Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• ], porous aluminum oxide [38], and semiconductors [39] have been reported. Dielectric and semiconductor substrates, such as ZnO nanowires, silicon nanowires, and porous silicon (PS), are particularly popular because of their larger contribution to the amplification of the Raman signal and longer shelf life

Humidity-dependent electrical performance of CuO nanowire networks studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

• Jelena Kosmaca,
• Juris Katkevics,
• Jana Andzane,
• Raitis Sondors,
• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Kiryl Niherysh,
• Yelyzaveta Rublova and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 683–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.54

• ]. Copper oxide (CuO) nanowires are excellent candidates for applications in such devices owing to the inexpensive, simple and scalable bottom-up synthesis, and robust physical properties [7][8][9]. A high specific surface area of nanowires and a p-type semiconductor structure are suggested for highly

• sensitive and fast responding nanowire-based gas sensors for the detection of CO, C2H5OH, H2S, and NO2 [10][11][12][13][14]. Unusually strong space-charge-limited currents observed in individual CuO nanowires [15] in combination with the mechanical strength [9][16] motivate their application as durable

• nanowires in combination with good electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power reaching 500 µV/K enables their application as p-type components for environmentally friendly thermoelectric devices [3][4]. Investigating the influence of relative humidity (RH) and understanding conductivity mechanisms in

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

Thermal transport in kinked nanowires through simulation

• Alexander N. Robillard,
• Graham W. Gibson and
• Ralf Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 586–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.49

• Alexander N. Robillard Graham W. Gibson Ralf Meyer Bharti School of Engineering and Computer Science, Laurentian University, Sudbury P3E 2C6, Canada 10.3762/bjnano.14.49 Abstract The thermal conductance of nanowires is an oft-explored quantity, but its dependence on the nanowire shape is not

• completely understood. The behaviour of the conductance is examined as kinks of varying angular intensity are included into nanowires. The effects on thermal transport are evaluated through molecular dynamics simulations, phonon Monte Carlo simulations and classical solutions of the Fourier equation. A

• investigations of kinked, serpentine, or chicaned nanowires, that is, wires with one or more right angles preventing a straight path along the wire between two temperature-controlled areas. While there are studies devoted to simulation [15][16], several examples of synthesis for these nanowires and nanosystems

ZnO-decorated SiC@C hybrids with strong electromagnetic absorption

• Liqun Duan,
• Zhiqian Yang,
• Yilu Xia,
• Xiaoqing Dai,
• Jian’an Wu and
• Minqian Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 565–573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.47

• of SiC nanomaterials through surface carbonization of SiC nanowires and hydrolysis. SiC@C-ZnO composites were synthesized with different dosages of ZnNO3·6H2O. Composition, microstructure, and electromagnetic properties of the composites were characterized and analyzed. Results from TEM and XRD show

• mm). The excellent properties of the materials suggest great prospect as electromagnetic absorbers. Keywords: carbon; dielectric; electromagnetic absorption; SiC nanowires; ZnO; Introduction With increasing functionality of electronic devices, the widening of the working frequency bands, and the

• ]. Nevertheless, the EM absorption of most SiC-based absorbers with heterostructures is far from satisfactory [21][22][23]. In our previous work, SiC@C nanowires have been successfully obtained by surface carbonization of SiC nanowires [24]. Carbon materials are prone to bond with other dielectric or magnetic

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• solvent casting/particle leaching process. Then, the polymeric photothermal material PANI nanowires were cross-linked to the p-PEGDA hydrogels. This manufacturing process is simple, time-saving, and cost-effective (Figure 7a). The strong absorption capability of PANI was verified by its absorption

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• systems. In this section, organic synthesis induced by probe microscopy and related examples are presented. Although these studies have not been always called nanoarchitectonics, their content deserves to be considered molecular nanoarchitectonics. Okawa and Aono fabricated nanowires of polydiacetylene by

• molecule–polymer nanoconjugates consisting of C60 molecules and polydiacetylene nanowires at designated locations on a solid surface (Figure 2). First, diacetylene monomers were self-assembled on the solid substrate. Then, polydiacetylene nanowires were formed by chain polymerization between the monomer

• nanowire and the corresponding chemical structure are also shown. In this attempt, phenylene–ethynylene nanowires with alternating polymerization of phenylene and tetrafluorophenylene have been successfully synthesized while simultaneously imaging the molecules. Sonogashira reactions at the surface are

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• visible in Bi nanowires with a diameter of around 1–3 nm, but as the diameter increased, they became less visible because of the intense quantum confinement effect. In addition to the electronic properties of Bi, its outstanding optical properties have a big impact on how effective it is as a

• photocatalyst that can be applied industrially for the remediation of a variety of pollutants in contaminated water. First, photocatalytic activity is significantly influenced by the morphology (e.g., nanoplates, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods, nanocuboids, nanoflakes, nanosheets, nanocapsules, nanocasts, or

Formation of nanoflowers: Au and Ni silicide cores surrounded by SiO_x branches

• Feitao Li,
• Siyao Wan,
• Dong Wang and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.14

• to the strong ability of Au to enhance SiO2 decomposition, and nanoflowers with less difference in their branches can be observed across the whole sample. Keywords: Au/Ni bilayers; dewetting; vapor–liquid–solid; SiO2 decomposition; SiOx nanowires; Introduction Substantial efforts have been devoted

• and surrounding SiOx nanowires (NWs) show a significant enhancement of the photoluminescence (PL) emission compared with pure SiOx NWs due to the coupling effect between the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au nanoparticles and the PL emission of SiOx [2]. Similar Au–SiOx nanoflowers have

• concentrations, which means that EDS measured only substrate and branch parts. In accordance with previous works [3][4], the nanoflowers can be identified as heterostructures with a core particle and surrounding SiOx nanowires. The core particle is made of segregated Ni silicide and Au, which can be proved by

Frontiers of nanoelectronics: intrinsic Josephson effect and prospects of superconducting spintronics

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Horst Hahn and
• Vladimir Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 79–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.9

• applications, such as: Plasma modes in capacitively coupled superconducting nanowires have been predicted [24]. It has been demonstrated that in the presence of inter-wire coupling plasma modes, each of the modes get split into two "new" modes propagating with different velocities across the system. The

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• ssDNA recognition elements [31]. As per our observation, this is the first application of an electrochemical DNA biosensor for BT detection. Kusnin et al. [57] employed silicon nanowires/platinum nanoparticles (SiNWs/PtNPs) on a SPCE for the detection of porcine DNA. The few studies conducted earlier

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• ), nanorods (NRs), nanowires (NWs), nanobelts (NBs), nanotubes (NTs), nanoflowers (NFs) and chiral nanostructures [6][7][8][9][10]. Trigonal tellurium (t-Te) MLs have also been recently proposed as a silicon successor for nanoelectronics because of their high hole mobility and current density [3]. Combining

• capping with Al2O3 [12]. Theoretical works have also demonstrated that field-effect transistors (FETs) with single n-type trigonal Te NWs outperform the ones built with three trigonal Te NWs [14]. One important group of nanostructures, different from hollow nanotubes and solid nanowires, is NBs. NBs have

• ionization energy of the defects found on these nanostructures also favors the control of doping and, consequently, the electrical properties of the nanowires. These superior quality transport properties demonstrate the potential use of t-Te roll-like nanostructures for electronic device applications. (a–c

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• response mechanism was further explored to construct a highly selective and sensitive silver-doped gold-based bimetallic nanocluster fluorescent probe. Metal nanowire probe Nanowires have become a hot research topic as high aspect ratio structures [28][29][30]. In addition to their plain geometry, the

• robustness and durability of nanowire scanning probes are also crucial. Due to their unique properties in electrical, magnetic, and optical research fields [31][32][33], metal nanowires have been prepared by various methods and applied in various fields by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years. Tay

• channel structures. A faster, one-step technique for growing gold nanowires at the tips of commercial conductive AFM is proposed compared to the above methods. Bakhti et al. [35] grew gold nanowires at the tips of conductive AFM nanoprobes by electroreduction direct deposition based on the deposition of

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• nanoparticles, nanowires, and nanosheets. In the construction of devices, nanomaterial units are stacked in thin layers or blocks, and gaps are formed between the units, allowing for the formation of nanoscale networks in the stacked regions. When the nanoparticles, nanowires, or nanosheets are stacked in a non

• maximum Voc of 0.6 V and an Isc of 0.3 μA (Figure 4b,c). TiO2 nanowires provided an open-circuit voltage of 0.5 V and microampere-level short-circuit currents through a rich 3D nanoscale network. In a Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheet generator, the wicking rates of the samples after sonication were increased, and

• is the highest instantaneous current measured in nanomaterial MEG devices. Moreover, the preparation method of metal compound nanomaterials is mature, and different morphologies can be obtained, such as nanoparticles of Al2O3, nanowires of TiO2, Ni–Al layered structures, and nanosheets of MXene

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• et al. prepared supportless Ag nanowires and 1D mesoporous hollow AgPdPt nanotubes by micelle-assisted galvanic replacement followed by acid etching. They found that hollow AgPdPt structures exhibited a better ORR activity with onset and half-wave potential of 0.99 V and 0.90 V vs RHE, respectively

Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces

• Jānis Sniķeris,
• Vjačeslavs Gerbreders,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Ēriks Sļedevskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87

• . However, some studies suggest that this process may not always be so simple. Ueda and Yoshimura [27] reported the fabrication of free-standing nanowires on various metal surfaces (Al, Ag, Au, Cu, Pt, Ta, Ti, and W) via EBID with pump oil (hydrocarbons) as a precursor. It was observed that the substrate

• material greatly affects the growth rate of the nanowires, with the Cu surface providing the fastest growth. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed the presence of both carbon and substrate materials in the nanowires. The effect of substrate material on nanowire growth rate could be attributed

• to different adhesion coefficients between the surface and hydrocarbons. Results from EDX measurements strongly suggest that metal atoms or ions are capable of moving within carbon–metal nanowires under the influence of EB. High Ag ion mobility under electric fields or EB has also been reported in

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP₁₅ nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

• Zhaoxuan Huang,
• Zhikang Jiang,
• Nan Tian,
• Disheng Yao,
• Fei Long,
• Yanhan Yang and
• Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

• Abstract The KP15 nanowires with one-dimensional properties has a defect-free surface, high anisotropy, and carrier mobility which is desirable for the development of novel nanodevices. However, the preparation of nanoscale KP15 is still inefficient. In this work, the Hansen solubility parameters of KP15

• were first obtained. Based on the Hansen's empirical theory, the concentration of liquid-exfoliated KP15 nanowires was improved to 0.0458 mg·mL−1 by a solution containing 50% water and 50% acetone. Approximately 79% of the KP15 nanowires had a thickness value below 50 nm and 60.9% of them had a width

• value below 100 nm. The thinnest KP15 nanowires reached 5.1 nm and had smooth boundaries. Meanwhile, strong temperature-dependent Raman response in exfoliated KP15 nanowires has been observed, which indicates a strong phonon–phonon coupling in those nanowires. This is helpful for non-invasive

Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids

• Adil Loya,
• Antash Najib,
• Fahad Aziz,
• Asif Khan,
• Guogang Ren and
• Kun Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.54

• nanoparticles change thermal conductivity, as investigated by Zhu et al. [24]. In their research, CuO nanowires and nanospheres were dispersed in a dimethicone base fluid, and it was found that changes in the crystalline structure of nanoparticles change the kinetics of the base fluid [24]. In addition to this

• , it was further investigated that the thermal conductivity increases more with CuO nanowires than with CuO nanospheres. Only 6.98% of improvement was recorded with nanospheres, while 60.78% was recorded with nanowires. Ibrahim et al. [25] conducted a study using a neural network model (ANN) to study

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• controllable morphology [28]. Various morphologies including nanoworms, nanowires, and nanorods with excellent crystallinity were also obtained using the solvothermal method [25]. According to Chieng et al., the particle sizes of the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles are in correlation with the glycol chain length

• substrate covered with polystyrene spheres by atomic layer deposition, followed by electrodeposition, which was used to grow ZnO nanowires onto the surface. The Au layer was deposited after burning off the polystyrene spheres by electron beam evaporation while monitoring its thickness. Considering the

• alone, an effect which the authors assigned to the amplification of the chemical effect of the ZnO layer by the LSPR of the Au cores. In another study, Ag nanowires were prepared by a polyol process and core–shell Ag–ZnO heteronanowires were synthesized by a simple solution process adding Zn(NO3)2 and

A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification

• Jiri Kroutil,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Ali Ahmad,
• Jan Voves,
• Vojtech Povolny,
• Ladislav Klimsa,
• Marina Davydova and
• Miroslav Husak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34

• FERA3 GM), as shown in Figure 1a–h. All nanocomposite active layers, that is, PANI/ZnO, PANI/WO3 (nanopowder), PANI/WO3 (nanowires), PANI/In2O3, PANI/C60, PANI/NCD, and PANI/BaTiO3 have similar morphological features with a uniform distribution of additives in polyaniline. We can observe small ZnO

• flakes and WO3 nanowires homogeneously distributed in the layers. Pristine PANI was examined by SEM (Figure 1h) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman spectrometer Renishaw inVia Qontor) at room temperature with 633 nm excitation wavelength (Figure 2). The spectrum of pristine PANI is typical of the emeraldine

• Sn0.63Pb0.37. The sensor size array is 16.2 mm (width) × 16.2 mm (length) with the sensing layer size of 1.7 mm × 1.7 mm. A pin header connector is used for connection of the sensor array. Sensor arrays with PANI/nanocomposite (PANI/ZnO, PANI/WO3 (nanopowder), PANI/WO3 (nanowires), PANI/In2O3, PANI/C60, PANI

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• structure of the flexible devices. Nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switches made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [2][3][4], graphene (GR) [5][6][7], nanowires (NWs) [8][9][10], and other flexible materials are the most basic devices for a variety of component and system level applications, such as low-loss switches

• electrode materials include CNTs, GR, and silicon/germanium nanowires. CNT-NEM switches CNTs are an ideal flexible material for NEM electrodes because of the high aspect ratio, current density, and excellent tensile strength. In 2000, Rueckes et al. [13] observed the electromechanical conversion in CNTs for

• can greatly simplify the circuit volume of traditional PN junctions and increase the circuit integration. NWs-NEM switches Single-crystal nanowires are excellent candidates for NEM switches due to their uniform chemical and physical structure, and good reproducibility of structure and composition

Plasma modes in capacitively coupled superconducting nanowires

• Alex Latyshev,
• Andrew G. Semenov and
• Andrei D. Zaikin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 292–297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.24

• Moscow, Russia Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.13.24 Abstract We investigate plasma oscillations in long electromagnetically coupled superconducting nanowires. We demonstrate that in the presence of inter

• the low-temperature behavior of the systems under consideration. Keywords: plasma modes; quantum fluctuations, quantum phase slips; superconducting nanowires; Introduction Physical properties of ultrathin superconducting nanowires differ strongly from those of bulk superconductors owing to a

• |Δ| in superconducting nanowires one finds [5]: where Rξ is the normal-state resistance of the wire segment of length equal to the superconducting coherence length ξ and Rq = 2π/e2 ≃ 25.8 kΩ is the quantum resistance unit. For generic metallic nanowires one typically has Rξ ≪ Rq, implying that

Investigation of a memory effect in a Au/(Ti–Cu)Ox-gradient thin film/TiAlV structure

• Damian Wojcieszak,
• Jarosław Domaradzki,
• Michał Mazur,
• Tomasz Kotwica and
• Danuta Kaczmarek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 265–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.21

• [2][21][39]. Some examples of resistive switching behavior were also found in structures based on nanowires [40] or nanotubes [25][40], where the resistive switching device is characterized by the presence of a pinched or nonpinched hysteresis loop in the I–V characteristics in the DC plane. Our

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• nanostructures such as nanotubes and nanowires have been utilized in photoelectrochemical sensing for the rapid and precise identification of biological analytes at low concentrations, useful for clinical diagnosis. These nanostructures have been employed for sensing humidity, oxygen, and hydrogen, inclusive of

• , were also used to improve the titania implant properties, and the material showed significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with sustained release of vancomycin [64]. Furthermore, the biological activity of TiO2 nanowires, nanofibres, and nanoneedles, was investigated and

• compared to that of Ti6Al4V, which is typically utilized in implants. Results revealed that more fibroblast cells proliferated on all specimens of nanofibers as well as on the nanowires arrays when the incubation period was increased; however, this behavior was not observed in the case of nanoneedles [65