Gas-sensing features of nanostructured tellurium thin films

• Dumitru Tsiulyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1010–1018, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.85

• galvanic displacement of sacrificial cobalt nanowires were employed [15]. Lastly, to grow one-dimensional nanostructures, either template-free electrodeposition of Te, from an ionic liquid binary mixture [16], or thermal evaporation in a furnace under argon gas flow [17] were strategies utilized. The

• exhibit a striking morphological structure; therefore, their SEM image was omitted. At the same time, the Te films grown on the Al2O3 substrate (Figure 1B) exhibited a nanostructured morphology, corresponding to the substrate template, which consists of ≈100 nm diameter dotted holes, separated 400 nm from

• The nanostructuring of Te-based films by growing vitreous Te on a pre-nanostructured (porous) dielectric template significantly improves their gas sensing capabilities. At room temperature (22 °C), the response and recovery times decrease by approximately 10 and 20 times, respectively, in comparison

A 3D-polyphenylalanine network inside porous alumina: Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic–organic composite membrane

• Jonathan Stott and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.78

• -phenylalanine) were fabricated by a template method reported by Cui et al. [32]. In this study, we functionalize porous alumina substrates to induce the formation of three-dimensional supported organo-gels within their porous architecture to study a new inorganic–organic composite material. Such a surface

Simulations of the 2D self-assembly of tripod-shaped building blocks

• Łukasz Baran,
• Wojciech Rżysko and
• Edyta Słyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 884–890, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.73

• a confinement template to initiate chemical reactions. It can be thought of as an extension of heterogenous catalysis where the initial precursors, the intermediate state, and the final supramolecular network all remain in an adsorbed state. Complex self-assembled structures are essential for many

Transition from freestanding SnO₂ nanowires to laterally aligned nanowires with a simulation-based experimental design

• Jasmin-Clara Bürger,
• Sebastian Gutsch and
• Margit Zacharias

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 843–853, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.69

• epitaxial contact with the substrate surface they are self-aligned [10]. Several methods such as template-based methods [13][14] or VLS-based methods [10][15][16] have been demonstrated in the literature. It was shown that for VLS-based methods laterally aligned NWs of different materials can be grown

Integrated photonics multi-waveguide devices for optical trapping and Raman spectroscopy: design, fabrication and performance demonstration

• Gyllion B. Loozen,
• Arnica Karuna,
• Mohammad M. R. Fanood,
• Erik Schreuder and
• Jacob Caro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 829–842, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.68

• video typically contains about 9000 frames, taken at a frame rate of 541 fps and an exposure time of 1 ms. The videos are recorded for ten values of Pfib. We track the bead positions using a template matching algorithm [12]. Briefly, we calculate the 2D cross-correlation between an example image of only

• maximum. In Figure 7, examples of 2D histograms of the position of a 1 μm bead obtained from template matching are presented for the 2-waveguide trap (upper row) and the 16-waveguide trap (lower row) and for various values of Pfib. The left side of the figure shows microscope images of the central part of

Templating effect of single-layer graphene supported by an insulating substrate on the molecular orientation of lead phthalocyanine

• K. Priya Madhuri,
• Abhay A. Sagade,
• Pralay K. Santra and
• Neena S. John

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 814–820, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.66

• . Raman spectrum of single-layer graphene on a SiO2/Si substrate used as a template for the deposition of the PbPc film. (a) 2D-GIXRD pattern of a 10 nm PbPc film on SLG/SiO2/Si. (b) Profile section along the qz direction. (c) Intensity as a function of the azimuthal angle for different Bragg peaks

Effect of Ag loading position on the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ nanocolumn arrays

• Jinghan Xu,
• Yanqi Liu and
• Yan Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 717–728, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.59

• solar energy harvesting in photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications owing to their extremely high visible-light absorption and tuned effective band gap. In this work, Ag-loaded TiO2 nanocolumn (Ag-TNC) arrays were fabricated based on anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by combining atomic layer

• ) of Ag and the absorption of light by TiO2. These results represent a promising step forward to the development of high-performance photocatalysts for energy conversion and storage. Keywords: anodic aluminum oxide template; nanocolumn arrays; photocatalysis; surface plasmon resonance; Introduction

• preparation of 1D TiO2 nanostructures is mainly performed by using anodization [17], hydrothermal [18] and template [19] methods. Meanwhile, the most common methods for the combination with precious metals are chemical deposition [20] and physical deposition [21]. The development of anodized aluminum oxide

A novel dry-blending method to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of polymer templates for OTFT electrodes

• Xiangdong Ye,
• Bo Tian,
• Yuxuan Guo,
• Fan Fan and
• Anjiang Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 671–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.53

• thermal expansion (CTE) of the polymer template is much higher than the CTE of the dielectric layer. Here, a novel dry-blending method is described in which SiO2 nanoparticles are filled into a grooved silicon template, followed by permeation of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into the SiO2 nanoparticle gaps

• . The SiO2 nanoparticles in the groove are extracted by curing and peeling off PDMS to prepare a PDMS/SiO2 composite template with a nanoparticle content of 83.8 wt %. The composite template has a CTE of 96 ppm/°C, which is a reduction by 69.23% compared with the original PDMS template. Finally, we

• achieved the alignment of OTFT electrodes using the composite template. Keywords: coefficient of thermal expansion; dry blending; organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs); OTFT electrodes; PDMS/SiO2 composite template; Introduction Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) provide a platform to construct next

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• biopolymers. The selection of a sacrificial template for capsule formation, the driving forces involved, the encapsulation of a variety of cargo and release based on different internal and external stimuli have also been addressed. We describe recent perspectives and obstacles of weak polyelectrolyte

• significance in biotechnological and nanotechnological frontiers with applications in the fields of chemistry, physics, biology and medicine [1]. The multilayered capsules are fabricated by alternate deposition of anionic and cationic PEs on a sacrificial colloidal template, followed by the dissolution of the

• varying the size of the sacrificial template [10]. The shell thickness can also be altered by the number of layers and the preparation conditions, thus providing control over thickness and morphology. Notably, these capsules have better encapsulation efficiency (EE) and a stable zeta potential mainly due

Formation of nanoripples on ZnO flat substrates and nanorods by gas cluster ion bombardment

• Xiaomei Zeng,
• Vasiliy Pelenovich,
• Bin Xing,
• Rakhim Rakhimov,
• Wenbin Zuo,
• Alexander Tolstogouzov,
• Chuansheng Liu,
• Dejun Fu and
• Xiangheng Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 383–390, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.29

• controlled by the orientation of the nanorod side edges. A similar “guiding” effect was observed in experiments where the boundary of irradiated regions was used to template the lateral ripples formed by focus ion beam irradiation [24]. From these findings one can conclude that the “guiding” effect is

Poly(1-vinylimidazole) polyplexes as novel therapeutic gene carriers for lung cancer therapy

• Gayathri Kandasamy,
• Elena N. Danilovtseva,
• Vadim V. Annenkov and
• Uma Maheswari Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 354–369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.26

• (cRNA) was amplified using in vitro transcription (IVT) of the double-stranded cDNA template using T7 RNA polymerase. 12 μg of the purified cRNA was fragmented using divalent cations at elevated temperature. The labeled fragmented sample was loaded into Primeview® Genechip and the chip was hybridized

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

• Felix M. Badaczewski,
• Marc O. Loeh,
• Torben Pfaff,
• Dirk Wallacher,
• Daniel Clemens and
• Bernd M. Smarsly

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 310–322, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.23

• physisorption was applied, using deuterated p-xylene (DPX) as a contrast-matching agent in the neutron scattering process. The impact of the carbon precursor on the structural order on an atomic scale in terms of size and disorder of the carbon microstructure, on the nanopore structure, and on the template

• impregnated with a liquid or dissolved carbon precursor, and thus the carbonization of the precursors takes place within the pores. Template removal is typically performed with concentrated aqueous solutions of NaOH or HF. The hierarchical pore system and the bimodal distribution of pore sizes provide a high

• the carbon microstructure, on the nanopore structure, and on the template process. A graphitizable pitch and a non-graphitizable resin, which carbonization turns into a glassy carbon, is used for comparison. Glassy carbon materials are derived from thermally processed phenolic formaldehyde resins

Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• -specific hybridization (mutation-dependent hybridization of short nucleotides with variable target DNA), (2) primer extension (DNA polymerase-based incorporation of specific desoxyribonucleotides complementary to the DNA template, (3) allele-specific ligation (ligase-based covalent linking of two

• oligonucleotides upon hybridization on a DNA template), and (4) invasive cleavage (nuclease-based cleavage of the 3D structure formed when two overlapping oligonucleotides hybridize perfectly to a target DNA). The genotyping method should meet several requirements, namely, facile development from sequence

• isothermal exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR). The EXPAR technique uses a DNA template, deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) and two enzymes to achieve the exponential amplification of a target sequence. DNA polymerase and NEase are used in the same reaction mixture. Once connected to the template

Fabrication of Ag-modified hollow titania spheres via controlled silver diffusion in Ag–TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures

• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Marta Michalska-Domańska,
• Krzysztof Kopczyński and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 141–146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.12

• NP-modified TiO2 HSs are based mainly on multistep processes including hard-templating methods [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Au-modified TiO2 HSs of regular shape were prepared using a multistep process in which sulfonated polystyrene spheres were used as a hard-template [10]. The

• template was used in the fabrication of rattle-type HSs of Au@TiO2 using multistep template deposition and a surface-protected etching method [13], of TiO2 HSs of mixed anatase/rutile composition loaded with noble metal NPs (Au, Pt, Pd) [14], and of N-doped Ag/TiO2 HSs [15]. A hard-templating method with a

• carbon template was used in a one-pot synthesis of uniform TiO2–Ag hybrid HSs [16], and of Ag/AgCl modified self-doped TiO2 HSs [17]. Finally, polymer spheres were used as hard-templates in a multistep fabrication of tri-modified TiO2 HSs (Ag–C/N–TiO2) [18], and of silver/TiO2 HSs [19]. Many papers

Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• template for nanowire synthesis. The miniaturization of devices is of central importance in electronics and has galvanized significant research in materials science. The need for the miniaturization of devices at the nanoscale interface has led to the exploration of new material systems and building blocks

The different ways to chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles: templated vs direct complexation. Influence of particle preparation on morphology, cell uptake and silencing efficiency

• Arianna Gennari,
• Julio M. Rios de la Rosa,
• Erwin Hohn,
• Maria Pelliccia,
• Enrique Lallana,
• Roberto Donno,
• Annalisa Tirella and
• Nicola Tirelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2594–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.250

• two-step process based on intermediate (template) particles produced via ionotropic gelation of chitosan with triphosphate (TPP), which are then incubated with HA, or B) through direct polyelectrolyte complexation of chitosan and HA. Here we demonstrate that HA is capable to quantitatively replace TPP

• in the template process and significant aggregation takes place during the TPP–HA exchange. The templated chitosan/HA nanoparticles therefore have a mildly larger size (measured by dynamic light scattering alone or by field flow fractionation coupled to static or dynamic light scattering), and above

• the cellular delivery of a payload. Here, we have compared the physico-chemical and carrier properties of the product of chitosan/HA polyelectrolyte complexation (“direct process” in Scheme 1) and that of the process where chitosan–TPP nanoparticles are produced first and act as a kind of template for

Label-free highly sensitive probe detection with novel hierarchical SERS substrates fabricated by nanoindentation and chemical reaction methods

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Yongda Yan,
• Li Wang,
• Peng Miao,
• Yimin Han,
• Xinming Zhang,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Yanquan Geng,
• Zhankun Weng,
• Daniel Laipple and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2483–2496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.239

• where the optimized enhancement factor was determined to be 8.6 × 106. Zhong et al. [11] presented nanoparticles formed by HAuCl3 and sodium citrate solutions on the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) template as a transparent SERS substrate. Then, malachite green at a concentration of 0.1 nmol/L was

• the template-assisted assembly of gold nanospheres with patterned PDMS molds featuring square array geometries with lattice parameters of 400 to 1600 nm and hole diameters of 230 to 960 nm. Then 4-acetamidothiophenol at 10−4 mol/L was detected using this substrate. Domenici et al. [22] used electron

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• -house using tetraethyl orthosilicalite and tetrapropylammonium hydroxide as the silica source and template. All chemicals were used as-receied without any further modification or purification. Preparation of 30 wt % CuFe2O4/HYPS The sample was prepared by mixing 0.65 g of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and 1.01 g of Fe

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• NiCo2S4 nanotubes synthesised via sacrificial template method, which reached a capacitance of 930 F·g−1 at 1 A·g−1 [15]. Chen et al. reported on one-step electrodeposited nickel–cobalt sulfide nanosheet arrays that reached 1420 F·g−1 at 5 A·g−1 [16]. Similarly, NiCo2O4 nanorods with a capacitance of 905

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• and Discussion Synthesis and grafting of dendrons on iron oxide nanoparticles The OEG dendrons were synthesized as described in the Experimental section. Briefly, the piperazine scaffold was selected as an appropriate template to introduce the perfluoroalkylated or alkylated chain on a generation 1

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• can be obtained by molecular self-assembly [112][113][114] and template synthesis [115][116][117][118][119]. For example, various sensors with self-assembled fullerene materials and their carbonized materials as sensing structures were reported for aromatic gas vapors [120][121] and carbonized

Porous silver-coated pNIPAM-co-AAc hydrogel nanocapsules

• William W. Bryan,
• Riddhiman Medhi,
• Maria D. Marquez,
• Supparesk Rittikulsittichai,
• Michael Tran and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1973–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.194

• circumvent these issues and accomplish smooth, continuous nanocapsule growth, we utilized sodium citrate to assist in the stabilization of the core template along with silver nitrate to increase the rate of nanocapsule growth. This approach proved to be successful in growing complete silver nanocapsules, as

The influence of porosity on nanoparticle formation in hierarchical aluminophosphates

• Matthew E. Potter,
• Lauren N. Riley,
• Alice E. Oakley,
• Panashe M. Mhembere,
• June Callison and
• Robert Raja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1952–1957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.191

• ]ammonium chloride (DMOD) in an AlPO synthesis, alongside a microporous template, allows silanol-lined mesopores to form simultaneously with the microporous network, yielding a hierarchically porous (HP) system [14]. In this work, we utilise both a HP silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) system and a traditional

Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints

• Elvira Rozhina,
• Ilnur Ishmukhametov,
• Svetlana Batasheva,
• Farida Akhatova and
• Rawil Fakhrullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.176

• detection of human cells. We used HeLa cells to template silica inorganic shells doped with halloysite clay nanotubes. The shells were destroyed by sonication resulting in the formation of polydisperse hybrid imprints that were used to recognise HeLa cells in liquid media supplemented with yeast. We believe

• for designing new methods for the selective recognition of normal and tumor cells. Future research is needed to thoroughly investigate the capabilities of our method to template imprints and then recognise the target cells depending on species or cell type. Experimental Materials and reagents

Novel hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres with antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria

• Carol López de Dicastillo,
• Cristian Patiño,
• María José Galotto,
• Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez,
• Claudia Torrent,
• Daniela Alburquenque,
• Alejandro Pereira and
• Juan Escrig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1716–1725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.167

• CSTiO2 The morphology of each structure obtained through the entire process for the development of CSTiO2 was observed using SEM (Zeiss EVO MA10 SEM) at 20 kV. Electrosprayed SPVP particles, before and after the ALD processes, and hollow CSTiO2, obtained after the polymer template removal, were studied