Zn/F-doped tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by laser pyrolysis: structural and optical properties

• Florian Dumitrache,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Elena Dutu,
• Ion Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Alina Ilie,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Cristian Mihailescu,
• Adriana Smarandache and
• Gabriel Prodan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.2

• -resistant glass reactor with a cross-sectional configuration in which the precursor gas stream, introduced vertically from the bottom and having a laminar flow, perpendicularly intersects the laser beam. Laser irradiation of the gaseous precursor is achieved by means of a focusing lens located in front of

Hybrid Au@alendronate nanoparticles as dual chemo-photothermal agent for combined cancer treatment

• Anouchka Plan Sangnier,
• Romain Aufaure,
• Laurence Motte,
• Claire Wilhelm,
• Erwann Guenin and
• Yoann Lalatonne

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2947–2952, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.273

• treatment by using a 680 nm laser calibrated to illuminate cells at 1.7 W/cm2. The metabolic activity on PC3 cells incubated with Au@alendronate NPs in presence or absence of laser irradiation is compared in Figure 3b. At extracellular concentrations of alendronate below 1 µM, similar cell viability was

• observed in absence or presence of laser irradiation. This could be related to the low dose of internalized gold NPs and indicates that the laser power is sufficiently low to avoid nonspecific biological damage. At extracellular concentrations of alendronate over 1 µM, cell viability was considerably

• lowered in the presence of laser irradiation. The IC50 was reduced to 1 µM (instead of 100 µM), while at intermediate concentration of 100 µM, cell death was total. It clearly evidences the efficiency of the combined drug delivery and photothermal treatment of Au@alendronate NPs. In summary, we developed

Biomimetic surface structures in steel fabricated with femtosecond laser pulses: influence of laser rescanning on morphology and wettability

• Camilo Florian Baron,
• Alexandros Mimidis,
• Daniel Puerto,
• Evangelos Skoulas,
• Emmanuel Stratakis,
• Javier Solis and
• Jan Siegel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2802–2812, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.262

• angle measurements of water drops placed on the surface reveal that a wide range of angles can be accessed by selecting the appropriate irradiation parameters, highlighting also here the prominent role of the number of scans. Keywords: biomimetics; femtosecond laser irradiation; laser-induced periodic

• after laser irradiation, the samples were cleaned in an ultrasound bath with isopropanol for 5 minutes and gently dried with pressurized nitrogen. The irradiation strategy consisted of fabricating continuous areas of 5 × 5 mm2 with an adequate balance between the laser repetition rate (ν), scan velocity

• [46]. The errors specified for the different CA values were obtained via software analysis. SEM images of the three LIPSS structures produced in steel under different laser irradiation conditions, distinguished fundamentally by the laser fluence and pulse number Neff_2D (parameters given in the text

Enhancement of X-ray emission from nanocolloidal gold suspensions under double-pulse excitation

• Wei-Hung Hsu,
• Frances Camille P. Masim,
• Armandas Balčytis,
• Hsin-Hui Huang,
• Tetsu Yonezawa,
• Aleksandr A. Kuchmizhak,
• Saulius Juodkazis and
• Koji Hatanaka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2609–2617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.242

• -absorption efficiency and an enhanced generation of high-energy electrons from a highly ionized plasma with high electron temperature [10][11] under intense laser irradiation. For an efficient augmentation in X-ray intensity, femtosecond (fs)-laser excitation of metal nanoparticles and nanoclusters is of

• solution surface for different Δt up to 15 ns [28]. Analyses of the relation between the time-dependent X-ray generation and the optimum laser irradiation position are still missing for other aqueous solutions, especially for experiments under ambient pressure. Previous studies, mostly with solid targets

• laser beam. Usually, more than 120 mL of sample solution was being circulated by a pump during experiments. This amount is much larger than the volume of the laser irradiation at the focus, which can be estimated to be 1.5 × 10−4 mL. An apparent degradation of the solution absorption spectrum was not

Au–Si plasmonic platforms: synthesis, structure and FDTD simulations

• Anna Gapska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2599–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.241

• concluded that the proposed method of manufacturing nanostructures yields good results. Of course, there are also other methods for the production of nanostructures or metal nanoparticles, for example laser irradiation of thin metallic films deposited on various substrates [29][30][31][32][33]. This method

• also gives the possibility, by scanning the surface of the sample with a laser or by changing the energy of the pulse or its duration, to create patterns of various sizes of nanostructures. Laser irradiation, however, does not provide the possibility of accurate temperature control, which is extremely

Fabrication of photothermally active poly(vinyl alcohol) films with gold nanostars for antibacterial applications

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Maria Moros,
• Claudia Tortiglione,
• Serena Bertoldi,
• Nicola Contessi,
• Silvia Faré,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Agnese D’Agostino,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2040–2048, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.193

• possibility that the photothermal properties of engineered PVA-GNS films may be used for antibacterial purposes, Escherichia coli (DH5-alpha strain) were inoculated onto PVA without GNSs (as control) and PVA-GNS films, and then exposed to NIR laser irradiation (using the second NIR window). The detailed

• irradiation with a 1064 nm laser, as registered by a thermocamera (laser intensity 4 W/cm2). (b) After 5 minutes of laser irradiation (or simply exposure to the air for the control samples) the films were transferred to LB broth and left at 37 °C for cell growth. The number of bacteria per mL was calculated

Optical near-field mapping of plasmonic nanostructures prepared by nanosphere lithography

• Gitanjali Kolhatkar,
• Alexandre Merlen,
• Jiawei Zhang,
• Chahinez Dab,
• Gregory Q. Wallace,
• François Lagugné-Labarthet and
• Andreas Ruediger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1536–1543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.144

• spots due to higher and localized enhancement. Nevertheless, this technique is diffraction limited to a few hundred of nanometers as it is based on confocal microscopy measurements. Galarreta et al. [26] coated such triangular structures with an azopolymer thin film sensitive to laser irradiation and

Laser-assisted fabrication of gold nanoparticle-composed structures embedded in borosilicate glass

• Nikolay Nedyalkov,
• Mihaela Koleva,
• Nadya Stankova,
• Rosen Nikov,
• Mitsuhiro Terakawa,
• Yasutaka Nakajima,
• Lyubomir Aleksandrov and
• Reni Iordanova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2454–2463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.244

• . At 355, 532 and 1064 nm, no coloration of the sample was observed. The femtosecond laser irradiation at 800 nm also induced defects, again observed as brown coloration. The absorbance spectra indicated that this coloration was related to the formation of oxygen deficiency defects. After annealing

• oscillating in the UV [18] but more often by femtosecond lasers [15][16][17][22]. Nanosecond laser irradiation has rarely been reported as a source of metal reduction in glasses [23]. The studies cited indicated that the performance, i.e., the optimal process conditions, depends strongly on the glass type and

• composition. Due to the complexity of the process involved, it is difficult to devise a clear and detailed picture of the underlying physical phenomena and of their interplay. These include the mechanisms of laser irradiation interaction with and absorption by these materials, the development and evolution of

Au nanostructure fabrication by pulsed laser deposition in open air: Influence of the deposition geometry

• Rumen G. Nikov,
• Anna Og. Dikovska,
• Nikolay N. Nedyalkov,
• Georgi V. Avdeev and
• Petar A. Atanasov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2438–2445, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.242

• light was demonstrated. Experimental The fabrication of the Au nanostructures was implemented in a one-step deposition of the ablated material on a substrate. The Au target (purity of 99.99 %) was mounted on a rotating holder in order to prevent deep drilling during laser irradiation. The ablated

Hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO quantum dot/KNb₃O₈ nanosheet photocatalysts for reducing carbon dioxide to methanol

• Xiao Shao,
• Weiyue Xin and
• Xiaohong Yin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2264–2270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.226

• transparent solution was centrifugally separated from the slurry and analyzed by a gas chromatograph (SCION 456–GC). The reference experiments were carried out in the absence of photocatalyst or laser irradiation, and there were no products formed. Results and Discussion Catalyst characterization The two-step

Laser processing of thin-film multilayer structures: comparison between a 3D thermal model and experimental results

• Babak B. Naghshine and
• Amirkianoosh Kiani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1749–1759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.176

• -step can be written as follows (Equation 2 to Equation 4): Where: Convection, radiation and laser irradiation are the boundary conditions at the surface. The laser beam has a Gaussian profile. On the back side, insulation boundary conditions are assumed. Convection and radiation are the boundary

Oxidative chemical vapor deposition of polyaniline thin films

• Yuriy Y. Smolin,
• Masoud Soroush and
• Kenneth K. S. Lau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1266–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.128

• morphology were highly dependent on the solvent matrix and the laser irradiation wavelength, and MAPLE led to a film that was electrically insulating [26]. Previous studies by Gleason and coworkers highlighted oCVD’s advantages in the conformal deposition of PEDOT films with tunable nanoporosity [27], and

Growth, structure and stability of sputter-deposited MoS₂ thin films

• Reinhard Kaindl,
• Bernhard C. Bayer,
• Roland Resel,
• Thomas Müller,
• Viera Skakalova,
• Gerlinde Habler,
• Rainer Abart,
• Alexey S. Cherevan,
• Dominik Eder,
• Maxime Blatter,
• Fabian Fischer,
• Jannik C. Meyer,
• Dmitry K. Polyushkin and
• Wolfgang Waldhauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.113

• appearance of a dark spot in the reflected light microscopic image (Figure 4b). The spectrum arising upon the 3.5 mW laser irradiation of the amorphous RT PVD MoS2 film is tentatively assigned to Mo-oxides or -hydroxides [41][42]. This suggests that through the energy input from the 3.5 mW laser the

• panel). The Raman spectra of the as deposited films (grey) were taken using a low laser power of 0.75 µW which leaves all tested MoS2 films unaffected. In situ laser annealing was undertaken by exposure to 3.5 mW laser irradiation for varying times in ambient atmosphere, followed by another low power

Near-field surface plasmon field enhancement induced by rippled surfaces

• Mario D’Acunto,
• Francesco Fuso,
• Ruggero Micheletto,
• Makoto Naruse,
• Francesco Tantussi and
• Maria Allegrini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 956–967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.97

• rough surfaces. Ripple formation due to light–matter interaction, for example, using short laser pulses, is highly dependent on the laser irradiation conditions (angle of incidence, polarization, laser power, scanning speed – only to cite the most important factors), material properties, environmental

3D Nanoprinting via laser-assisted electron beam induced deposition: growth kinetics, enhanced purity, and electrical resistivity

• Brett B. Lewis,
• Robert Winkler,
• Xiahan Sang,
• Pushpa R. Pudasaini,
• Michael G. Stanford,
• Harald Plank,
• Raymond R. Unocic,
• Jason D. Fowlkes and
• Philip D. Rack

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 801–812, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.83

• A 915 nm wavelength 25 W multichip diode laser made by Oclaro Inc. was used as the source for laser irradiation. A PCX-7410 laser diode driver (DEI®) was used to control the pulse width, frequency, and power. The particular parameters were chosen based on initial experiments that resulted in heating

• reduction (see Supporting Information File 1 for 3D examples). Pulsed laser irradiation and gas pressure both affect the growth rate and morphology of the EBID structures. A useful way to characterize this change is by fabricating a pillar + cantilever, or ‘segment’, using EBID. Figure 2 depicts the changes

• deposits, Pt grain coarsening and a decrease in resistivity are observed at higher dwell times/higher segment angles. The 3D nanostructures maintain high fidelity during laser irradiation and realize a 100-fold decrease in resistivity when compared to standard EBID. This improvement in electron transport

Laser irradiation in water for the novel, scalable synthesis of black TiO_x photocatalyst for environmental remediation

• Massimo Zimbone,
• Giuseppe Cacciato,
• Mohamed Boutinguiza,
• Vittorio Privitera and
• Maria Grazia Grimaldi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 196–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.21

• hydrogen pressure and long annealing treatments. In this work, we present an industrially scalable synthesis of TiO2-based material based on laser irradiation. The resulting black TiOx shows a high activity and adsorbs visible radiation, overcoming the main concerns related to the use of TiO2 under solar

• trap surface states for holes in an amorphous hydrogenated TiOx layer. Keywords: black titania; laser irradiation in water; photocatalysis; TiOx; water treatment; Introduction The interest in titanium dioxide dates back in 1972, thanks to the pioneering work of Honda and Fujishima [1]. TiO2 has been

• /cm2. A schematic representation of the sample preparation procedure is shown in Figure 1. During laser irradiation, TiO2 nanoparticles were obtained in solution, as also reported in a previous publication [24][26], and a thin black layer of TiOx was formed on the top of the Ti foil (Figure 1a). The

Grazing-incidence optical magnetic recording with super-resolution

• Gunther Scheunert,
• Sidney. R. Cohen,
• René Kullock,
• Ryan McCarron,
• Katya Rechev,
• Ifat Kaplan-Ashiri,
• Ora Bitton,
• Paul Dawson,
• Bert Hecht and
• Dan Oron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 28–37, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.4

• , CW, P = 8 mW) on an as-is HDD piece. (a) Reference of the sample without bias field or laser irradiation. (b) Without a bias field the laser simply deletes the data and the intensity is averaged. (c) In the presence of a bias field the magnetization of the grains aligns parallel, i.e., the bias

The role of morphology and coupling of gold nanoparticles in optical breakdown during picosecond pulse exposures

• Yevgeniy R. Davletshin and
• J. Carl Kumaradas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 869–880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.79

• = 0.8363σabs−0.311 with R2 = 0.46. Figure 7c shows the relation between the maximum field enhancement for different morphologies, wavelengths of laser irradiation and optical breakdown threshold. A power regression fit of the optical breakdown versus the maximum field enhancement yielded, Fth = 44.96(|E|max/E0

Thermo-voltage measurements of atomic contacts at low temperature

• Ayelet Ofarim,
• Bastian Kopp,
• Thomas Möller,
• León Martin,
• Johannes Boneberg,
• Paul Leiderer and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 767–775, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.68

• is monitored by a CCD camera. The sample is controllably broken and closed at low temperature in cryogenic vacuum by bending and flattening the substrate without laser irradiation, while recording the current at an applied bias of 5 mV. Motor control and data collection is performed using a custom

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering by colloidal CdSe nanocrystal submonolayers fabricated by the Langmuir–Blodgett technique

• Alexander G. Milekhin,
• Larisa L. Sveshnikova,
• Tatyana A. Duda,
• Ekaterina E. Rodyakina,
• Volodymyr M. Dzhagan,
• Ovidiu D. Gordan,
• Sergey L. Veber,
• Cameliu Himcinschi,
• Alexander V. Latyshev and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2388–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.245

• performance. From other side, CdSe NCs are resistant against intense laser irradiation and have a direct band transition energy located in the same (red) spectral range as that for LSPR in Au nanoclusters and are therefore considered as a model system for resonant SERS experiments. SERS by optical phonons was

Green and energy-efficient methods for the production of metallic nanoparticles

• Mitra Naghdi,
• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• M. Verma,
• R. Y. Surampalli and
• J. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2354–2376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.243

Nonlinear optical properties of near-infrared region Ag₂S quantum dots pumped by nanosecond laser pulses

• Li-wei Liu,
• Si-yi Hu,
• Yin-ping Dou,
• Tian-hang Liu,
• Jing-quan Lin and
• Yue Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1781–1787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.182

• the rectangle represent the Ag2S QDs. One can see that the Ag2S QDs can show nonlinear optical phenomena under 532 nm laser irradiation. The intensity of the electric field changes drastically when the laser passes through the quantum dots. Previous research attributed the nonlinear optical behavior

Improved optical limiting performance of laser-ablation-generated metal nanoparticles due to silica-microsphere-induced local field enhancement

• Zheren Du,
• Lianwei Chen,
• Tsung-Sheng Kao,
• Mengxue Wu and
• Minghui Hong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1199–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.122

• duration, and laser fluence) and the properties of the environment (e.g., surfactant concentration, pH value, or size and length of ligands) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Laser ablation is an explosive material removal process using strong pulsed-laser irradiation. The LAL process causes the ejection of nanoclusters

• and gold/silica nanocomposites and (c,d) silver nanoparticles and silver/silica nanocomposites. (a) SEM image of silica microspheres and (b) FDTD simulation result for a silica microsphere with a diameter of 1 µm under 1064 nm laser irradiation. Field enhancement by microspheres of different sizes

Nanostructuring of GeTiO amorphous films by pulsed laser irradiation

• Valentin S. Teodorescu,
• Cornel Ghica,
• Adrian V. Maraloiu,
• Mihai Vlaicu,
• Andrei Kuncser,
• Magdalena L. Ciurea,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Ana M. Lepadatu,
• Nicu D. Scarisoreanu,
• Andreea Andrei,
• Valentin Ion and
• Maria Dinescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 893–900, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.92

• obtained by RF magnetron sputtering with 50:50 initial atomic ratio of Ge:TiO2. Laser irradiation was performed by using the fourth harmonic (266 nm) of a Nd:YAG laser. The laser-induced nanostructuring results in two effects, the first one is the appearance of a wave-like topography at the film surface

• the formation of amorphous Ge nanoparticles through the segregation of Ge atoms in the GeTiO matrix. The nanostructuring effects induced by the laser irradiation can be used in functionalizing the surface of the films. Keywords: fast diffusion; GeTiO film; nanostructuring; pulsed laser annealing

• morphology cannot be considered as a sign of melting. All laser treatments were conducted at low fluences, so that the films remain practically in the solid state phase, as the surface temperature estimation shows. Before and after laser irradiation, the nanostructure of the film surfaces was observed by

Raman spectroscopy as a tool to investigate the structure and electronic properties of carbon-atom wires

• Alberto Milani,
• Matteo Tommasini,
• Valeria Russo,
• Andrea Li Bassi,
• Andrea Lucotti,
• Franco Cataldo and
• Carlo S. Casari

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 480–491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.49

• (fs) laser irradiation of a graphite target [50]. fs laser pulses were used to produce amorphous carbon films containing sp, sp2 and sp3 fractions, however control over their relative quantities was not demonstrated [51]. Isolated wires can be produced by laser ablation (with both fs and ns pulses) of