Nanoscale capacitance spectroscopy based on multifrequency electrostatic force microscopy

• Pascal N. Rohrbeck,
• Lukas D. Cavar,
• Franjo Weber,
• Peter G. Reichel,
• Mara Niebling and
• Stefan A. L. Weber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 637–651, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.49

• directly are referred to as scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54], whereas methods measuring the capacitive tip–sample force are referred to as scanning capacitance force microscopy (SCFM) [24][25][55

A formulation containing Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil: improvement of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

• Ailton Santos Sena-Júnior,
• Cleverton Nascimento Santana Andrade,
• Pedro Henrique Macedo Moura,
• Jocsã Hémany Cândido dos Santos,
• Cauãn Torres Trancoso,
• Eloia Emanuelly Dias Silva,
• Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues Silva,
• Ênio Pereira Telles,
• Luiz André Santos Silva,
• Isabella Lima Dantas Teles,
• Sara Fernanda Mota de Almeida,
• Daniel Alves de Souza,
• Jileno Ferreira Santos,
• Felipe José Aidar Martins,
• Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva,
• Sandra Lauton-Santos,
• Guilherme Rodolfo Souza de Araujo,
• Cristiane Bani Correa,
• Rogéria De Souza Nunes,
• Lysandro Pinto Borges and
• Ana Amélia Moreira Lira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 617–636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.48

• ) significantly reduced the values when compared to the negative control group (2.76 mg/dL) and the positive control group (2.85 mg/dL) (Figure 8C). Regarding renal markers, Dobhal et al. [46] showed in their study an increase in uric acid levels in rats after inducing diabetes and a significant reduction in

Polyurethane/silk fibroin-based electrospun membranes for wound healing and skin substitute applications

• Iqra Zainab,
• Zohra Naseem,
• Syeda Rubab Batool,
• Muhammad Waqas,
• Ahsan Nazir and
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 591–612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.46

• ]. Electrospun nanofibrous membrane as a dermal substitute Millions of individuals worldwide are affected by a leading source of morbidity, which is chronic non-healing wounds with extensive injury areas [46]. For the management of such wounds, bioresorbable skin substitutes with optimum biomechanical

Feasibility analysis of carbon nanofiber synthesis and morphology control using a LPG premixed flame

• Iftikhar Rahman Bishal,
• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Faizuan Bin Abdullah,
• I Putu Tedy Indrayana and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 581–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.45

• equivalence ratio was reduced to 1.6, the average diameter of CNF increased by 46% to 114 nm, with amorphous carbon observed. The said observation is due to the effects of the increased flame temperature as the equivalence ratio approaches stoichiometry conditions from the rich side. This increases the

Functionalized gold nanoflowers on carbon screen-printed electrodes: an electrochemical platform for biosensing hemagglutinin protein of influenza A H1N1 virus

• Carlos Enrique Torres-Méndez,
• Sharmilee Nandi,
• Klara Martinovic,
• Patrizia Kühne,
• Yifan Liu,
• Sam Taylor,
• Maria Lysandrou,
• Maria Ines Berrojo Romeyro Mascarenhas,
• Viktoria Langwallner,
• Javier Enrique Sebastián Alonso,
• Ivana Jovanovic,
• Maike Lüftner,
• Georgia-Vasiliki Gkountana,
• David Bern,
• Abdul-Raouf Atif,
• Ehsan Manouchehri Doulabi,
• Gemma Mestres and
• Masood Kamali-Moghaddam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 540–550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.42

• measurements [46]. Furthermore, compatibility with microfluidic devices is important for the development of portable biosensing devices with automated functions and of simple use. Different antigens of the influenza A H1N1 virus have been targeted for detection over the years. In order to make a substantial

Electron beam-based direct writing of nanostructures using a palladium β-ketoesterate complex

• Chinmai Sai Jureddy,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Patrik Hoffmann and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 530–539, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.41

• , calculated using the method of Kanaya and Okayama [46], is outlined with a yellow border. The prominent silicon peak indicates that thin film correction of EDX data is necessary for the accurate quantification of the thin Pd-containing FEB deposit. Using thickness values from AFM measurements and Stratagem

N₂⁺-implantation-induced tailoring of structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of sputtered molybdenum thin films

• Usha Rani,
• Kafi Devi,
• Divya Gupta and
• Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 495–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.38

• film thickness and peaks between 300 and 700 nm, corresponding to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of molybdenum nanoparticles [45][46]. The formation of defects through ion irradiation increased the scattering of light and absorption within the film, resulting in enhanced overall

Performance optimization of a microwave-coupled plasma-based ultralow-energy ECR ion source for silicon nanostructuring

• Joy Mukherjee,
• Safiul Alam Mollick,
• Tanmoy Basu and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 484–494, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.37

• extents of near-surface mass transport by the surface-confined ion-enhanced viscous flow [46]. Here, up to an ion incidence angle of 58°, the surface becomes unstable under 450 eV Ar-ion bombardment. Due to sputtering, a well-defined ripple formation is found after 1 h of 450 eV Ar-ion bombardment. With

Impact of adsorbate–substrate interaction on nanostructured thin films growth during low-pressure condensation

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 473–483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.36

• = 0.5, that is, the spatial integration step; Δt = 10−3 is the time step. The Fourier spectral method is used [45][46] to take spatial derivatives. As initial conditions, we assume that the substrate is free of adsorbates by taking x(r,0) = 0; boundary conditions are periodic. We fix σ2 = 0.01 for all

Synthetic-polymer-assisted antisense oligonucleotide delivery: targeted approaches for precision disease treatment

• Ana Cubillo Alvarez,
• Dylan Maguire and
• Ruairí P. Brannigan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 435–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.34

• amounts of tissue that need to be targeted to achieve a therapeutic response, and the large degree of tissue-to-tissue variability [44][45][46][47]. Negatively charged ASOs including phosphorothioate backbone oligonucleotides (PS), gapmer ASOs, tcDNA, and LNAs can interact with plasma proteins, which

• oligonucleotides [150]. In vitro experiments revealed that anodal iontophoresis of ASO–dendrimer complexes considerably improved ASO skin penetration and cellular uptake, leading to a 46% inhibition of Bcl-2 expression compared to just 20% with passive delivery of free ASOs. Additionally, in vivo studies showed a

Size control of nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquids using donut-shaped beams

• Abdel Rahman Altakroury,
• Oleksandr Gatsa,
• Farbod Riahi,
• Zongwen Fu,
• Miroslava Flimelová,
• Andrei Samokhvalov,
• Stephan Barcikowski,
• Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
• Alexander V. Bulgakov and
• Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 407–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.31

• medicine for gold [9][29], strengthened ceramics and steels for high-temperature applications for Y2O3 [45][46][47], and catalysis and energy storage for HEAs [48][49]. The produced NPs are compared with those obtained with Gaussian beams. The evolution of the PLAL-generated cavitation bubble dynamics was

Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

• Ahmet Baki Sahin,
• Serdar Karakurt and
• Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

• ± 3.9)%. To our knowledge, the range of encapsulation efficiency (EE) values determined in studies conducted with alginate-based nanoparticles was 7–90% [46][47]. As examples, Fernando et al., produced nanoparticles by a water-in-oil emulsification/external gelation process with EE values of 36% [48

Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

• Madeleine K. Wilsey,
• Teona Taseska,
• Qishen Lyu,
• Connor P. Cox and
• Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

• fit the data, including an asymmetric peak and a shake-up peak, in keeping with previously reported XPS data of graphitic carbon [45][46][47][48]. The asymmetric peak with a central binding energy range of 284.5 to 285.0 eV was assigned to graphitic carbon, in agreement with reported values [49][50

Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• sp2 carbon domain and structural disorders raised due to various factors, respectively [45][46]. Further, the presence of a well-defined D band in the Raman spectra of GO could be attributed to the chemical conversion of graphitic sp2 carbon into oxygen-rich functional groups such as C=O, C–OH, and C

Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts

• Yunus Ahmed,
• Keya Rani Dutta,
• Parul Akhtar,
• Md. Arif Hossen,
• Md. Jahangir Alam,
• Obaid A. Alharbi,
• Hamad AlMohamadi and
• Abdul Wahab Mohammad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 264–285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.21

Preferential enrichment and extraction of laser-synthesized nanoparticles in organic phases

• Theo Fromme,
• Maximilian L. Spiekermann,
• Florian Lehmann,
• Stephan Barcikowski,
• Thomas Seidensticker and
• Sven Reichenberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 254–263, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.20

• from a biphasic to a monophasic state depending on the applied temperature and have been widely studied in homogeneous catalysis [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. The TMSs used in this study consist of a propylene carbonate (PC) phase (bottom) and an alcohol phase (top) and convert between the

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

• Radmila Milenkovska,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Petre Makreski,
• Dushko Lukarski,
• Igor Stojkovski,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
• Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

• values for TMZ loading efficacy and content were achieved, ranging from 42% to 67% and from 11% to 18%, respectively (Table 1), which are in the scope of values reported for nanocarriers of TMZ (27% to 89% and 4% to 11%, respectively) [44][45][46]. The higher values achieved for plain (non-functionalized

• loading efficacy and content in these formulations (around 42% and 11%, respectively, for MWCNTs-PEG6000-FA-TMZ and 46% and 13%, respectively, for MWCNTs-G-PEG6000-FA-TMZ; Table 1). When the CNs were PEGylated, an increase in zeta potential was observed (−38.38 and −46.05 mV vs −21.40 and −22.30 mV for

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• efficient process with photothermal conversion nearing 100% efficiency (see below in Figure 2a) [45][46][47]. The specific absorption wavelength of these metals is closely linked to their extinction cross section and particle size and shape, which are greatly influenced by the chemical capping agents and

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

• of their outstanding gas adsorption capabilities [30][45]. The topic of MOF-based gas separation and CO2 capture has been extensively addressed in comprehensive reviews [26][46][47][48][49]. A succinct account of MOF development for CO2 capture is proposed in the next paragraphs to better understand

TiO₂ immobilized on 2D mordenite: effect of hydrolysis conditions on structural, textural, and optical characteristics of the nanocomposites

• Marina G. Shelyapina,
• Rosario Isidro Yocupicio-Gaxiola,
• Gleb A. Valkovsky and
• Vitalii Petranovskii

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 128–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.12

• ][46]. Hydrolysis in 70% ethanol solution results in higher Eg values, about 3.27 eV, which are typical for anatase nanoparticles [45]. It should be noticed that according to a number of studies, the bandgap width in TiO2/zeolite composites depends both on the topology of the zeolite framework [47] and

Nanocarriers and macrophage interaction: from a potential hurdle to an alternative therapeutic strategy

• Naths Grazia Sukubo,
• Paolo Bigini and
• Annalisa Morelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 97–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.10

• demonstrated by Ji and colleagues in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced fibrosis, where they inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts [46]. An alternative to depletion is the inhibition of KCs through chloroquine, an antimalaria agent that inhibits macrophage-specific endocytosis, or

• liver fibrosis and HCC [92][93]. NCs co-loaded with clodronate and nintedanib have reduced fibrosis by depleting or inhibiting KCs, thus decreasing pro-fibrogenic activity [46]. These targeted approaches enhance precision, minimize off-target effects, and improve treatment efficacy. Scavenger receptors

Instance maps as an organising concept for complex experimental workflows as demonstrated for (nano)material safety research

• Benjamin Punz,
• Maja Brajnik,
• Joh Dokler,
• Jaleesia D. Amos,
• Litty Johnson,
• Katie Reilly,
• Anastasios G. Papadiamantis,
• Amaia Green Etxabe,
• Lee Walker,
• Diego S. T. Martinez,
• Steffi Friedrichs,
• Klaus M. Weltring,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli,
• Claus Svendsen,
• Christine Ogilvie Hendren,
• Mark R. Wiesner,
• Martin Himly,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Thomas E. Exner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 57–77, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.7

• immunologically active in different ways but are overall considered to be safe [46]. In some studies, the impact of material surface (nanotopography) and functional modifications on API binding (molecular initiating event according to the “adverse outcome pathway” concept [47]) were investigated. In other studies

Theoretical study of the electronic and optical properties of a composite formed by the zeolite NaA and a magnetite cluster

• Joel Antúnez-García,
• Roberto Núñez-González,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• H’Linh Hmok,
• Armando Reyes-Serrato,
• Fabian N. Murrieta-Rico,
• Mufei Xiao and
• Jonathan Zamora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 44–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.5

• nanoparticles, sodium Linde A Type (LTA) zeolite, also known as NaA zeolite, stands out for its remarkable capacity and selectivity to capture various types of metals commonly found as contaminants in drinking water. These metals include Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Co, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cs, and Sr [42][43][44][45][46

A nanocarrier containing carboxylic and histamine groups with dual action: acetylcholine hydrolysis and antidote atropine delivery

• Elina E. Mansurova,
• Andrey A. Maslennikov,
• Anna P. Lyubina,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Anzhela A. Mikhailova,
• Polina V. Mikshina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Igor S. Antipin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 11–24, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.2

• , 134, 126, 124, 120, 108, 61, 46, 41, 39, 34, 30, 18; IR (KBr, cm−1): 3500–3000, 2938, 1608, 1476; Anal. calcd for C64H88Cl4N12O12: C, 56.55; H, 6.53; Cl, 10.43; N, 12.37; found: C, 56.48; H, 6.78; Cl, 10.20; N, 11.89. Synthesis of CA-RA 1. To a solution of 7 g (9.7 mmol) of RA in 100 mL of acetone

Orientation-dependent photonic bandgaps in gold-dust weevil scales and their titania bioreplicates

• Norma Salvadores Farran,
• Limin Wang,
• Primoz Pirih and
• Bodo D. Wilts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.1

• [40], 1.50–1.95 [41] and hybrid organotitania (1.75–2.05 [42], 1.55–1.65 [43]). This is lower than the tabulated values of titania prepared by, for example, layer deposition (2.10 [44], 2.40 [45], see also [46][47]), but higher than that of pure silica replicas (1.50 [18]). This is not unexpected as