The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• acid ligands were also deposited as films. The authors report that the carboxylate moieties enabled ligand removal at low sintering temperatures (150 °C) so that nanoparticles coalesced and formed a continuous layer with conductivities between 39.2 and 47.6 S/cm [46]. The ω-functionalities of surface

Synthesis of [{AgO₂CCH₂OMe(PPh₃)}_n] and theoretical study of its use in focused electron beam induced deposition

• Jelena Tamuliene,
• Julian Noll,
• Peter Frenzel,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Alexander Jakob,
• Bernhard Walfort and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2615–2624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.262

• coordination polymer in the solid state as evidenced by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. The coordination geometry at Ag+ is of the [3 + 1] type, whereby the carboxylate anions act as bridging ligands. The formation of PPh3–Ag(I) coordinative bonds results in distorted T-shaped AgPO2 units, which are

• O2CCH2OMe− is generated, further following the first fragmentation route. However, at 1.3 eV the initial step is decarboxylation giving [AgCH2OMe(PPh3)], followed by Ag–P and Ag–C bond cleavages. Keywords: DFT; DSC; FEBID; silver(I) carboxylate; solid-state structure; TGA; Introduction Focused electron

• silver(I) carboxylate [{AgO2CCH2OMe}n] (1), which gives [{AgO2CCH2OMe(PPh3)}n] (2), when treated with equimolar amounts of PPh3 (Scheme 1). Coordination polymers 1 and 2 are colorless solids, which are stable towards air and moisture and hence can be safely handled under aerobe conditions. Silver

Application of visible-light photosensitization to form alkyl-radical-derived thin films on gold

• Rashanique D. Quarels,
• Xianglin Zhai,
• Neepa Kuruppu,
• Jenny K. Hedlund,
• Ashley A. Ellsworth,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Jayne C. Garno and
• Justin R. Ragains

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1863–1877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.187

• have to be small relative to the number of decyl radicals or decane molecules deposited in the film. The presence of the oxygen-containing ions also indicates that some of the deposited layer may be bound to the substrate via Au–carboxylate (CO2–Au) bonds [67][68] which have also been observed in the

Synthesis and functionalization of NaGdF₄:Yb,Er@NaGdF₄ core–shell nanoparticles for possible application as multimodal contrast agents

• Dovile Baziulyte-Paulaviciene,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas,
• Marius Stasys,
• Greta Jarockyte,
• Vilius Poderys,
• Simas Sakirzanovas and
• Ricardas Rotomskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1815–1824, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.183

• peaks of oleate ligands. The absorption peak at 1710 cm−1 (Figure 3f) corresponds to the stretching vibration of C=O in pure oleic acid (Figure 3a) which is replaced by two carboxylate stretching bands (1560 and 1447 cm−1 in Figure 3e), which indicates oleate ligand adsorption on the UCNP surface. Tween

Methionine-mediated synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and functionalization with gold quantum dots for theranostic applications

• Arūnas Jagminas,
• Agnė Mikalauskaitė,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas and
• Jūrate Vaičiūnienė

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1734–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.174

• has been previously reported, such frequency downshift is due to the direct interaction of the carboxylate group of the amino acid with the NP surface [43]. We also suspect that the appearance of the significantly stronger symmetric vibration mode in the FTIR spectrum of gold decorated NPs at 1515 cm

Deposition of exchange-coupled dinickel complexes on gold substrates utilizing ambidentate mercapto-carboxylato ligands

• Martin Börner,
• Laura Blömer,
• Marcus Kischel,
• Peter Richter,
• Georgeta Salvan,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Maria E. N. Fuentes,
• Carlos C. B. Bufon,
• Daniel Grimm,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Daniel Breite,
• Bernd Abel and
• Berthold Kersting

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1375–1387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.139

• (Scheme 1), L’ an ambidentate coligand, and M is a paramagnetic transition metal ion, usually MnII, FeII, CoII, or NiII [37]. The ambidentate phosphane-carboxylato [38] and thiol-carboxylato coligands H2L2 and H1L3 (Figure 1) were found to bind selectively via their carboxylate function to form the

• labels are collected in Scheme 2. The compounds were prepared in analogy to the synthesis of [Ni2L(HL2)](ClO4) (2) [39]. Thus, treatment of [Ni2L(μ-Cl)](ClO4) (1) [43][44] with a slight excess of the triethylammonium salt of the corresponding mercapto-carboxylate anion (prepared in situ from the free

• (L’)]+ cations (Table 1) were consistent with the formulation as mixed ligand [Ni2L(L’)](ClO4) complexes. It has already been demonstrated that the [Ni2L]2+ dication has a higher affinity for carboxylate ions than for thiophenolate groups, and that the former, when attached to [Ni2L]2+, invariably

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA. QDs are composed of a CdSe core with a ZnS shell that are coated with amphiphilic polymers and functionalized with carboxylate. The QDs have an emission maximum at 655 nm. Xu et al. measured the hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles to be 14.55 ± 4.157 nm and a zeta

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of cell lysates mixed with silver nanoparticles for tumor classification

• Mohamed Hassoun,
• Iwan W.Schie,
• Tatiana Tolstik,
• Sarmiza E. Stanca,
• Christoph Krafft and
• Juergen Popp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1183–1190, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.120

• raw spectra were baseline-subtracted and normalized. Figure 3 shows the processed mean SERS spectra and the standard deviation for each of the four cell lines Capan-1, HepG2, MCF-7 and Sk-Hep1. The band at 660 cm−1 is assigned to carboxylate [25]. Spectral contributions of adenine from nucleic acids

• 900 cm−1 in PC4 loadings. In general, we did not notice a significant difference in the amide content inside the four cell lines. The main differences were assigned to vibrations of nucleic acids, CH2/3 from the whole cell contents and the carboxylate moieties. The score values of the first four PCs

Tuning the spin coherence time of Cu(II)−(bis)oxamato and Cu(II)−(bis)oxamidato complexes by advanced ESR pulse protocols

• Ruslan Zaripov,
• Evgeniya Vavilova,
• Iskander Khairuzhdinov,
• Kev Salikhov,
• Violeta Voronkova,
• Mohammad A. Abdulmalic,
• Francois E. Meva,
• Saddam Weheabby,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Bernd Büchner and
• Vladislav Kataev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 943–955, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.96

• some of us [10][28]. Due to the coordination of two deprotonated amido nitrogen atoms and two carboxylate oxygen atoms for P1 the formation of a CuO2N2 coordination unit was observed [28], cf. Figure 1. It is to note, that not only the CuO2N2 unit but the whole complex fragment P1 was observed as

Probing the magnetic superexchange couplings between terminal Cu^II ions in heterotrinuclear bis(oxamidato) type complexes

• Mohammad A. Abdulmalic,
• Saddam Weheabby,
• Francois E. Meva,
• Azar Aliabadi,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Frederik Schleife,
• Berthold Kersting and
• Tobias Rüffer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 789–800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.82

• the fourth one is significantly larger (11: 101.97(7)°; 12: 108.8(3)°). Thereby, the latter bond angle is the one created of the two carboxylate oxygen atoms of 11 or the two Nalkyl donor atoms of 12. This feature is due to the presence of 5-5-5 fused chelate rings around the NiII ion [17][24]. In

α-((4-Cyanobenzoyl)oxy)-ω-methyl poly(ethylene glycol): a new stabilizer for silver nanoparticles

• Jana Lutze,
• Miguel A. Bañares,
• Marcos Pita,
• Andrea Haase,
• Andreas Luch and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 627–635, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.67

• produces a negatively charged carboxylate (from 4-cyanobenzoic acid attached to the SNP surface) and a neutral alcohol (from the free PEG chains released from the surface). The –OH group does not affect the surface charge at pH 12 but the higher number of negative charges from the cleaved benzoic acid

• negative zeta potential at the beginning of the experiment is due to the presence of residual citrate and nitrate ions adsorbed on the particle surface that are not removed during CBAmPEG@SNP synthesis. This is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, which detects carboxylate groups (from citrate) and NO2

• electrostatic stabilization is likely somewhat stronger because the negatively charged carboxylate groups (from the cyanobenzoic acid moieties) also contribute to charging the SNP surface. Conclusion The current article describes synthesis and performance of α-((4-cyanobenzoyl)oxy)-ω-methyl poly(ethylene glycol

Investigation of the photocatalytic efficiency of tantalum alkoxy carboxylate-derived Ta₂O₅ nanoparticles in rhodamine B removal

• Subia Ambreen,
• Mohammad Danish,
• Narendra D. Pandey and
• Ashutosh Pandey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 604–613, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.65

• alkoxide over a period of 30 min at 25 °C. After stirring at ambient temperature for 10 h the solvent was removed in vacuo to give the compounds. General method for the synthesis of Ta2O5 nanoparticles The precursor tantalum alkoxide/alkoxy carboxylate (1 mmol) was dissolved in its respective parent

• dimeric in nature, i.e., the geometry of parent alkoxides is maintained. The replacement of alkoxy groups by chloroacetate ligands in Ta(OR)5 (OR = OEt/On-Bu) slows down the hydrolysis during the sol–gel process. The bidentate carboxylate groups are difficult to hydrolyze and therefore, alkoxy groups are

Methods for preparing polymer-decorated single exchange-biased magnetic nanoparticles for application in flexible polymer-based films

• Laurence Ourry,
• Delphine Toulemon,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 408–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.43

• of the resulting hybrid, namely polymer chains and inorganic NPs (e.g., covalent, ionic, van der Waals). Several halogenated coupling agents can be used to covalently graft an organic group onto the surface of oxide NPs, e.g., organosilanes [21][22][23], carboxylate [24][25] or phosphonate/phosphate

Tailoring bifunctional hybrid organic–inorganic nanoadsorbents by the choice of functional layer composition probed by adsorption of Cu²⁺ ions

• Veronika V. Tomina,
• Inna V. Melnyk,
• Yuriy L. Zub,
• Aivaras Kareiva,
• Miroslava Vaclavikova,
• Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva and
• Vadim G. Kessler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 334–347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.36

• ]. The best surface availability of organofunctional groups was achieved for the amino-terminated ligands when the organosilane was added 30 min after start of the particle growth, and for the carboxylate-terminated ones the optimal addition time was 5.5 h after particle growth initialization. No

Template-controlled piezoactivity of ZnO thin films grown via a bioinspired approach

• Nina J. Blumenstein,
• Fabian Streb,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Zaklina Burghard and
• Joachim Bill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 296–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.32

• of functional inorganic materials under mild reaction conditions where organic templates direct the deposition process. In this study, this principle was adapted for the formation of piezoelectric ZnO thin films. The influence of two different organic templates (namely, a carboxylate-terminated self

• different functionalities are available, e.g., amino-, carboxylate or sulfonate groups for hydrophilic or alkyl groups and fluorine atoms for hydrophobic modifications. The properties of these functional groups control the interaction with ZnO. In the case of a template with polar functionality

• zeta potential of SAMs with COOH- and SO3H-functional groups in dependence on the pH [40]. They found that the sulfonate SAM is more negatively charged (−115 mV) compared to the carboxylate one (−75 mV) at a pH of 9, which corresponds to the pH of the mineralization solution used in this study. This

Streptavidin-coated gold nanoparticles: critical role of oligonucleotides on stability and fractal aggregation

• Roberta D'Agata,
• Pasquale Palladino and
• Giuseppe Spoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1–11, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.1

• has been demonstrated that the interaction between proteins and citrate-stabilized AuNPs occurs through a mechanism involving carboxylate–ammonium interactions established between citrate and lysine or histidine amino groups on the protein surface. The mechanism also includes contributions from steric

From iron coordination compounds to metal oxide nanoparticles

• Mihail Iacob,
• Carmen Racles,
• Codrin Tugui,
• George Stiubianu,
• Adrian Bele,
• Liviu Sacarescu,
• Daniel Timpu and
• Maria Cazacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2074–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.198

• filtrate was coded as NPT1a and the sample retained by filter was coded NPT1b and these were further characterized separately (Table 1). In the IR spectrum of NPT1a (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2), the bands at 1634 and 1435 cm−1 assigned to νas,s(COO−) carboxylate groups can be found; these are

• the simple calcination procedure, it was found that using iron or iron/chromium carboxylate clusters, polydisperse nanoparticles of ≈200 nm are obtained, while using an iron precursor with silicone ligand, iron oxide–silica hybrid nanoparticles of just ≈30 nm in diameter can be prepared. It has been

A novel electrochemical nanobiosensor for the ultrasensitive and specific detection of femtomolar-level gastric cancer biomarker miRNA-106a

• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Kobra Omidfar and
• Hossein Ghanbarian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2023–2036, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.193

• gold–magnetic NPs with streptavidin; and (3) P1 immobilization onto the NPs. First, in order to carboxylate the gold–magnetic NPs, 100 mg of these particles were added to 1 mL ethanol solution of 20 mM MUA and incubated overnight after 1 h of sonication. Second, streptavidin was covalently immobilized

Intercalation and structural aspects of macroRAFT agents into MgAl layered double hydroxides

• Dessislava Kostadinova,
• Ana Cenacchi Pereira,
• Muriel Lansalot,
• Franck D’Agosto,
• Elodie Bourgeat-Lami,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Christine Taviot-Guého,
• Sylvian Cadars and
• Vanessa Prevot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2000–2012, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.191

• nm), the interslab available for the PAA49-CTPPA corresponds to 0.6 nm, and indicates an orientation of the macromolecules as a monolayer with the carboxylate groups interacting with the positive adjacent inorganic layers (Figure 3a). The intercalation of P(AA-stat-BA)-CTPPA copolymers led to a

• with a bilayer arrangement of the copolymers. The two most intense peaks are due to the hydroxide layers containing Mg/Al cations. The carboxylate groups from the AA units and the end group of CTPPA would cause maxima at the outer parts of the interlayer space at a distance of ≈0.39 nm from the center

• of the hydroxide layers which is consistent with hydrogen bond interactions between carboxylate and OH groups: C–O· · ·HO–Mg/Al. The second maximum at a distance of ≈0.44 nm from the latter is attributed to both the carboxylate groups in BA units and the thiopropylsulfanyl groups that would be

In situ formation of reduced graphene oxide structures in ceria by combined sol–gel and solvothermal processing

• Jingxia Yang,
• Johannes Ofner,
• Bernhard Lendl and
• Ulrich Schubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1815–1821, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.174

• alkoxide or carboxylate groups were identified [18]. Graphene-like structures, however, were never mentioned. Experimental Synthesis of rGO-modified CeO2 The procedure for the preparation of the ceria–rGO composites was the same as previously reported for that of pure ceria [17] (or Co3O4-modified CeO2 [19

3D printing of mineral–polymer bone substitutes based on sodium alginate and calcium phosphate

• Aleksey A. Egorov,
• Alexander Yu. Fedotov,
• Anton V. Mironov,
• Vladimir S. Komlev,
• Vladimir K. Popov and
• Yury V. Zobkov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1794–1799, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.172

• the carboxylate group of alginate. This physical bonding translates to mixtures that are rich in electronic pairs leading to a higher reactivity and mineralization potential that can be transformed into composite materials [13]. According to X-ray diffraction data, synthesis in the presence of

Green and energy-efficient methods for the production of metallic nanoparticles

• Mitra Naghdi,
• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• M. Verma,
• R. Y. Surampalli and
• J. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2354–2376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.243

• carboxylate groups, was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent. They studied the influence of gum particle size, gum concentration, AgNO3 concentration and reaction time on the synthesis of Ag NPs and found that by increasing the concentrations of gum and AgNO3, the efficiency of NP production is enhanced

• stabilizing agent for the synthesis of spherical Ag NPs from AgNO3. They observed that by increasing reaction time, the efficiency of NP synthesis increases and it is attributed to the higher reduction capacity of the gum. They concluded that hydroxyl and carboxylate groups of the gum help the complexation of

• carboxylate ion groups [84]. Noruzi et al. used the aqueous extract of rose petals as reducing agent for production of HAuCl4 to Au NPs within 5 min at room temperature and investigated the effects of concentrations of Au precursor and extract. Their TEM micrographs and XRD patterns showed that the

Surfactant-controlled composition and crystal structure of manganese(II) sulfide nanocrystals prepared by solvothermal synthesis

• Elena Capetti,
• Anna M. Ferretti,
• Vladimiro Dal Santo and
• Alessandro Ponti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2319–2329, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.238

• mixture when the molar amount of S and L were equal. Pure MnO NCs were prepared when the amount of S was lower than that of L. Conversely, when the amount of S was higher than L, the reaction yielded pure α-MnS NCs. In the case of Mn carboxylate precursors, the free surfactant was the corresponding

• carboxylic acid, i.e., OlAc for Mn(OH)Ol or MnOl2 and StAc for MnSt2. We again found that, in general, pure α-MnS NCs were obtained in sulfur-rich reactions and pure MnO NCs in surfactant-rich reactions. Reactions involving carboxylate precursors carried out using high S/Mn and L/Mn ratios often did not

• comprises both amine and carboxylic acid surfactants, otherwise α-MnS NCs are formed. Whether the carboxylic acid is present as free surfactant or as carboxylate ligand within the Mn precursor is irrelevant to the crystal structure of the resulting NCs. ATR-IR spectroscopy of MnS NCs The attenuated total

PLGA nanoparticles as a platform for vitamin D-based cancer therapy

• Maria J. Ramalho,
• Joana A. Loureiro,
• Bárbara Gomes,
• Manuela F. Frasco,
• Manuel A. N. Coelho and
• M. Carmo Pereira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1306–1318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.135

• electrostatic forces due to the PLGA carboxylate groups at the NP surface, and the surfactant behavior that also plays a crucial role in maintaining nanosuspension stabilization. During particle formation, the Pluronic®F127 is adsorbed onto the NP surface, providing steric and thermodynamic stabilization

Electrical characterization of single molecule and Langmuir–Blodgett monomolecular films of a pyridine-terminated oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) derivative

• Henrry M. Osorio,
• Santiago Martín,
• María Carmen López,
• Santiago Marqués-González,
• Simon J. Higgins,
• Richard J. Nichols,
• Paul J. Low and
• Pilar Cea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1145–1157, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.116

• pseudolinear (ohmic) region of the I–V curves. This value is higher than that of the conductance values of LB films of phenylene-ethynylene derivatives contacted by amines, thiols, carboxylate, trimethylsilylethynyl or acetylide groups. In addition, the single molecule I–V curve of 1 determined using the I(s

• other LB films), the conductance value for compound 1 is 3–20 times greater than for LB films of other oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) (OPE) derivatives bearing anchoring groups such as thiol (–SH), amine (–NH2), carboxylate (–COO−), trimethylsilylethynyl (–C≡CSiMe3) or acetylide (–C≡C) [23][24][30][45