Improving magnetic properties of Mn- and Zn-doped core–shell iron oxide nanoparticles by tuning their size

• Dounia Louaguef,
• Ghouti Medjahdi,
• Sébastien Diliberto,
• Klaus M. Seemann,
• Thomas Gries,
• Joelle Bizeau,
• Damien Mertz,
• Eric Gaffet and
• Halima Alem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2285–2295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.157

• heating capability, a critical requirement for hyperthermia applications. The temperature increases of 6.5 and 9.6 °C under 536 and 796 kHz, respectively, surpass the thermal threshold required to induce apoptosis in cancer cells (42–46 °C). The fast heating kinetics observed here are comparable to those

Geometry-controlled engineering of the low-temperature proximity effect in normal metal–superconductor junctions

• Munisa A. Tomayeva,
• Vyacheslav D. Neverov,
• Andrey V. Krasavin,
• Alexei Vagov and
• Mihail D. Croitoru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2265–2273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.155

• heterojunction, and g = 0 in the normal region [45]. The effective mean-field Hamiltonian associated with Equation 3 is written as [44][46]: Here is the single-particle Hamiltonian, with δij as the Kronecker delta and Ui as the Hartree potential. The eigenstates and eigenvalues of Heff can be obtained by

• experiments, where the DOS remains nonzero at low energies. This broadening arises from inelastic scattering, interface imperfections, and finite quasiparticle lifetimes [46][53][57]. Experimentally, the proximity gap can be probed by tunneling spectroscopy by measuring the differential conductance dI/dV on

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures fabricated with circularly polarized light

• Tian Qiao and
• Ming Lee Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2245–2264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.154

• many morphologically distinct cPNSs [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Separately, chiral organic scaffolds (e.g., DNA, DNA origami and peptides) have also been used to coax achiral plasmonic nanocrystals (NCs) into chiral assemblies [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. The tetragonal and

Optical bio/chemical sensors for vitamin B₁₂ analysis in food and pharmaceuticals: state of the art, challenges, and future outlooks

• Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi and
• Zeynep Altintas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2207–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.153

• (e.g., metformin) and bile acid sequestrants (e.g., cholestyramine), and patients with inherited disorders such as deficiency of the non-glycosylated protein of transcobalamin II (TC-II) [2][10][45][46][47][48]. Pathways of vitamin B12 absorption and metabolism Two principal mechanisms exist for the

Ultrathin water layers on mannosylated gold nanoparticles

• Maiara A. Iriarte Alonso,
• Jorge H. Melillo,
• Silvina Cerveny,
• Yujin Tong and
• Alexander M. Bittner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2183–2198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.151

• experimental error. Considering the size of a water molecule (~0.28 nm) and the typical thickness of hydration layers (~0.6 nm) [21][22][44][46][47], the absolute values of water adsorption on dimanno-AuNPs fit to three to four layers of water (~1.5 nm). STEM found that the organic layer on dimanno-AuNPs is

Microplastic pollution in Himalayan lakes: assessment, risks, and sustainable remediation strategies

• Sameeksha Rawat,
• S. M. Tauseef and
• Madhuben Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2144–2167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.148

• catalysts, are a good example of a new method that has achieved great degrading effectiveness and is under study regarding its potential application to cold environments [46]. However, before being widely used in delicate ecosystems like Himalayan lakes, chemical methods must be carefully optimized since

• environmental factors like pH, temperature, and the availability of nutrients [50]. There has been promising development within the field of genetic engineering in relation to the creation of microbial consortiums optimized for high-efficiency degradation [46]. As reported by Rizvi et al., some fungi, such as

• alpine ecosystems [46]. Tiwari et al. found that psychrophilic lipases and esterases found in marine environments degrade MPs in low-temperature experiments, lending credibility to their use in Himalayan habitats [42]. The ecological significance of cryophilic fungal species has been highlighted by

Quality by design optimization of microemulsions for topical delivery of Passiflora setacea seed oil

• Daniel T. Pereira,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Danielle T. Freire,
• Dayanne L. Porto,
• Cícero F. S. Aragão,
• Myla L. de Souza,
• Guilherme R. S. de Araujo,
• Ana Maria Costa,
• Wógenes N. Oliveira,
• Anne Sapin-Minet,
• Éverton N. Alencar and
• Eryvaldo Sócrates T. Egito

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2116–2131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.146

• other components such as NaCMC and vitamin E [44][45]. Surface tension The surface tension of the microemulsion was characterized through six replicates, yielding an average value of 40.27 ± 0.22 mN·m−1. Similar surface tension values have been reported for microemulsions in the literature [46][47

Rapid synthesis of highly monodisperse AgSbS₂ nanocrystals: unveiling multifaceted activities in cancer therapy, antibacterial strategies, and antioxidant defense

• Funda Ulusu,
• Adem Sarilmaz,
• Yakup Ulusu,
• Faruk Ozel and
• Mahmut Kus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2105–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.145

• nanoparticles [44][45]. Cell inhibition in cell lines can be attributed to intracellular accumulation of nanoparticles leading to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and necrosis [46]. The findings of this investigation demonstrate that NCs exhibit a substantially lower inhibitory effect on healthy cell lines

Toward clinical translation of carbon nanomaterials in anticancer drug delivery: the need for standardisation

• Michał Bartkowski,
• Francesco Calzaferri and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2092–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.144

• rapid pace of discovery and innovation in the field. For instance, CDs are not well-defined due to a high variation in structural composition, the nomenclature of which is a current point of debate [46]. Moreover, there is a lack of publicly available, centralised databases on nanocarriers, leading

Molecular and mechanical insights into gecko seta adhesion: multiscale simulations combining molecular dynamics and the finite element method

• Yash Jain,
• Saeed Norouzi,
• Tobias Materzok,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Florian Müller-Plathe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2055–2076, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.141

• domain between a continuum domain and a particle domain. In practice, this means that the FE and MD domains share matching deformations at their boundary (no jump in displacements), and the forces/stresses transmitted across the interface are balanced (no net traction mismatch) [44][45][46][47]. The

• step, ΔtMD, the number of MD steps per iteration, nMD, and the number of iterations per load step, niter: Using this time and the imposed strain per load step εls, the pull-off velocity is set as In our previous work [46][47][48][49][50] on bulk polymer models, we found that prescribing a displacement

Stereodiscrimination of guests in chiral organosilica aerogels studied by ESR spectroscopy

• Sebastian Polarz,
• Yasar Krysiak,
• Martin Wessig and
• Florian Kuhlmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2034–2054, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.140

• probes with surfaces [40]. Mastai and coworkers have used ESR spectroscopy to probe the chirality of crystals [41]. Our group used ESR to investigate the rotational dynamics of paramagnetic spin probes in functionalized, mesoporous organosilica materials [42][43][44][45][46]. Using 3-carboxypropyl (3CP

• also discussed in several of our past papers [42][43][44][45][46]. Exemplarily, Figure 3 shows the behavior in an achiral silica aerogel. Because of the large pore size, the spin probe behaves almost like in a free solution. The spectra recorded at T = 273 K are characteristic of a freely rotating 3CP

• from cw-ESR, and special spin-echo measurements are necessary, as we reported in [46]. However, the polarity of the environment of a nitroxide spin probe such as 3CP influences the spatial distribution of the electron in the N–O bond and, therefore, the hyperfine coupling with the 15N nucleus [68][69

Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• evaporation within the core, as also reported by Ricaurte et al. (2022) [46]. Air relative humidity was additionally found to influence solvent evaporation and the formation of uniform HA fibers. Similar to the observations reported by Yao et al. (2013), a stable process without interruptions was only

The cement of the tube-dwelling polychaete Sabellaria alveolata: a complex composite adhesive material

• Emilie Duthoo,
• Aurélie Lambert,
• Pierre Becker,
• Carla Pugliese,
• Jean-Marc Baele,
• Arnaud Delfairière,
• Matthew J. Harrington and
• Patrick Flammang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1998–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.138

• been shown that FAM20C kinases are involved in a wide range of biological processes and that they generate the majority of the secreted phosphoproteome in humans, suggesting several roles for these enzymes in honeycomb worms [46]. Additional in situ hybridization experiments to localize FAM20C kinases

Laser ablation in liquids for shape-tailored synthesis of nanomaterials: status and challenges

• Natalie Tarasenka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1963–1997, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.137

• number of studies. In [46], ZnO and Zn(OH)2 of different sizes and morphologies were formed by laser ablation in a liquid environment of different temperatures (50, 70, and 90 °C). The temperature increase enhances the interactions of a liquid with the formed NPs, thus promoting their surface

Quantum circuits with SINIS structures

• Mikhail Tarasov,
• Mikhail Fominskii,
• Aleksandra Gunbina,
• Artem Krasilnikov,
• Maria Mansfeld,
• Dmitrii Kukushkin,
• Andrei Maruhno,
• Valeria Ievleva,
• Mikhail Strelkov,
• Daniil Zhogov,
• Konstantin Arutyunov,
• Vyacheslav Vdovin,
• Vladislav Stolyarov and
• Valerian Edelman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1931–1941, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.134

• a physical temperature of 0.26 K. The array structure was mounted in back-to-back horn matching structure with an optimum for 95 GHz and corresponding quasi-optical band-pass filters (Figure 9). I–V curves and dynamic resistances are presented in Figure 10a. The resistance ratio is 46, which

PEGylated lipids in lipid nanoparticle delivery dynamics and therapeutic innovation

• Peiyang Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1914–1930, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.133

• characterization and biological performance of LNPs were evaluated. These LNPs were able to maintain comparable sizes in the range of 46 to 58 nm. To further assess the impact of increased PEG density on protein adsorption, ApoE association to LNPs was quantified in vitro using fluorescence-labeled ApoE and size

• moieties through functionalized PEG lipids can overcome tumor heterogeneity and enhance cell uptake [42][45]. DBCO-azide click chemistry was used to develop PD-L1-targeted LNPs (Pep-LNPs) for tumor-selective mRNA delivery [46][47]. The functionalized PEG lipid DSPE-PEG2K-DBCO was conjugated with

Targeting the vector of arboviruses Aedes aegypti with nanoemulsions based on essential oils: a review with focus on larvicidal and repellent properties

• Laryssa Ferreira do Nascimento Silva,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Mariana Alice Gonzaga Gabú,
• Maria Cecilia Queiroga dos Santos,
• Daiane Rodrigues dos Santos,
• Mylena Lemos dos Santos,
• Gabriel Bezerra Faierstein,
• Rosângela Maria Rodrigues Barbosa and
• Fabio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1894–1913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.132

• environmental factors such as temperature, nutrient availability, water quality, and ecological interactions. Higher temperatures accelerate growth, while food scarcity and competition can prolong this phase [46][47][48]. The life cycle of Ae. aegypti (Figure 1) begins with the deposition of eggs by adult

Programmable soliton dynamics in all-Josephson-junction logic cells and networks

• Vsevolod I. Ruzhickiy,
• Anastasia A. Maksimovskaya,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Maxim V. Tereshonok,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.131

• synapses [46]). The ability of a living being to solve certain tasks depends precisely on the number of interneuronal connections. In their attempts to implement such complex systems in hardware, engineers and scientists inevitably face the problem of interconnects and the implementation of a huge number

On the road to sustainability – application of metallic nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis in dentistry: a scoping review

• Lorena Pinheiro Vasconcelos Silva,
• Joice Catiane Soares Martins,
• Israel Luís Carvalho Diniz,
• Júlio Abreu Miranda,
• Danilo Rodrigues de Souza,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Moan Jéfter Fernandes Costa and
• Pedro Henrique Sette-de-Souza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1851–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.128

• [45][46]. Besides silver, zinc, copper, and nickel, other metals have been used to a lesser extent. The significant representation of ZnO-NPs, known for their biocompatibility, UV-blocking capacity, and antibacterial efficacy, aligns with their growing use in restorative and preventive dentistry

• , including cements, sealants, and mouthwashes [8][45]. CuNPs and nickel oxide nanoparticles, though less frequent, are also gaining attention for their antimicrobial activity, despite some concerns regarding cytotoxicity [46][47]. The presence AuNPs and titanium dioxide nanoparticles highlights an interest

Phytol-loaded soybean oil nanoemulsion as a promising alternative against Leishmania amazonensis

• Victória Louise Pinto Freire,
• Mariana Farias Alves-Silva,
• Johny W. de Freitas Oliveira,
• Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa,
• Alianda Maira Cornélio,
• Marcelo de Souza-Silva,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros and
• Arnóbio Antônio da Silva Junior

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1826–1836, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.126

• [46]. Therefore, the metabolic activity of the fibroblast-like 3T3 cell line was assessed following treatment with the NEs to predict their cytocompatibility and, consequently, their safety. Similarly, promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis were subjected to the same treatments and conditions to

Further insights into the thermodynamics of linear carbon chains for temperatures ranging from 13 to 300 K

• Alexandre Rocha Paschoal,
• Thiago Alves de Moura,
• Juan S. Rodríguez-Hernández,
• Carlos William de Araujo Paschoal,
• Yoong Ahm Kim,
• Morinobu Endo and
• Paulo T. Araujo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.125

• the largest mechanical resistances among materials (including other carbon allotropic versions like graphene or nanotubes) [29][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], in addition to presenting unique conductive properties that place them ahead as ideal candidates for future developments in nanoelectronics [43

• ][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Moreover, due to its simplicity, LCC are like textbook problems in which many simple, but powerful, theories can be tested [29][30][31]. Until recently, many challenging questions regarding LCC stability have been raised [39][50][51][52][53]. Most of these questions regard

• approximation does not impair the analysis and conclusions of this paper. Finally, for the sake of clarity, Figure 2 shows results for representative LCC, while the full set of LCC is shown in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2. In total, four LCC with N = 38, 42, 46, and 50 (γP = 0.63, 0.66, 0.74, and

Advances of aptamers in esophageal cancer diagnosis, treatment and drug delivery

• Yang Fei,
• Hui Xu,
• Chunwei Zhang,
• Jingjing Wang and
• Yong Jin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1734–1750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.121

• a single biometric element to directly analyze biomarkers [45][46], while dual-system biosensors combine two antibodies and/or aptamers [47] into a better composite material to improve the specificity and sensitivity of the sensor. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a gold nanoparticle aptasensor

Multifunctional anionic nanoemulsion with linseed oil and lecithin: a preliminary approach for dry eye disease

• Niédja Fittipaldi Vasconcelos,
• Almerinda Agrelli,
• Rayane Cristine Santos da Silva,
• Carina Lucena Mendes-Marques,
• Isabel Renata de Souza Arruda,
• Priscilla Stela Santana de Oliveira,
• Mércia Liane de Oliveira and
• Giovanna Machado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1711–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.120

• fatty acids, whether they are saturated or unsaturated [45][46]. Lecithins rich in unsaturated fatty acids (especially those with cis-double bonds, which create molecular kinks) tend to form micellar or disordered colloidal structures because these conformational kinks hinder tight molecular packing

Beyond the bilayer: multilayered hygroscopic actuation in pine cone scales

• Kim Ulrich,
• Max David Mylo,
• Tom Masselter,
• Fabian Scheckenbach,
• Sophia Fischerbauer,
• Martin Nopens,
• Silja Flenner,
• Imke Greving,
• Linnea Hesse and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1695–1710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.119

• radial shrinkage is highest for the sclerenchyma fibers and lowest for the sclereids, which can be explained by the microfibril angle. The angle of the microfibrils can not only limit cell expansion along its longitudinal direction, but also constrict radial shrinkage like a belt [46][47]. Since the

Ambient pressure XPS at MAX IV

• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Ulrike Küst,
• Alexander Klyushin,
• Rosemary Jones,
• Jan Knudsen,
• Robert Temperton,
• Andrey Shavorskiy and
• Esko Kokkonen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1677–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.118

• , even on topologically complex surfaces, making it essential for the fabrication of next-generation devices [46][47][48]. In the semiconductor industry, ALD enables the creation of nanoscale transistors and high-k dielectric materials, essential for shrinking transistor dimensions and enhancing