Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• in brain implants, are within reach thanks to the advancements in nanotechnology. In particular, carbon-based nanostructured materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanodiamonds (NDs), have demonstrated to be highly promising materials for designing and fabricating nanoelectrodes and

Experimental techniques for the characterization of carbon nanoparticles – a brief overview

• Wojciech Kempiński,
• Szymon Łoś,
• Mateusz Kempiński and
• Damian Markowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1760–1766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.186

• . Another very interesting feature of the CN textures is the possibility to control certain physical properties of the carbon nanoparticle systems by choosing the specific molecules. The ability to control the structure and the charge or spin transport in nanostructured materials can be very useful from the

Review of nanostructured devices for thermoelectric applications

• Giovanni Pennelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1268–1284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.141

• nanostructured materials, with respect to bulk ones, for the purposes of thermoelectric conversion. The development of materials for a large scale application of thermoelectric generation should consider a trade-off between optimal thermoelectric properties on the one hand and material availability, cost

• for its increased electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient compared to bulk silicon. Advantages of nanostructured materials for thermoelectricity Thermoelectric parameters are enhanced in structures with reduced dimensionality. As pointed out by Dresselhaus and co-workers in pioneering

• level increases: Values of the order of 1 mV/K can be obtained in silicon for doping values smaller than 1016 cm−3. The main point in the use of nanostructured materials for thermoelectricity is the strong reduction of the thermal conductivity kt compared to the bulk value. This strong reduction of kt

Organic and inorganic–organic thin film structures by molecular layer deposition: A review

• Pia Sundberg and
• Maarit Karppinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1104–1136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.123

Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts

• Josef C. Meier,
• Carolina Galeano,
• Ioannis Katsounaros,
• Jonathon Witte,
• Hans J. Bongard,
• Angel A. Topalov,
• Claudio Baldizzone,
• Stefano Mezzavilla,
• Ferdi Schüth and
• Karl J. J. Mayrhofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 44–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.5

• structure of the support, and of a thermal treatment will be discussed and we provide guidelines for the design of stable nanostructured fuel cell catalysts. Materials Two HGS-based catalysts, Pt@HGS 1–2 nm and Pt@HGS 3–4 nm, were selected as model nanostructured materials and compared to Pt/Vulcan 3–4 nm

Simulation of electron transport during electron-beam-induced deposition of nanostructures

• Francesc Salvat-Pujol,
• Harald O. Jeschke and
• Roser Valentí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.89

• that addresses the multi-scale nature of the electron-beam-induced deposition (EBID) process. Furthermore, similar simulations can help to understand the role that is played by backscattered electrons and emitted secondary electrons in the change of structural properties of nanostructured materials

• distribution in the substrate and the deposit under irradiation with an electron beam. Moreover, similar simulations can aid the understanding of the role that is played by backscattered and secondary electrons in changing the structural properties of nanostructured materials in several post-growth techniques

Modulation of defect-mediated energy transfer from ZnO nanoparticles for the photocatalytic degradation of bilirubin

• Tanujjal Bora,
• Karthik K. Lakshman,
• Soumik Sarkar,
• Abhinandan Makhal,
• Samim Sardar,
• Samir K. Pal and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 714–725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.81

• photo-oxidation [5]. In recent years, the use of nanotechnology in medical science is gaining a lot of attention across the world. Research that focuses on the use of various nanostructured materials in different areas, such as for drug delivery [6], cancer treatments [7][8], etc. is underway. Out of

• the numerous nanostructured materials, zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising materials for applications in the medical field, because of its biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity [9]. Moreover, ZnO can degrade various organic compounds efficiently through photocatalysis [10][11

Large-scale atomistic and quantum-mechanical simulations of a Nafion membrane: Morphology, proton solvation and charge transport

• Pavel V. Komarov,
• Pavel G. Khalatur and
• Alexei R. Khokhlov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 567–587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.65

• the PEM while the hydrophobic domains maintain its mechanical stability [2]. Owing to this specific microphase separated morphology, Nafion and similar nanostructured materials are widely used not only in fuel cell manufacture but also in organic batteries, for water purification by reverse osmosis

Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials

• Herbert Gleiter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 517–533, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.61

• ; ferromagnetism; nanoglasses; nanostructured materials; noncrystalline materials; Review Introduction and basic concept The majority of materials that have been used by mankind since the Neolithic age are crystalline materials. The oldest known examples are granite and quartz used for producing stone-age tools

Selective surface modification of lithographic silicon oxide nanostructures by organofunctional silanes

• Thomas Baumgärtel,
• Christian von Borczyskowski and
• Harald Graaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 218–226, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.22

• Thomas Baumgartel Christian von Borczyskowski Harald Graaf Center for Nanostructured Materials and Analytics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.4.22 Abstract This study investigates the controlled chemical

Nanostructure-directed chemical sensing: The IHSAB principle and the dynamics of acid/base-interface interaction

• James L. Gole and
• William Laminack

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 20–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.3

• order to develop chemical sensing with nanostructured materials. We couple the tenets of acid/base chemistry with the majority charge carriers of an extrinsic semiconductor. Nanostructured islands are deposited in a process that does not require self-assembly in order to direct a dominant electron

• interactions; IHSAB theory; nitrated oxides; porous silicon; Introduction The combination of tailored active interfaces, the ability to confine processes at the nanoscale, and the ability to manipulate nanostructured materials and their interaction at these select interfaces, offers the opportunity to develop

• transduction. Decorated microporous arrays enable enhanced analyte diffusion to active sites [6], whereas the nanopores provide a “phase matching” region with which the modifying nanostructured materials of interest can be made to interact in a controlled manner to promote a range of interface sensitivities

Functionalised zinc oxide nanowire gas sensors: Enhanced NO₂ gas sensor response by chemical modification of nanowire surfaces

• Eric R. Waclawik,
• Jin Chang,
• Andrea Ponzoni,
• Isabella Concina,
• Dario Zappa,
• Elisabetta Comini,
• Nunzio Motta,
• Guido Faglia and
• Giorgio Sberveglieri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 368–377, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.43

• -oxide surfaces, such as ZnO nanowires, with nanostructured materials containing organic monolayers, can tune the electronic and interfacial properties of these materials, and in the case of gas sensors, has the potential to enhance the gas response significantly. Experimental Zinc oxide nanowire films

Fabrication of multi-parametric platforms based on nanocone arrays for determination of cellular response

• Lindarti Purwaningsih,
• Tobias Schoen,
• Tobias Wolfram,
• Claudia Pacholski and
• Joachim P. Spatz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 545–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.58

• finding for research dealing with the reactions of neuron-like tissue in the immediate moments after direct contact with an implanted surface. Keywords: block copolymer nanolithography; cell adhesion; nanostructures; surface chemistry; surface topography; Introduction Nanostructured materials for

• photolithography, wet etching, or reactive ion etching, as well as simple chemical approaches, have been employed for the fabrication of nanostructured materials neglecting the complexity of the biological aspects. After tremendous work on cellular response to surface features in the micrometer range, such as

• grooves, ridges and wells, the research focus has shifted to the investigation of the potential of nanostructured materials for controlling cell–surface interactions [8]. For several years experimental studies on the influence of nanoscale topography on cell behavior have been largely obstructed by the

Simple theoretical analysis of the photoemission from quantum confined effective mass superlattices of optoelectronic materials

• Debashis De,
• Sitangshu Bhattacharya,
• S. M. Adhikari,
• A. Kumar,
• P. K. Bose and
• K. P. Ghatak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 339–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.40

• transport in modern nanostructured materials and devices. The classical DMR equation is valid for both types of carriers. In its conventional form, the DMR increases linearly with the temperature T, being independent of the carrier concentration. This relation holds only under the condition of carrier non

Effect of large mechanical stress on the magnetic properties of embedded Fe nanoparticles

• Srinivasa Saranu,
• Sören Selve,
• Ute Kaiser,
• Luyang Han,
• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Paul Ziemann and
• Ulrich Herr

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 268–275, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.31

• earth alloys. To be comparable with the other contributions to the effective anisotropy, stresses in the GPa (109 Pa) range would be required. However, in thin films and other nanostructured materials plastic deformation by dislocation glide is constrained by the presence of surfaces and interfaces

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure of bimetallic nanoparticles

• Carolin Antoniak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 237–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.28

• shown in Figure 1, the maximum WT amplitude is reduced with respect to Fe, exhibits several peaks and has a larger magnitude at high k values. FePt nanoparticles From the technological perspective, FePt has become one of the most interesting nanostructured materials (see, e.g., [71][72][73][74]), since

Schottky junction/ohmic contact behavior of a nanoporous TiO₂ thin film photoanode in contact with redox electrolyte solutions

• Masao Kaneko,
• Hirohito Ueno and
• Junichi Nemoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 127–134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.15

• Masao Kaneko Hirohito Ueno Junichi Nemoto The Institute of Biophotochemonics Co.Ltd., 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, 310-8512 Japan 10.3762/bjnano.2.15 Abstract The nature and photoelectrochemical reactivity of nanoporous semiconductor electrodes have attracted a great deal of attention. Nanostructured

• materials have promising capabilities applicable for the construction of various photonic and electronic devices. In this paper, a mesoporous TiO2 thin film photoanode was soaked in an aqueous methanol solution using an O2-reducing Pt-based cathode in contact with atmospheric air on the back side. It was