Nickel nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide/WO₃ nanocomposite – a promising candidate for gas sensing

• Ilka Simon,
• Alexandr Savitsky,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Vladimir Pankov and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 343–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.28

• placed in a tube furnace with a temperature regulator. To enhance electrical conductivity and to improve contact Ag electrodes were deposited on parallel sides of the pellets. The measurement procedure was carried out for NO2 and acetone in a stationary regime in a precisely controlled atmosphere (10 ppm

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• graphitic structure enhanced its electrical conductivity [162]. Graphene has excellent electrical conductivity, optical properties, and mechanical strength [163][164][165][166], and these traits were conferred to the silk fibers. It was also indicated that silkworms fed with a lower concentration (0.2 wt

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• flexible conductive materials, metallic materials (e.g., copper, zinc, silver, and gold) are still frequently used as electrodes for flexible electronics due to their excellent electrical conductivity. By using the Kapton tape to attach soft stencils to paper, various metals can be deposited through the

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

• characteristics including antimicrobial activity, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, optical characteristics, and mechanical properties. The antimicrobial characteristic of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has made them highly applicable in the biomedical and therapeutic fields [69][70][71]. Currently

• demonstrated unique electrical properties. AgNPs coated on polycarbonate substrates were previously used to increase the electrical conductivity of polycarbonate composites [79]. AgNPs have also demonstrated minimum or no adverse effects on mechanical strength when embedded in polymeric materials or composites

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• alternatives to metal oxides are two-dimensional (2D) MXenes. Their properties include environmental sustainability, lamellar structure, high transformation efficiency, high surface hydrophilicity, and good electrical conductivity [14]. Therefore, in the following section we discuss the main properties of

Self-standing heterostructured NiC_x-NiFe-NC/biochar as a highly efficient cathode for lithium–oxygen batteries

• Shengyu Jing,
• Xu Gong,
• Shan Ji,
• Linhui Jia,
• Bruno G. Pollet,
• Sheng Yan and
• Huagen Liang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1809–1821, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.163

• properties (similar to PGMs), high durability, and high electrical conductivity, transition metal carbides have recently become an active research topic. As such, they have been intensively studied as promising alternatives to PGM catalysts in the development of alternative ORR and OER catalysts [24][25

Seebeck coefficient of silicon nanowire forests doped by thermal diffusion

• Shaimaa Elyamny,
• Elisabetta Dimaggio and
• Giovanni Pennelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1707–1713, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.153

• sustainable. Silicon has a very high power factor S2σ [1][2][3][4] (S is the Seebeck coefficient and σ is the electrical conductivity). This, combined with the reduced thermal conductivity when nanostructured [5][6][7][8][9][10], makes it very suitable for thermoelectric applications. As added value, silicon

• fabricated on the top of a silicon nanowire forest, which can be achieved by copper electrodeposition [18]. 2) The optimum doping concentration of the nanowires for the exploitation of the maximum power factor of silicon [3] needs to be found. Both the Seebeck coefficient and the electrical conductivity

• depend on the doping concentration. In particular, S decreases with increasing doping concentrations. At the same time, high doping concentrations yield high values of electrical conductivity σ. Hence, a trade-off between S and σ needs to be found, such that the product S2σ is maximized. Nanowires with

One-step synthesis of carbon-supported electrocatalysts

• Sebastian Tigges,
• Nicolas Wöhrl,
• Ivan Radev,
• Ulrich Hagemann,
• Markus Heidelmann,
• Thai Binh Nguyen,
• Stanislav Gorelkov,
• Stephan Schulz and
• Axel Lorke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1419–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.126

• discussed in the following. Traditional multistep synthesis methods for Pt/C catalysts use supports, which are partially graphitized for reaching the required high electrical conductivity and durability. Therefore, the support surface is characterized by a low density of binding sites for anchoring Pt-NP

• , on which the Pt-NPs can then easily diffuse. Hence, these supports often require additional functionalization steps for avoiding metal particle agglomeration, which reduces the electrical conductivity and durability of the support. In sharp contrast, the one-step synthesis of Pt/CNW presented herein

Effect of localized helium ion irradiation on the performance of synthetic monolayer MoS₂ field-effect transistors

• Jakub Jadwiszczak,
• Pierce Maguire,
• Conor P. Cullen,
• Georg S. Duesberg and
• Hongzhou Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1329–1335, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.117

• Technology, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.11.117 Abstract Helium ion irradiation is a known method of tuning the electrical conductivity and charge carrier mobility of novel two-dimensional semiconductors. Here, we report a systematic

• cm−2 [13][14][15][16][17], as well as good electrical conductivity for up to approx. 1018 ions cm−2 [9][10][18]. Sulfur vacancies (SVs) and the formation of a dislocation–divacancy complex can lead to significant n-doping in MoS2 [19], which shifts the threshold voltage (Vth) of the FET to higher

Magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point on a Casson nanofluid flow over a radially stretching sheet

• Ganji Narender,
• Kamatam Govardhan and
• Gobburu Sreedhar Sarma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.114

• generation, DT is the thermophoresis diffusion coefficient, σ is the electrical conductivity, β represents the Casson fluid parameter, and T represents the nanofluid temperature. The following similarity variables are taken into consideration: Finally, the ODEs describing the proposed flow problem can be

Structure and electrochemical performance of electrospun-ordered porous carbon/graphene composite nanofibers

• Yi Wang,
• Yanhua Song,
• Chengwei Ye and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1280–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.112

• electrical conductivity and good biocompatibility [28][29][30]. Studies have indicated that graphene still maintains an excellent charge/discharge performance at an electrochemical scan rate of almost 250 mV·s−1 [31] and has an excellent cycle performance and fast charge/discharge characteristics [32

• electrode electrospinning method (MPEM). It was found that the alignment of the composite nanofibers (CNFs) improved their electrical conductivity. Therefore, this study provided a convenient and straightforward approach to synthesize ordered porous carbon/graphene CNFs (CGCNFs) with a high number of

• specific surface area. The increase in the specific surface area of the electrode due to increased porosity facilitates ion transportation, which increases the conductivity of monolithic electrodes [24][25][26]. Although the porous carbon nanofibers have a high specific surface area, their low electrical

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• GO (rGO) [22]. GO and rGO have been conjugated to several photosensitizers to enhance their performance in PDT [15][17][23][24][25]. However, for enhancing the characteristics of a Ps, the properties of graphene, such as electrical conductivity and chemical stability are very important, and these

Gas-sensing features of nanostructured tellurium thin films

• Dumitru Tsiulyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1010–1018, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.85

• different operating temperatures with respect to scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. It was shown that both types of films interacted with nitrogen dioxide, which resulted in a decrease of electrical conductivity. The gas sensitivity, as well as the response and recovery times

• with an approximate average size of 100 nm. Assuming the neutrality of the Au/Te contacts, the electrical conductivity of the film is mainly controlled by the bulk, surface and grain boundary resistances. On the other hand, due to the peculiarities of chalcogens and chalcogenide materials [1][30], a

Effect of magnetic field, heat generation and absorption on nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet

• Santoshi Misra and
• Govardhan Kamatam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 976–990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.82

• expansion coefficient, ρp is the particle density, σ denotes the nanofluid electrical conductivity, B0 denotes the magnetic induction, vw denotes the suction/injection velocity and Q0 (Q) denotes the heat generation (absorption) coefficient. us in Equation 8 represents the slip velocity, given as which is

Structural optical and electrical properties of a transparent conductive ITO/Al–Ag/ITO multilayer contact

• Aliyu Kabiru Isiyaku,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 695–702, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.57

• roughness is attributed to the increasing grain sizes [35]. The large grain sizes of IAAI films reduce the number of grain boundaries and thus the scattering at grain boundaries. This improves the carrier mobility leading to an increased electrical conductivity of the films. The surface morphology of the

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic performance of heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded composite nanofiber membranes

• Wei Fang,
• Liang Yu and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 631–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.50

• widely used to fabricate nanofiber membranes because of its good spinnability, electrical conductivity, and heat resistance. However, carbonized PAN nanofiber membranes usually have poor mechanical properties. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has better mechanical properties but a lower melting point

Comparison of fresh and aged lithium iron phosphate cathodes using a tailored electrochemical strain microscopy technique

• Matthias Simolka,
• Hanno Kaess and
• Kaspar Andreas Friedrich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 583–596, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.46

• additional mechanical (stiffness, elasticity), electrical (conductivity, surface potential), electrochemical (reactivity, mobility and activity), mechanoelectrical (piezoelectricity) and chemical (chemical bonding) material properties. In situ AFM imaging of the sample topography is often used to study the

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• considered an ideal supporting material to hybridize with electroactive materials because of its low cost, easy fabrication, large surface area, interconnected porosity and high electrical conductivity [30][31]. Due to its micro/mesoporous 3D morphology with large open pores, it offers more space to grow

• excellent electrical conductivity and the 3D carbon nanonetwork. Secondly, NiMoO4 nanorods with extremely high specific capacitance are considered ideal spots for the nucleation and the growth of ZIF-67 particles. Lastly, the Co3O4 particles derived from ZIF-67 possess a nest-like structure and a porous

• the NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA composite of 1.3 Ω. This value is smaller than that of the Co3O4 particles derived from ZIF-67 with 1.5 Ω, demonstrating that the electrical conductivity is enhanced upon to the introduction of NiMoO4/CA. The cyclic stability of NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA was tested over 5000 cycles at 0.5 A

Size effects of graphene nanoplatelets on the properties of high-density polyethylene nanocomposites: morphological, thermal, electrical, and mechanical characterization

• Tuba Evgin,
• Alpaslan Turgut,
• Georges Hamaoui,
• Zdenko Spitalsky,
• Nicolas Horny,
• Matej Micusik,
• Mihai Chirtoc,
• Mehmet Sarikanat and
• Maria Omastova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 167–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.14

• scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Our results show that the lateral size of GnPs was a more regulating factor for the above-mentioned nanocomposite properties compared to their thickness. For a given lateral size, thinner GnPs showed significantly higher electrical conductivity and a lower

• superior inherent properties, such as its thermal (1000–5000 W/mK [5]) and electrical conductivity (6000 S/cm [6]), and mechanical properties (a Young’s modulus of 1 TPa and a tensile strength of 130 GPa [7]). However, the mass production of graphene with high quality at a low cost is still challenging

• the GnPs had only a slight effect on the reflection peaks of the HDPE/GnP nanocomposites, but the peak’s intensity was influenced stronger. Electrical conductivity Figure 4a–c demonstrate the AC conductivity (σ´AC) of all HDPE/GnP nanocomposites, measured at room temperature as a function of frequency

Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• improve the detection sensitivity for mercury, which involved the thermodynamically and entropically favored displacement of BNA owing to the formation of metallo-DNA duplexes (dT–Hg–dT)n (Figure 5a). The displacement of BNA caused significant changes in the morphological, chiroptical, and electrical

• conductivity properties of the system, which was used for the dual-responsive detection of ultralow concentrations (subnanomolar level) of mercury. The BNAn–dTn coassembly material was used to fabricate a field-effect transistor (FET) for the detection of mercury (Figure 5c). Remarkably, both chiroptical and

Simple synthesis of nanosheets of rGO and nitrogenated rGO

• Pallellappa Chithaiah,
• Madhan Mohan Raju,
• Giridhar U. Kulkarni and
• C. N. R. Rao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 68–75, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.7

• electrical conductivity obtained for H-rGO is ca. 0.068 S/m. Conclusion In conclusion, we present a very simple and efficient method for the successful synthesis of nanosheets of rGO and of rGO with high nitrogen content by the thermal decomposition of sucrose and glycine. We measured the specific

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• meso- and macropores is beneficial for the ORR activity [11]. Finally, a higher degree of graphitization generally leads to an improved electrical conductivity, which should improve the overall ORR activity. On the other hand, it may alter also the properties of the active sites, which may be either

Mobility of charge carriers in self-assembled monolayers

• Zhihua Fu,
• Tatjana Ladnorg,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Alexander Welle,
• Asif Bashir,
• Michael Rohwerder,
• Qiang Zhang,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2449–2458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.235

• a top electrode. We were able to determine a relationship between island size and electrical conductivity, and from this dependence, we could obtain information on the lateral charge transport and charge carrier mobility within the thin OSC layers. Our study demonstrates that AFM nanografting of

• length of the two SAM-forming molecules (1.68 nm for PAT, according to van der Waals structures [39] and 2.3 nm for the HDT [40]). The electrical conductivity as determined from the I–V-curves measured with the conductive probe AFM increases with the calculated diameter of the PAT islands (Figure 2d

Multiwalled carbon nanotube based aromatic volatile organic compound sensor: sensitivity enhancement through 1-hexadecanethiol functionalisation

• Nadra Bohli,
• Meryem Belkilani,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2364–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.227

• toluene for various vapour concentrations injected at room temperature. The results show an increasing resistance with increasing concentration of the injected vapours. The adsorption of these vapours on the Au-MWCNT films leads to a reduction of the global sensor electrical conductivity. The lowest

• VOCs Figure 5 shows the response of the HDT/Au-MWCNT sensor to the varying benzene and toluene vapour concentrations injected at room temperature. The detection results of the various injected vapours show a considerable decrease in the electrical conductivity of the HDT/Au-MWCNT sensor compared with

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• electrical conductivity. Developing ultrathin nanostructured materials is critical to achieving high electrochemical performance, because they possess rich active sites for electrochemical reactions, shortening the transport path of ions in the electrolyte during the charge/discharge processes. This paper

• from both nickel and cobalt ions in the bimetallic sulfides can provide relatively affluent redox reactions, resulting in higher specific capacitance and electrical conductivity [6][7]. Moreover, layered ultrathin nanoflakes in the synthesised nanomaterials, derived from metal oxides/dichalcogenides

• (TMDs), are attractive as energy-storage electrode materials. This is because the ultrathin structures are fully exposed to the active sites, leading to high electrical conductivity [8][9][10]. In previous reports, Ni–Co chalcogenides have always been combined with carbon-based materials such as