Riccardo Rossi,
• Gennaro Cassano,
• Cinzia Di Franco,
• Francesco Palmisano,
• Luisa Torsi and
• Nicola Cioffi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 592–603, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.64

• gas detection. Indeed, gas sensor systems have unique properties such as, easy and low-cost production, low operating temperature, electronic and thermal stability, good sensitivity but poor selectivity in gas detection [4]. In this context, the development of nanostructured materials has contributed

Diffusion and surface alloying of gradient nanostructured metals

• Zhenbo Wang and
• Ke Lu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 547–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.59

• and diffusion in nanostructured materials, followed by some typical applications of GNS on advancing traditional surface alloying processes. Review Interfacial diffusion in GNS materials In the 1980s, Gleiter et al. [12][13] successfully synthesized the first nanostructured metallic sample by means of

• previous studies demonstrated different characteristics in nanostructured materials. For instance, Charlot et al. [59] showed that the mechanical milling process applied before the self-propagating high-temperature syntheses (SHS) process markedly decreased the ignition temperature (≈100 °C) of the

• larger thickness and better properties. Studies of diffusion behavior might shed light on the structural characteristics and properties of internal interfaces in nanostructured materials. Novel microstructures such as LAGB-dominant interfaces and nanolaminates have been synthesized in GNS metals recently

Nanostructured carbon materials decorated with organophosphorus moieties: synthesis and application

• Giacomo Biagiotti,
• Vittoria Langè,
• Cristina Ligi,
• Stefano Caporali,
• Maurizio Muniz-Miranda,
• Anna Flis,
• K. Michał Pietrusiewicz,
• Giacomo Ghini,
• Alberto Brandi and
• Stefano Cicchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.52

• . Despite the process is still to be optimized, concerning the yield and the recycling of the catalyst, the very low amount of phosphine oxide employed make this approach promising for the development of efficient nanostructured materials useful in organocatalysis. Experimental Materials MWCNTs were

Photo-ignition process of multiwall carbon nanotubes and ferrocene by continuous wave Xe lamp illumination

• Paolo Visconti,
• Patrizio Primiceri,
• Daniele Longo,
• Luciano Strafella,
• Paolo Carlucci,
• Mauro Lomascolo,
• Arianna Cretì and
• Giuseppe Mele

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 134–144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.14

• ][9]. The same results were also confirmed by other published research works [10][11]. The use of nanostructured materials as a means for distributed ignition and combustion improvement in propulsion applications (e.g., homogeneous-charged compression ignition (HCCI) engines, liquid rocket fuel sprays

• and enhanced flame stabilization in gas turbine engines) was patented in 2009 [12]. Since then, the properties of nanostructured materials as ignition agents have been studied [10][13][14][15]. In these works, the combustion ignition agent was constituted of the combination of metallic nanoparticles

Obtaining and doping of InAs-QD/GaAs(001) nanostructures by ion beam sputtering

• Sergei N. Chebotarev,
• Alexander S. Pashchenko,
• Leonid S. Lunin,
• Elena N. Zhivotova,
• Georgy A. Erimeev and
• Marina L. Lunina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 12–20, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.2

• semiconducting [1], magnetic [2] and superconducting [3] nanomaterials. Among them, InAs/GaAs nanostructured materials have a considerable application potential in lasers [4], photonic devices [5], photoelectric converters based on multilayer heterostructures [6] and intermediate band devices [7]. Molecular beam

A new approach to grain boundary engineering for nanocrystalline materials

• Shigeaki Kobayashi,
• Sadahiro Tsurekawa and
• Tadao Watanabe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1829–1849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.176

• ][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Since the concept of grain boundary design and control was first proposed by Watanabe [30], an increasing number of researchers have been involved in the development of high performance polycrystalline materials, including nanocrystalline or nanostructured materials

• ]), and also by other quite different methods such as crystallization from amorphous solids [57], extensive work has been performed on the mechanical properties of bulk UFG and nanostructured materials and excellent reviews have been written. Among those previous reviews [19][20][55][56][57][58][59][60

Effect of triple junctions on deformation twinning in a nanostructured Cu–Zn alloy: A statistical study using transmission Kikuchi diffraction

• Silu Liu,
• Xiaolong Ma,
• Lingzhen Li,
• Liwen Zhang,
• Patrick W. Trimby,
• Xiaozhou Liao,
• Yusheng Li,
• Yonghao Zhao and
• Yuntian Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1501–1506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.143

• both the scientific understanding and practical design of nanostructured materials. Previously, triple junctions have been reported to play a critical role in other deformation mechanisms in nanostructured materials, like grain rotation [16] and grain boundary sliding [17]. Additionally, earlier

• of TKD compared with EBSD is its improvement in spatial resolution, which has been shown to be in the range of 2–10 nm for a variety of materials [30]. Therefore, this technique enables researchers to characterize, with relative ease, truly nanostructured materials. Although strongly dependent on

• materials and deformation state, the resolution of TKD can complement TEM to provide useful information in characterizing nanostructured materials. Another great advantage of TKD is that various interfaces, including grain boundaries and twin boundaries, can be identified without the requirement of them

Tunable longitudinal modes in extended silver nanoparticle assemblies

• Serene S. Bayram,
• Klas Lindfors and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1219–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.113

• Serene S. Bayram Klas Lindfors Amy Szuchmacher Blum Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Luxemburger Str. 116, 50939 Köln, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.7.113 Abstract Nanostructured materials

Development of highly faceted reduced graphene oxide-coated copper oxide and copper nanoparticles on a copper foil surface

• Rebeca Ortega-Amaya,
• Yasuhiro Matsumoto,
• Andrés M. Espinoza-Rivas,
• Manuel A. Pérez-Guzmán and
• Mauricio Ortega-López

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1010–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.93

• ]. In fact, kinetics studies on metal melting revealed that the pre-melting temperature depends partly on the surface microstructure and partly on surface-adsorbed impurities [24]. It has also been reported that, for nanostructured materials, the melting point strongly depends on the size and it is

Novel roles for well-known players: from tobacco mosaic virus pests to enzymatically active assemblies

• Claudia Koch,
• Fabian J. Eber,
• Carlos Azucena,
• Alexander Förste,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Alexander M. Bittner,
• Holger Jeske,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Sabine Eiben,
• Fania C. Geiger and
• Christina Wege

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 613–629, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.54

• blocks of extended hybrid materials. Reproduced with permission from [6], copyright 2014 Springer. TMV and related tobamoviruses: versatile templates for the construction of biohybrid nanoobjects and nanostructured materials for a wide range of applications exemplified schematically. Among numerous

Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage

• Marco Notarianni,
• Jinzhang Liu,
• Kristy Vernon and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 149–196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.17

• 10 years for energy generation and storage. In particular, the possibility to include these nanostructured materials using lightweight flexible substrates, printable inks, low temperature and ambient pressure fabrication tools allows for a dramatic reduction in production costs [15]. Organic solar

Green and energy-efficient methods for the production of metallic nanoparticles

• Mitra Naghdi,
• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• M. Verma,
• R. Y. Surampalli and
• J. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2354–2376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.243

• one of their dimensions is in the range of 1–100 nm [1][2][3]. The properties of nanostructured materials differ remarkably from those of bulk materials due to variation in specific characteristics, such as size, morphology and distribution [4][5]. They exhibit a higher surface to volume ratio that

• structures, such as nanoparticles (NPs), nanolayers (NLs) and nanotubes (NTs) that have greatly influenced all aspects of human life [9][10][11]. Currently, a vast number of nanostructured materials with different properties are produced at the lab-scale that may be implemented in different applications. It

• is highly predictable that NPs with proven applicability will be taken forward to large-scale production [12]. Among different nanostructured materials, metal NPs have a variety of potential applications in versatile areas, such as electronics, chemistry, energy, and medicine [13]. There are many

A single-source precursor route to anisotropic halogen-doped zinc oxide particles as a promising candidate for new transparent conducting oxide materials

• Daniela Lehr,
• Markus R. Wagner,
• Johanna Flock,
• Julian S. Reparaz,
• Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres,
• Alexander Klaiber,
• Thomas Dekorsy and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2161–2172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.222

• introduced as Lorentz oscillators (see Figure 7b). For nanostructured materials the Drude model has to be modified [84][85]. However, for a first step of interpretation of the experimental data the most salient changes with carrier densities are already visible in the Drude model. Figure 8 shows the real and

Atomic scale interface design and characterisation

• Carla Bittencourt,
• Chris Ewels and
• Arkady V. Krasheninnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1708–1711, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.174

• chemical properties and processes occurring at the surface on a nanoscale are of crucial concern. Nanostructured materials show a great application potential in the areas of nanoelectronics, catalysis, and light harvesting/energy storage, an excellent example being the capability of titanate nanoribbons to

• simultaneously harvest and store energy in photobatteries [6]. In such systems, the exact nature of the interface between different nanostructures is the decisive factor determining the solar harvesting efficiency. The optimal integration of nanostructured materials into larger scale devices and their diverse

Continuum models of focused electron beam induced processing

• Milos Toth,
• Charlene Lobo,
• Vinzenz Friedli,
• Aleksandra Szkudlarek and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1518–1540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.157

• suite of direct-write, high resolution techniques that enable fabrication and editing of nanostructured materials inside scanning electron microscopes and other focused electron beam (FEB) systems. Here we detail continuum techniques that are used to model FEBIP, and release software that can be used to

Heterometal nanoparticles from Ru-based molecular clusters covalently anchored onto functionalized carbon nanotubes and nanofibers

• Deborah Vidick,
• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Michel Devillers,
• Claude Poleunis,
• Arnaud Delcorte,
• Pietro Moggi,
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo and
• Sophie Hermans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1287–1297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.133

• and atmospheric pressure with very low Ru loading. Keywords: ammonia synthesis; cluster; nanofibers; nanoparticles; nanotubes; Introduction Metal nanoparticles (NPs) supported on nanoscopic forms of carbon (nanotubes, nanofibers) are an important class of nanostructured materials that find

• used in electrochemical devices where metal/carbon nanostructured materials can be used as superior electrodes [4]. Ultrasmall metal nanoparticles are desired in order to increase (electro-)catalytic activity by increasing the active metal surface. This is especially important in the case of precious

Interaction of electromagnetic radiation in the 20–200 GHz frequency range with arrays of carbon nanotubes with ferromagnetic nanoparticles

• Agylych Atdayev,
• Alexander L. Danilyuk and
• Serghej L. Prischepa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1056–1064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.106

• within the grains. In nanostructured materials, the magnetic properties and the static and dynamic magnetic behavior are controlled by the interparticle exchange interaction, which gives rise to a new generation of devices with improved characteristics and new functionalities. Such magnetic

Effects of swift heavy ion irradiation on structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of ZnO–CuO nanocomposites prepared by carbothermal evaporation method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• D. K. Avasthi and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 928–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.96

• -heterojunctions leading to a modification of optical and electronic properties, which finds promising applications in photocatalysis [30], sensors [31] and solar cells [32]. Several methods have been used to modify the optical, electrical and structural properties of nanostructured materials and nanocomposite

• thin films. Swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation using high electronic excitation is one of the promising techniques used to controllably engineer the size, shape, crystallinity and hence the physicochemical properties of nanostructured materials and nanocomposites. Energetic ions moving in a solid lose

• contributes to the enhanced photocatalytic efficiency. Earlier studies have shown that swift heavy ion irradiation inducing high electronic excitations can be used to control the defect concentration and engineer the shape and size of nanostructured materials [44][45]. Fabricating nanocomposites consisting of

Applications of three-dimensional carbon nanotube networks

• Manuela Scarselli,
• Paola Castrucci,
• Francesco De Nicola,
• Ilaria Cacciotti,
• Francesca Nanni,
• Emanuela Gatto,
• Mariano Venanzi and
• Maurizio De Crescenzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 792–798, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.82

• conversion devices. The collected results enable us to predict that the produced CNT-sponges are an interesting example of nanostructured materials that may be employed in new emerging fields of applications such as environmental sector, sensing and electromechanical transduction. At the same time, a

Electrical response of liquid crystal cells doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes

• Amanda García-García,
• Ricardo Vergaz,
• José F. Algorri,
• Xabier Quintana and
• José M. Otón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 396–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.39

• ; Introduction Carbon-based nanostructured materials and their relationship with liquid crystals (LC) is a hot topic in current research. It is worth mentioning the recently described connection between graphene oxide and liquid crystals [1][2], as well as the highly active topic of LC structures doped with

Exploiting the hierarchical morphology of single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube films for highly hydrophobic coatings

• Francesco De Nicola,
• Paola Castrucci,
• Manuela Scarselli,
• Francesca Nanni,
• Ilaria Cacciotti and
• Maurizio De Crescenzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 353–360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.34

• -assembly hierarchical nanostructured materials [36][37][38][39] are nowadays investigated as a consequence of their tunable peculiar properties and the easy, highly reproducible, and low-cost fabrication. In addition, they are ideal low-dimensional materials for the fabrication of high aspect ratio and

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of graphitic carbon nanomaterials doped with heteroatoms

• Toma Susi,
• Thomas Pichler and
• Paola Ayala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 177–192, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.17

• been widely used to characterize doped materials [33][34]. However, XPS is commonly applied as a laboratory analytical tool, without taking into account important physical factors relevant for carbon nanostructured materials that might affect the resulting analyses. These include, for example, the

• 3 and 10 nm for commonly used Al Kα radiation. While this is well understood for uniform thin films, the sampling depth for nanostructured materials will depend on the sample. For instance, for graphite it is 8.7 nm [57], corresponding to about 26 graphene layers. Thus, for graphitic carbon

Liquid-phase exfoliated graphene: functionalization, characterization, and applications

• Mildred Quintana,
• Jesús Iván Tapia and
• Maurizio Prato

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2328–2338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.242

• Mildred Quintana Jesus Ivan Tapia Maurizio Prato Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria 78290, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials (CENMAT), INSTM UdR di Trieste, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e